Will Greeks Cycle? Exploring Intention and Attitudes in the Case of the New Bicycle Network of Patras

Milakis, Dimitris

doi:10.1080/15568318.2013.770586

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Moreover, enhanced road safety might also improve (the perception of) the safety of bicycling and subsequently positively influence cycle use, especially among the more vulnerable cycling groups (e.g. the elderly, children, and women; see Xing, Handy, & Mokhtarian, 2010;Milakis, 2015). Fagnant and Kockelman (2015) estimated a 26% increase of system-wide vehicle miles traveled (VMT) using a 90% market penetration rate of automated vehicles.…”

Section: Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Policy and society related implications of automated driving: A review of literature and directions for future research

Milakis

Arem

Wee

2017

Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems

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383

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KEYWORDSautomated driving; first, second, and third order impacts; policy and societal implications; ripple effect ABSTRACTIn this paper, the potential effects of automated driving that are relevant to policy and society are explored, findings discussed in literature about those effects are reviewed and areas for future research are identified. The structure of our review is based on the ripple effect concept, which represents the implications of automated vehicles at three different stages: first-order (traffic, travel cost, and travel choices), second-order (vehicle ownership and sharing, location choices and land use, and transport infrastructure), and third-order (energy consumption, air pollution, safety, social equity, economy, and public health). Our review shows that first-order impacts on road capacity, fuel efficiency, emissions, and accidents risk are expected to be beneficial. The magnitude of these benefits will likely increase with the level of automation and cooperation and with the penetration rate of these systems. The synergistic effects between vehicle automation, sharing, and electrification can multiply these benefits. However, studies confirm that automated vehicles can induce additional travel demand because of more and longer vehicle trips. Potential land use changes have not been included in these estimations about excessive travel demand. Other third-order benefits on safety, economy, public health and social equity still remain unclear. Therefore, the balance between the short-term benefits and long-term impacts of vehicle automation remains an open question.

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Section: Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Policy and society related implications of automated driving: A review of literature and directions for future research

Milakis

Arem

Wee

2017

Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems

Self Cite

712

383

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cars and motorcycles were less preferred modes (Table 2). Fewer residents preferred Sustainability 2018, 10, 268 6 of 18 moving with public transportation for their needs; in large Greek cities, travel choices are still primarily oriented toward cars and motorcycles [14]. By contrast, in megacities like Sao Paolo, Brazil, the mean distance of the daily cycling trips was 3.8 km [63].…”

Section: Distance Of the Trip And Modes Of Transportationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cycling as a Smart and Green Mode of Transport in Small Touristic Cities

et al. 2018

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Abstract:Cycling as a mode of transport is a low-cost, health-improving way to travel and offers environmental benefits for the cities that promote it. It is only recently, though, with concerns over climate change, pollution, congestion, and obesity among others, that have cities throughout the world have begun to implement policies to promote cycling. In Greece, however, the use of the bicycle is limited. In Preveza, a small touristic city in Northwestern Greece where the use of the bicycle is prominent when compared to other Greek cities, there are efforts to promote cycling. Through the aid of a structured questionnaire, the residents evaluated the suitability of the city for cycling, the existing infrastructure, appropriate education, and behavior of cyclists and drivers. More than half of the residents use bicycles as their transportation and stated that bicycles are an inexpensive way of transport in the city and had the opinion that the state should encourage bicycle use by supporting subvention in bicycle acquisition. Two-thirds of the residents evaluated the cycling facilities of their city as adequate, but unsafe for young cyclists who do not follow the rules of transport. Adult cyclists, in contrast, were more loyal to the code, but stated that drivers did not respect their presence on the roads. This research provides important information on the perceived shortcomings of cycling as a transport mode in Preveza that may be of interest to towns/cities with similar characteristics.

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“…It seems that in contexts where transport infrastructures are not adequately developed, like Greece, low safety levels for cycling as well as difficulties in public transportation access can influence the extent of bicycle use and walking. According to a recent study, lack of cycling infrastructures is considered by Greeks as one of the main inhibitors of bicycle use especially among women and older age groups [33]. The built environment component of accessibility was found to be important as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Built Environment, Travel Attitudes and Travel Behaviour: Quasi-Longitudinal Analysis of Links in the Case of Greeks Relocating from US to Greece

2017

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In this study, the possible causal links between the built environment, travel attitudes and travel behaviour of people that have moved between totally different urban and transportation contexts were investigated. A quasi-longitudinal design was developed to collect data about the perceived neighbourhood characteristics, neighbourhood preferences, travel attitudes and changes in car, walking and bicycle usage of 51 Greeks who relocated from the US to Greece. Variable reduction techniques were applied prior to developing our models because of the small sample size. The results of this study offer support for a causal relationship between the built environment and travel behaviour identified in the existing literature. For instance, longer travel time to city center was associated with higher car use, higher density neighbourhoods and increased accessibility to local amenities were associated with increased bike use and better access to a district shopping center was associated with more walking after relocation. Our results also showed that in contexts like Greece, where transport infrastructures are not adequately developed, lack of safe bike conditions and easy access to public transportation are important determinants of bicycle use and walking. Thus, according to our results, promoting sustainable mobility in contexts like Greece would require not only enhancing accessibility through relocation of activities, but also by improving infrastructures for public transport, bicycle and walking.

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Will Greeks Cycle? Exploring Intention and Attitudes in the Case of the New Bicycle Network of Patras

Cited by 18 publications

References 57 publications

Policy and society related implications of automated driving: A review of literature and directions for future research

Policy and society related implications of automated driving: A review of literature and directions for future research

Cycling as a Smart and Green Mode of Transport in Small Touristic Cities

Built Environment, Travel Attitudes and Travel Behaviour: Quasi-Longitudinal Analysis of Links in the Case of Greeks Relocating from US to Greece

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