Will the COVID‐19 pandemic trigger future occurrence of autoimmunity like Sjögren’s syndrome?

Masuko, Kayo

doi:10.1111/1756-185x.14154

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This issue is interesting, as it was recently demonstrated through post-mortem biopsies of patients with COVID-19 that this virus can infect the epithelial cells of the major salivary glands [ 40 ]. Thus, some authors postulate the hypothesis that SARS-CoV-2 infection could mimic or trigger pSS [ 41 ]. After immunization with Sinovac-CoronaVac vaccine, there was no induction of anti-Ro(SS-A) and anti-La(SS-B) antibodies in the pSS patients or control individuals, and low percentages of pSS patients and controls developed positive ANA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in primary Sjögren’s syndrome: humoral response, safety, and effects on disease activity

et al. 2022

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Introduction There is no study specifically focused on SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS). Objectives To assess the immunogenicity, safety, possible effects on disease activity, and autoantibody profile of the Sinovac-CoronaVac vaccine in pSS. Methods Fifty-one pSS patients and 102 sex- and age-balanced controls without autoimmune diseases were included in a prospective phase 4 trial of the Sinovac-CoronaVac vaccine (two doses 28 days apart, D0/D28). Participants were assessed in three face-to-face visits (D0/D28 and six weeks after the 2nd dose (D69)) regarding adverse effects; clinical EULAR Sjögren’s Syndrome Disease Activity Index (clinESSDAI); anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG (seroconversion (SC) and geometric mean titers (GMT)); neutralizing antibodies (NAb); and pSS autoantibody profile. Results Patients and controls had comparable female sex frequency (98.0% vs. 98.0%, p = 1.000) and mean age (53.5 ± 11.7 vs. 53.4 ± 11.4 years, p = 0.924), respectively. On D69, pSS patients presented moderate SC (67.5% vs. 93.0%, p < 0.001) and GMT (22.5 (95% CI 14.6–34.5) vs. 59.6 (95% CI 51.1–69.4) AU/mL, p < 0.001) of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG but lower than controls, and also, moderate NAb frequency (52.5% vs. 73.3%, p = 0.021) but lower than controls. Median neutralizing activity on D69 was comparable in pSS (58.6% (IQR 43.7–63.6)) and controls (64% (IQR 46.4–81.1)) ( p = 0.219). Adverse events were mild. clinESSDAI and anti-Ro(SS-A)/anti-La(SS-B) levels were stable throughout the study ( p > 0.05). Conclusion Sinovac-CoronaVac vaccine is safe in pSS, without a deleterious impact on disease activity, and has a moderate short-term humoral response, though lower than controls. Thus, a booster dose needs to be studied in these patients. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04754698. Key Points • Sinovac-CoronaVac vaccine is safe in pSS, without a detrimental effect on systemic disease activity, and has a moderate short-term humoral response • A booster dose should be considered in these patients

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in primary Sjögren’s syndrome: humoral response, safety, and effects on disease activity

et al. 2022

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“…First, it has been theorized that inflammation was one of the pathophysiological links between uveitis and COVID‐19 patients. More specifically, molecular mimicry between COVID‐19 viral particles and intraocular self‐antigens is a possible mechanism for uveitis formation 12 . Mediators for this inflammatory reaction require autoreactive immunoglobulins (see Supporting Information: Figure ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The risk assessment of uveitis after COVID‐19 diagnosis: A multicenter population‐based study

Hsia,

Hsu,

Wang

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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Reports on uveitis after COVID‐19 have been limited. Our objective was to examine the risk of uveitis among COVID‐19 patients. This was a retrospective cohort study based on the TriNetX platform. The exposure group was patients with positive laboratory test result for SARS‐CoV‐2 and the comparison group was those tested negative for COVID‐19 throughout the study period. The endpoint is the new diagnoses of uveitis. This study composed of 2 105 424 patients diagnosed with COVID‐19 (55.4% female; 62.5% white; mean age at index 40.7 years) and 2 105 424 patients (55.4% female; 62.4% white; mean age at index 40.7 years) who never had COVID‐19. There was significantly increased risk of new diagnosis of uveitis since the first month after diagnosis of COVID‐19 compared with matched controls (HR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.03–1.34) up to 24 months (HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09–1.22). Our findings strengthen those previously raised by case series with a larger and multicenter study. We found that uveitis was significantly associated with COVID‐19 infection. Our findings reiterate the need for careful investigation as well as increased awareness from ophthalmologists in considering the possibility of COVID‐19 in vulnerable patients with new presentation of uveitis.

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COVID-19 infection: a possible induction factor for development of autoimmune diseases?

Saeedi,

Gohari,

Ghalibaf

et al. 2023

Immunol Res

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Will the COVID‐19 pandemic trigger future occurrence of autoimmunity like Sjögren’s syndrome?

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in primary Sjögren’s syndrome: humoral response, safety, and effects on disease activity

Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in primary Sjögren’s syndrome: humoral response, safety, and effects on disease activity

The risk assessment of uveitis after COVID‐19 diagnosis: A multicenter population‐based study

COVID-19 infection: a possible induction factor for development of autoimmune diseases?

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