Winchmore and the long-term trials: the early history

Rickard, D. S.; Moss, R. A.

doi:10.1080/00288233.2012.662157

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Its history is given by Rickard & Moss (2012). Briefly, the trial is located on a Lismore stony silt loam soil (Pallic Orthic Brown soil; Hewitt 1998) situated on the Winchmore Irrigation Research Station (171848?E; 43847?S) in mid-Canterbury, New Zealand.…”

Section: Trial Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The trial was initiated in 1952 to investigate the effect of different rates of SSP on grazed pasture irrigated by the borderstrip method (Taylor 1981). Details of the cultivation and pasture establishment are given elsewhere (Rickard & Moss 2012) Treatments and trial design The trial design included four replicates of five treatments in a randomised block design. Plots (0.09 ha) within a treatment were grazed by separate mobs of sheep that rotated between the replicates during the SeptemberÁMay growing season.…”

Section: Trial Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These occurred in 1954 and 1984 (Rickard & McBride 1987) and latterly in 2007and 2008. Between 1952and 1958, the trial evaluated the effects of five different SSP treatments (Rickard & Moss 2012) initially applied in autumn, but in later years applied in late winter (Rickard and McBride 1987;Nguyen et al 1989). From 1958 to 1980, SSP applications were stopped to the 564 and one half of the 376 kg SSP ha…”

Section: Trial Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Superphosphate quality has varied over the years, but has typically been 9.0% P and 11.0% S. However, from the late 1960s to the late 1970s, the product applied was 'Flowmaster Super' with a registered total P content of 8) (Rickard & Moss 2012).…”

Section: Trial Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

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Pasture production from a long-term fertiliser trial under irrigation

Smith

Moss

Morton³

et al. 2012

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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New Zealand pastoral farming has benefited greatly from the application of phosphorus (P) and sulphur (S) fertilisers supplied in the main by superphosphate (SSP). The long-term fertiliser trial at Winchmore, mid-Canterbury, New Zealand was set up in 1952 and has yielded a wealth of data on the effect of fertiliser, grazing by sheep and flood irrigation on pasture production. The trial was initially (1952Á1958) designed to measure the effect of no fertiliser and SSP applied each year at 188, 376 and 564 kg ha . The cessation of fertiliser decreased clover content and increased the proportion of weeds and low-fertility grasses. The decline in production once fertiliser application ceased followed a curvilinear pattern, but never reached the low production of the no fertiliser treatments even after 20 years. In 1980, the residual treatments were changed to compare a reactive phosphate rock (RPR)/S treatment as well as an intermediate (250 kg (1 y (1 treatments have shown that without any nitrogen fertiliser, ryegrass and clover will persist in irrigated pastures and result in high levels of pasture production (11Á12 t ha

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Section: Trial Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trial Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trial Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Trial Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Pasture production from a long-term fertiliser trial under irrigation

Smith

Moss

Morton³

et al. 2012

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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“…Since their establishment over 60 years ago, data from the trials have been used in nearly 500 publications (Cousins & McDowell 2012). However, as shown by Rickard & Moss (2012), this is only a partial measure of the trials' value. More poignant measures include recognition of the role Winchmore played in establishing dairying in Canterbury, the importance of phosphorus (P) and sulphur (S) to soil fertility, and the establishment and management of irrigation systems that underpin much of the rural economy in Canterbury.…”

Section: Editorial the Winchmore Trialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Winchmore Trials

McDowell

Smith

2012

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Changes in soil cadmium concentrations with time following cessation of phosphorus fertilizer inputs

et al. 2020

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Cadmium (Cd) can accumulate in soil from the application of phosphorus fertilizer. However, there is little information on what happens to soil Cd concentrations when Cd inputs stop. This study used soil and pasture samples collected from a long‐term field trial to measure changes in Cd concentrations in soil for 22 yr after Cd inputs from fertilizer had stopped and assessed whether the application of nitrogen (N) (50 kg ha−1 yr−1) could increase plant uptake of Cd and reduce soil Cd concentrations. It was found that there was no significant change in total or labile soil Cd (1 M CaCl2 extractable) concentrations after Cd inputs stopped. The application of N did not significantly (P < .05) increase dry matter yield or increase Cd solubility. As a result, N did not enhance plant uptake of Cd. A mass balance that included Cd loss via plant uptake and Cd leaching confirmed they were insufficient to result in a detectable decrease in soil Cd concentration over the 22‐yr interval of the trial. It appears that even an acid soil with low amounts of carbon (2.67%), iron/aluminum oxides, and clay can still strongly retain Cd, preventing Cd depletion from the soil, despite stopping Cd inputs and trying to enhance plant uptake of Cd from the application of N fertilizer.

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Winchmore and the long-term trials: the early history

Cited by 18 publications

References 1 publication

Pasture production from a long-term fertiliser trial under irrigation

Pasture production from a long-term fertiliser trial under irrigation

The Winchmore Trials

Changes in soil cadmium concentrations with time following cessation of phosphorus fertilizer inputs

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