Willingness-to-pay for a hypothetical Ebola vaccine in Indonesia: A cross-sectional study in Aceh

Abstract

Background: Some Ebola vaccines have been developed and tested in phase III clinical trials. However, assessment of whether public have willingness to purchase or not, especially in unaffected areas, is lacking. The aim of this study was to determine willingness to pay (WTP) for a hypothetical Ebola vaccine in Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 August to 30 December 2015 in five cities in Aceh province of Indonesia. Patients’ family members who visited outpatient departments were approached and interviewed about their sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge of Ebola, attitude towards vaccination practice and their WTP for a hypothetical Ebola vaccine. A multivariable linear regression model assessed the relationship between these explanatory variables and WTP. Results: During the study, 500 participants were approached and interviewed. There were 424 (84.8%) respondents who completed the interview and 74% (311/424) expressed their acceptance for an Ebola vaccine. There were 288 participants who were willing to pay for an Ebola vaccine (92.6% out of 311). The mean of WTP was US$2.08 (95% CI: 1.75-2.42). The final multivariable model indicated that young age, high educational attainment, working as a private employee, entrepreneur or civil servant (compared to farmers), being unmarried, and residing in a suburb (compared to a city) were associated with higher WTP. Conclusions: Although the proportion of the participants who would accept the Ebola vaccine was relatively high, the amount they were willing to pay for Ebola vaccine was very low. This finding would indicate the need of subsidies for Ebola vaccine in the country.

Mothers’ willingness to accept and pay for vaccines to their children in western Iran: a contingent valuation study

“…Our findings revealed a higher proportion of WTP and a lower proportion of unwilling mothers to pay for the vaccines to their children (93.1% vs. 3.0%) than the corresponding values (88% vs. 55%) reported from a study in Nigeria [26]. Besides, the mean WTP value in our study is lower than that reported for a hypothetical vaccine in Malaysia [27] and higher than the mean value (US$ 2.08) reported for the Ebola vaccine elsewhere [28]. The WTP of mothers for the Human Papillomavirus vaccine to their daughters (US$ 208) [29] was more than 48 times the mothers' mean WTP value (US$ 4.3) for the vaccines to their children in our study.…”

Acceptance of a COVID-19 Vaccine in Southeast Asia: A Cross-Sectional Study in Indonesia

“…Indonesia is a middle-income country with relatively low vaccine coverage and high vaccine hesitancy ( 18 – 20 ). Some studies have been conducted to assess acceptance on new vaccines against emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases in southeast Asia, such as for dengue ( 21 – 25 ), Zika ( 26 ), and Ebola ( 27 ). No study has been conducted on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in the region.…”

Willingness to Pay for a Coronavirus Vaccine and Its Associated Determinants in Lebanon

“…Published by Elsevier Inc. to pay (WTP) studies, can help governments and care providers to consider different factors such as socioeconomic class and healthcare service quality to implement an affordable and effective health system for patients. 21,22 Different studies were conducted to estimate WTP for a hypothetical dengue vaccine in Malaysia 23 and Southeast Asia Region 24 and cholera vaccine and Ebola vaccine in Bangladesh 25 and Indonesia, 26 respectively. Taking into consideration the enormous amount of money spent to create a vaccine and the commercial background of most of the companies working on the vaccine, many studies were conducted to test peoples' WTP for the COVID-19 hypothetical vaccine such as in Chile, 27 Romania, 28 Indonesia, 29 Malaysia, 30 United Arab Emirates, 31 Ecuador, 32 and the United States.…”