Wind Profiles and Wave Spectra for Potential Wind Farms in South China Sea. Part II: Wave Spectrum Model

Liu, Yichao; Li, Sunwei; Qian, Yi; Chen, Daoyi

doi:10.3390/en10010127

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In order to quantify the discrepancies between the simulated and observed typhoon winds, five error indicators [3,38,39], namely the root mean square error (RMSE), the bias, the squared standard deviation (SSD), the scatter index (SI) and the index of agreement (IA), were employed. The definitions of the five indicators are:…”

Section: Error Statistics Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Error Features in Predicting Typhoon Winds: A Case Study Comparing Simulated and Measured Data

Peng

Liu

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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Simulating a typhoon’s wind field via mesoscale models is important in terms of providing not only the guidelines for urban planning and onshore/offshore constructions, but also the provision of insight into the dynamics and thermodynamics of tropical cyclone systems. Therefore, the errors that are contained in simulation results were investigated in the present study, in association with large-scale meteorological patterns and localized wind conditions in the typhoon boundary layer. In detail, the full-set three-dimensional simulations of three typhoon cases were carried out in order to provide the typhoon wind fields that were required to compare with the observations that were obtained through land weather stations and offshore buoys. Although the reliability of typhoon simulations has been thoroughly investigated, the previous works mostly concentrated on the configurations and dynamic core of the model. The present study reveals, however, the influences of the characteristics of the specific weather system on the simulation’s results, which provides the foundation for the proposition of empirical corrections to improve the mesoscale simulation results of typhoon wind fields without updating the model’s algorithm.

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Section: Error Statistics Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Error Features in Predicting Typhoon Winds: A Case Study Comparing Simulated and Measured Data

Peng

Liu

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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“…Bathymetric data used in this study was obtained from EMODnet's Bathymetric Tool. A JONSWAP spectrum model was used because it is based off of observations of wave fields in the North Sea [60].…”

Section: B Wave Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Cost Modeling for Co-Located Wind-Wave Energy Arrays

Clark¹,

DuPont²

2018

Preprint

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Offshore wind and wave energy are co-located resources, and both the offshore wind and wave energy industries are driven to reduce costs while maintaining or increasing power production within developments. Due to the maturity of offshore wind technology and continued growth of both offshore floating wind and wave energy converter (WEC) technology, there is new opportunity within the offshore renewable energy sector to combine wind and wave technologies in the same leased ocean space through co-located array development. Combining wind and wave energy technologies through co-location is projected to have synergistic effects that reduce direct and indirect costs for developments. While several of these effects have been quantified, many have not been related to cost, and there is currently no cost model that incorporates all of these effects. Further, in areas where fixed-bottom offshore wind structures are infeasible, floating offshore wind platforms could provide access to plentiful resource further offshore. In this paper, we develop a cost model that represents co-located array developments, particularly for floating offshore wind and wave energy converter technology, and identify research gaps and uncertainties to be minimized in future work.

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“…Chinese scholars have analyzed the special weather conditions with focus on the damage inflicted to offshore wind turbines by typhoons which has been coupled with thoughts on potential implications on WTG design efforts [67]. In addition, implications for wind and waves respectively as seen from a floating offshore wind turbine perspective have been analyzed [68,69].…”

Section: Our Asian Case Study Work Outside Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

The (R)evolution of China: Offshore Wind Diffusion

Poulsen

Hasager

2017

Energies

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This research presents an industry level gap analysis for Chinese offshore wind, which serves as a way to illuminate how China may fast track industry evolution. The research findings provide insight into how the Chinese government strongly and systematically decrees state-owned Chinese firms to expand into overseas markets to speed up learning efforts. Insights are offered regarding the nation-level strategic plans and institutional support policies mobilized by China in order to be able to conquer market shares internationally by building a strong home market and then facilitating an end-to-end and fully financed export solution. This is interesting in itself and in particular so because it now also includes complex billion-dollar megaprojects such as turnkey offshore wind farm assets with an expected lifespan of 30+ years. Research findings are provided on how European and Chinese firms may successfully forge long-term alliances also for future Chinese wind energy export projects. Examples of past efforts of collaboration not yielding desired results have been included as well. At policy level, recommendations are provided on how the evolution of the Chinese offshore wind power industry can be fast-tracked to mirror the revolutionary pace, volume, and velocity which the Chinese onshore wind power industry has mustered.

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Wind Profiles and Wave Spectra for Potential Wind Farms in South China Sea. Part II: Wave Spectrum Model

Cited by 14 publications

References 36 publications

Error Features in Predicting Typhoon Winds: A Case Study Comparing Simulated and Measured Data

Error Features in Predicting Typhoon Winds: A Case Study Comparing Simulated and Measured Data

Analytical Cost Modeling for Co-Located Wind-Wave Energy Arrays

The (R)evolution of China: Offshore Wind Diffusion

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