Willingness to Pay for Social Health Insurance and Associated Factors among Health Care Providers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Mekonne, Abel; Seifu, Benyam; Hailu, Chernet; Atomsa, Alemayehu

doi:10.1155/2020/8412957

Cited by 21 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This could be due to the difference in socio-demographic characteristics of study participants. But this study finding was slightly higher than other studies done in Ethiopia, Tigray region (35.5%) [ 24 ], and Addis Ababa city (28.7%, 17%) [ 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

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Willingness to Pay for Social Health Insurance and Its Predictors among Government Employees in Mujja Town, Ethiopia

Degie

Ambelie

Gelaw

et al. 2021

The Scientific World Journal

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Background. Social health insurance is one of the possible organizational mechanisms for raising and pooling funds to finance health services, private health insurance, community insurance, and others. Objective. The study was aimed to assess willingness to pay for social health insurance and associated factors among government employees in Mujja town, Ethiopia. Methods. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on the total sample size of 375 study respondents. A simple random sampling technique was employed. Data were entered into EPI info 7 and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors by controlling confounding variables. Statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05 . Results. This study revealed that 37.6% (95% CI: 33.1%, 42.61%) respondents were willing to pay for social health insurance. In the final model, respondents who ever heard about health insurance schemes were seven times (AOR = 7.205; 95% CI: 1.385, 37.475) more likely willing to pay for social health insurance. Thos who had history of difficulty and having other source to cover medical bills were 92.6% (AOR = 0.074; 95% CI: 0.009, 0.612) and 94.6% (AOR = 0.054; 95% CI: 0.011, 0.257) less likely to pay, respectively. Conclusions. Willingness to pay for social health insurance was low. Being heard about health insurance, history of difficulty, and having other sources to cover medical bills were associated factors. Thus, it is recommended that media promotion and these factors should be considered for the successful implementation of the scheme.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

“…This maybe due to their medical cost being already covered and they consider it as extra cost [ 19 , 20 ]. This study might be also due to their higher income from other sources, which makes them able to cover their medical expense OOP money and by other sources [ 23 , 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Willingness to Pay for Social Health Insurance and Its Predictors among Government Employees in Mujja Town, Ethiopia

Degie

Ambelie

Gelaw

et al. 2021

The Scientific World Journal

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“…‘Ability to pay’ (ATP) and ‘willingness to pay’ (WTP) are economic concepts that have wide use in the valuation of healthcare [ 8 , 9 ]. In recent years, both ATP and WTP have been studied in a variety of low- and middle-income countries who are introducing a form a social health insurance, including Ghana, Nigeria, Laos, Pakistan, Ethiopia and Uganda [ 10 – 16 ]. A comparative study hasn’t been performed in Indonesia, where JKN constitutes the largest social health insurance programme in the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why did informal sector workers stop paying for health insurance in Indonesia? Exploring enrollees’ ability and willingness to pay

et al. 2021

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Indonesia faces a growing informal sector in the wake of implementing a national social health insurance system—Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN)—that supersedes the vertical programmes historically tied to informal employment. Sustainably financing coverage for informal workers requires incentivising enrolment for those never insured and recovering enrolment among those who once paid but no longer do so. This study aims to assess the ability- and willingness-to-pay of informal sector workers who have stopped paying the JKN premium for at least six months, across districts of different fiscal capacity, and explore which factors shaped their willingness and ability to pay using qualitative interviews. Surveys were conducted for 1,709 respondents in 2016, and found that informal workers’ average ability and willingness to pay fell below the national health insurance scheme’s premium amount, even as many currently spend more than this on healthcare costs. There were large groups for whom the costs of the premium were prohibitive (38%) or, alternatively, they were both technically willing and able to pay (25%). As all individuals in the sample had once paid for insurance, their main reasons for lapsing were based on the uncertain income of informal workers and their changing needs. The study recommends a combination of strategies of targeting of subsidies, progressive premium setting, facilitating payment collection, incentivising insurance package upgrades and socialising the benefits of health insurance in informal worker communities.

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“…Majority of these studies report a high rate of willingness to willingness to participate and pay for health insurance, ranging from (25,(27)(28)(29). However, there are also studies reporting low willingness to pay among respondents (30,31). Similarly a study carried out among health professionals in Ethiopia reported a 28.7% willingness to participate rate (31).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are also studies reporting low willingness to pay among respondents (30,31). Similarly a study carried out among health professionals in Ethiopia reported a 28.7% willingness to participate rate (31).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Willingness to Pay for a Contributory Social Health Insurance Scheme: A Survey of Rural Residents in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Akwaowo

Umoh

Motilewa

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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Background: Health insurance is seen as a pathway to achieving Universal health coverage in low- and middle-income countries. The Nigeria Government has mandated states to set up social health insurance as a mechanism to offer financial protection to her citizens. However, the design of these schemes has been left to individual states. In preparation for the set-up of a contributory social health insurance scheme in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. This study assesses the willingness-to-pay for a social health insurance among rural residents in the state.Methods: The study was conducted in three local government areas in Akwa Ibom State, South south Nigeria. It was a cross-sectional study with multi-stage data collection using a demand questionnaire. Interviews were conducted with 286 household heads who were bread winners. Contingent valuation using iterative bidding with double bounded dichotomous technique was used to elicit the WTP for health insurance. Multiple regression using least square method was used to create a model for predicting WTP.Findings: About 82% of the household heads were willing to pay insurance premiums for their households. The median WTP for insurance premium was 11,142 Naira ($29), 95% CI: 9,599–12,684 Naira ($25–$33) per annum. The respondents were predominantly middle-aged (46.8%), Ibibio men (71.7%) with an average household size of five persons and bread winners who had secondary education (43.0%) and were mainly pentecostals (51.5%). The mean age of respondents was 46.4 ± 14.5 yrs. The two significant predictors of WTP for insurance premium amongst these rural residents were income of breadwinner (accounts for 79%) and size of household (2%). The regression coefficients for predicting WTP for insurance premium are intercept of 2,419, a slope of 0.1763 for Bread winner income and a slope of 741.5 household size, all values in Naira and kobo.Conclusion: Majority of rural residents in Akwa Ibom State were willing to pay for social health insurance. The amount they were willing to pay was significantly determined by the income of the breadwinner of the household and the size of the family. These findings are relevant to designing a contributory social health insurance scheme that is affordable and sustainable in order to ensure universal health coverage for the citizens.

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Willingness to Pay for Social Health Insurance and Associated Factors among Health Care Providers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Cited by 21 publications

References 11 publications

Willingness to Pay for Social Health Insurance and Its Predictors among Government Employees in Mujja Town, Ethiopia

Willingness to Pay for Social Health Insurance and Its Predictors among Government Employees in Mujja Town, Ethiopia

Why did informal sector workers stop paying for health insurance in Indonesia? Exploring enrollees’ ability and willingness to pay

Willingness to Pay for a Contributory Social Health Insurance Scheme: A Survey of Rural Residents in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

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