Willingness To Pay Konsumen Pengguna Air Di Sub-Das Kali Dendeng – Kota Kupang

Abstract

Global awareness towards climate change has been a serious concern for archipelago countries due to water shortage. This problem even causes more serious life-threating phenomenon because water is one of the main resources for energy circulation. Whether change anomalies have brought about impacts on seasonal shift on several islands of Indonesia, including those in East Nusa Tenggara province. These islands experience drought. Fresh water availability for industry and domestic use in cities like Kupang has been a serious problem. This issue becomes worse in recent years due to significant increase of city population. Public responsibility to maintain natural environment and resources is therefore required. This study tries to investigate public concerns over the water shortage issue in order (1) to know to what extent public is willing to pay their consumption of fresh water provided through Sub-DAS Kali Dendeng; and (2) to analyze factors that influence the willingness of the fresh water consumers to pay for environment services provided at Sub-DAS Kali Dendeng. Quantitative approach which relies on primary and secondary data gathered through interview and field observation is applied in this study. The data were analyzed by using Dichotomous Choice CVM, Turnbull Method, and Logistic Regression to find out WTP value. The results of this analysis are described within the environmental science perspective to find out the relationship among various factors for being water consumer responsibility towards water resources preservation at Sub-DAS Kali Dendeng in Kupang. The results of the analysis show that the willingness to pay for fresh water by consumer at Kelurahan Manutapen, Mantasi dan Airmata is significantly high. They are willing to pay between Rp. 3.362 to Rp.11.328 according to WTP calculation. This amount is much higher than that determined by the city freshwater supplier company (PDAM). The facts for the reason why the consumers are willing to pay for higher amount for fresh water supply are determined by several factors; they include bidding value, consumer’s level of education, consumer’s income, water quality, and the amount of the family members. These factors simultaneously influence the water consumer willingness to pay for the water they consume; and this willingness factor has significantly high impacts as seen in Negelkerke R. Square value at 0,600, or being comparable to 60%; meaning that various factors of 60% in Y are able to explain all free variable in X. Respondents for this study are those who use fresh water supplied from Sub-DAS Kali Dendeng, and those who reside around the Sub-DAS Kali Dendeng. It is believed that there must be more citizens around the Sub-DAS Kali Dendeng, who also contribute negative impact toward the ecological environmental change, yet these individuals have no direct responsibility, and therefore the responsibility for the environmental conservation examined trough this study might not be thoroughly measured by the amount of WTP they pay.

Evaluasi Kualitas Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Kali Dendeng Menggunakan Metode Indeks Pencemaran

“…Peningkatan jumlah penduduk tersebut mempengaruhi pemenuhan kebutuhan pelayanan air bersih yang cukup untuk masyarakat Kota Kupang [1]. Menurut Theodolfi dan Waangsir (2014) yang memproyeksikan bahwa kebutuhan air bersih masyarakat Kota Kupang pada tahun 2030 dapat mencapai 685,9 L/detik maka pemerintah Kota Kupang [2] sebagai regulator perlu secara tegas melakukan pelestarian untuk menjaga kualitas dan kuantitas sumber mata air yang digunakan sebagai pemasok sumber air baku Kota Kupang tersebut [3].…”

“…Sungai Kali Dendang merupakan sumber daya air yang berperan penting bagi masyarakat Kota Kupang karena digunakan sebagai pemasok atau bahan baku air bersih terbesar untuk PDAM Kota Kupang. Sungai Kali Dendeng adalah induk dari beberapa anak kali yaitu Kali Sembunyi, Kali Air Nona, Kali Bakunase, Kali Mapoli dan Kali Kapadala [4] dan memiliki luas daerah aliran sungai sebesar 47,73 km 2 dengan panjang 11,8 km dan melintasi 3 kecamatan di Kota Kupang tersebut, memiliki kapasitas produksi 50 L/detik [3]. Kualitas sungai sangat menentukan kelangsungan biota dan manusia yang memanfaatkan secara langsung [5].…”