Wind-Induced Air-Flow Patterns in an Urban Setting: Observations and Numerical Modeling

Sattar, Ahmed A.; Elhakeem, Mohamed; Gerges, Bishoy N.; Gharabaghi, Bahram; Gültepe, Ismail

doi:10.1007/s00024-018-1846-5

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In addition, the wake zone, indicated by the cyan colour, can also convey the flow pattern. According to Sattar et al, (2018), the wake region distance often falls within a narrow range of the building height. This area is located following the downstream recirculation area of the building.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Different Wind Angles on Pedestrian Wind Comfort in 3d Space

Ridzuan,

Ujang,

Azri

et al. 2023

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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Abstract. Wind can impact pedestrian comfort. This comfort can be observed by integrating a 3D city model into the study area. However, little research has been done on the influence of different wind angles on pedestrian wind comfort and rarely on implementing 3D city models in the wind environment. Therefore, this study aims to fill the gap in using 3D city models to examine the effect of wind flow angles on pedestrian wind comfort. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) wind simulation environment presented in this study was constructed through the applied steady Reynolds-Average Navier-Stokes (RANS) with K-epsilon (k-ε) turbulence model. It is integrated with the standalone building model with a roof overhang structure represented in LoD2.3 of the CityGML standard. Three wind angles have been introduced to allow for variation in the analysis of pedestrian wind comfort: 0°, 15°, and 30° wind angles. Through the observation of multiple locations, which are directed beneath the roof overhang structure, the highest wind velocity is recorded in 0° wind angles compared to 15° and 30° wind angles. Thus, from these recorded values, pedestrian wind comfort is based on the Beaufort wind scale (BWS). The computed average recorded values show that 3.24 m/s corresponds to a wind angle of 0°, 2.761 m/s for 15°, and 2.415 m/s for 30°, which shows that all these values fall in BWS Scale 2. Thus, these areas experience a light breeze. However, the lowest value from a 30-degree environment presents the most reposeful surrounding.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Different Wind Angles on Pedestrian Wind Comfort in 3d Space

Ridzuan,

Ujang,

Azri

et al. 2023

Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci.

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“…This is due to the building that exists as a blockage to interfere with the flow movement [19]. Low velocity produces an area with development of recirculation [20]. The continuation from this area is the area with a slightly higher velocity value, which is in the range of 1.0 to 1.5 m/s.…”

Section: Figure 5 Wind Simulation Influenced By 3d Urbanized City Bui...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the influence of 3D building models on pedestrian wind comfort through wind computational fluid dynamics analysis

Ridzuan,

Ujang

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Wind flow plays a crucial role in determining pedestrian comfortability in the surrounding environment. However, the shape and detailing of buildings, as well as the angle of the wind, can manipulate the wind flow patterns and velocity. Different urbanized areas have different building shapes and detailing, which can lead to diverse wind flow patterns and velocities, affecting pedestrian wind comfort (PWC). This study utilized wind Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technique to investigate the influence of building models on wind velocity and its impact on PWC. The CFD simulation integrated with a 3D urbanized building model provided wind velocity values throughout the study area, which were used to analyze wind comfort at 1.75m elevation based on Beaufort wind force criteria. The study found that diverse effects due to different building detailing were observed, leading to multiple flow patterns and changes in wind velocity. The downstream building recorded a lower velocity value than the upstream building mainly because of wind flow separation from the building frontal. Wind comfort levels were represented using the Beaufort wind force scale (BWS), and all values fell in level 2 and 3, indicating good wind comfort level because of the BWS ≤ 3. This study highlights the significance of building models in determining wind flow patterns and velocity, which ultimately impacts PWC. Despite the study area involving multiple buildings with different shapes and detailing, the wind comfort levels were found to be suitable for pedestrians.

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“…Among the studies investigated in this review, SRANS is broadly Fig. 1 CFD applications in PLW studies published in recent 5 years applied to investigate PLW flow fields in different urban settings, ranging from an isolated building (Huang et al, 2021;Jia et al, 2021;van Druenen et al, 2019;Weerasuriya et al, 2018;Zhang, Yang, et al, 2021) to more complex geometries such as building arrays (Allegrini & Carmeliet, 2017;Hang, Chen, et al, 2018;Hang, Xian, et al, 2018;Lin et al, 2019;Sattar et al, 2018;Sha et al, 2018), generic street canyons (Liu et al, 2021;Sun & Zhang, 2018;Wen & Malki-Epshtein, 2018;Yang et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2019;Zhang, Chen, et al, 2020), and realistic urban areas (Ricci et al, 2020;Santiago et al, 2021;Sousa & Gorle, 2019;Tsichritzis & Nikolopoulou, 2019;Vervoort et al, 2019).…”

Section: Turbulence Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in modeling turbulent wind flow at pedestrian-level in the built environment

Zhong

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2022

ARIN

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Pressing problems in urban ventilation and thermal comfort affecting pedestrians related to current urban development and densification are increasingly dealt with from the perspective of climate change adaptation strategies. In recent research efforts, the prime objective is to accurately assess pedestrian-level wind (PLW) environments by using different simulation approaches that have reasonable computational time. This review aims to provide insights into the most recent PLW studies that use both established and data-driven simulation approaches during the last 5 years, covering 215 articles using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and typical data-driven models. We observe that steady-state Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (SRANS) simulations are still the most dominantly used approach. Due to the model uncertainty embedded in the SRANS approach, a sensitivity test is recommended as a remedial measure for using SRANS. Another noted thriving trend is conducting unsteady-state simulations using high-efficiency methods. Specifically, both the massively parallelized large-eddy simulation (LES) and hybrid LES-RANS offer high computational efficiency and accuracy. While data-driven models are in general believed to be more computationally efficient in predicting PLW dynamics, they in fact still call for substantial computational resources and efforts if the time for development, training and validation of a data-driven model is taken into account. The synthesized understanding of these modeling approaches is expected to facilitate the choosing of proper simulation approaches for PLW environment studies, to ultimately serving urban planning and building designs with respect to pedestrian comfort and urban ventilation assessment.

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Wind-Induced Air-Flow Patterns in an Urban Setting: Observations and Numerical Modeling

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Influence of Different Wind Angles on Pedestrian Wind Comfort in 3d Space

Influence of Different Wind Angles on Pedestrian Wind Comfort in 3d Space

Investigating the influence of 3D building models on pedestrian wind comfort through wind computational fluid dynamics analysis

Recent advances in modeling turbulent wind flow at pedestrian-level in the built environment

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