Wildlife Toxicity Assessment for Picric Acid (2,4,6-Trinitrophenol)

Hebert, Rachel M.; Jackovitz, Allison M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800020-5.00015-6

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…While OH-auxochromes, neighboring carboxyl groups, form metallizable dyes. Table 8 below lists some chemical structures of diphenylmethane and triphenylmethane dyes [38, 39].…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Textile finishing dyes and their impact on aquatic environs

Berradi

Hsissou

Khudhair

et al. 2019

Heliyon

589

208

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In the present review, we have been able to describe the different families of dyes and pigments used in textile finishing processes (Yarns, fabrics, nonwovens, knits and rugs) such as dyeing and printing. These dyes are reactive, direct, dispersed, indigo, sulphur and vats. Such that their presence in the liquid effluents resulting from the textile washing constitutes a serious risk, in the absence of their purification, for the quality of receiving aquatic environments. Indeed, the presence of these dyes and pigments can cause a significant alteration in the ecological conditions of the aquatic fauna and flora, because of the lack of their biodegradability. This has a negative impact on the equilibrium of the aquatic environment by causing serious dangers, namely the obvious dangers (Eutrophication, under-oxygenation, color, turbidity and odor), the long-term dangers (Persistence, bioaccumulation of carcinogenic aromatic products and formation of by-products of chlorination), mutagenicity and carcinogenicity.

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“…While OH-auxochromes, neighboring carboxyl groups, form metallizable dyes. Table 8 below lists some chemical structures of diphenylmethane and triphenylmethane dyes [38, 39].…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Textile finishing dyes and their impact on aquatic environs

Berradi

Hsissou

Khudhair

et al. 2019

Heliyon

589

208

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“…[2] Though explosive, PA was extensively used in dye, pharmaceutical and leather industries as well as for manufacturing electric batteries, and rocket fuel. [3] PA exhibits excellent water solubility with moderate vapour pressure along with lower degradability. So extensive use of PA causes water and soil contamination which leads to severe health problems like cancer, anaemia, eye irritation (pain, redness, and yellow vision), nausea, and headache as well as high doses may lead to the destruction of red blood cells (RBCs) along with kidney and liver malfunction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetraphenylethylene Based Fluorescent Chemosensor for the Selective Detection of Explosive Nitroaromatic Compounds

Mirgane

Gosavi³

et al. 2023

ChemistrySelect

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Herein, we have reported a tetraphenylethylene (TPE) based fluorescent chemosensor 4,4′,4′′,4′′′‐(ethene‐1,1,2,2‐tetrayl)tetrakis(N,N‐dimethylaniline) (TPE‐DMA) for the selective detection of explosive nitroaromatic compounds (NACs), such as 2, 4, 6‐trinitrophenol also called as picric acid (PA), 2,4‐dinitrophenol (DNP), and p‐nitrophenol (NP) over other NACs in CHCl3. TPE‐DMA is highly selective and sensitive toward PA in presence of various metal ions and anions. The quenching efficiency can be calculated from the Stern‐Volmer equation and was found to be 4.02×104 M−1, 1.82×104 M−1and 3.12×104 M−1 respectively for PA, DNP and NP. The detection limit of TPE‐DMA towards PA, DNP and NP of about 4.088×10−6 M, 5.155×10−6 M and 3.989×10−6 M respectively. Furthermore, to study the practical applicability of TPE‐DMA, visual‐eye detection was performed not only in solid‐state on TLC plates but also in solution state in CHCl3 under visible light as well as UV light illumination.

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“…3 It is also employed as rocket fuel, a component in matches and batteries, and a sensitizer in photographic emulsions. 4 It is a chemical intermediate in producing picramic acid 5 and chloropicrin. 6 Due to phenol and nitro functionalities, 7 it possesses potential health hazards, such as skin and eye irritation, respiratory system damage, 8 and liver/kidney malfunction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%