Wildfire succession in plant communities natural to the Alkali Creek vicinity, Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge, Montana

Cooper, Stephen V.; Jean, Catherine.; Fish, U.S.

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.54384

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Pinyon-juniper woodlands Downy brome, Japanese brome, musk thistle, prickly lettuce, Russian-thistle, tumble mustard, yellow alyssum Dwyer and Pieper (1967), Ott et al Barney and Frischknecht (1974), Erdman (1970), Floyd et al (2006), Koniak (1985), Shinneman and Baker (2009) Ponderosa pine forest Bull thistle, common mullein, horseweed, Dalmatian toadflax, downy brome, field bindweed, Japanese brome, redstem filaree, Scotch thistle, tall wheatgrass, western salsify, white clover Barclay et al (2004), Cooper and Jean (2001), Crawford et al (2001), Dodge & Fulé(2008), Freeman et al (2007), Griffis et al (2001), Keeley (2004), Keeley et al (2003), Kuenzi et al (2008), Laughlin et al (2004), Merrill et al (1980), Pearson et al Desert Shrublands. Postfire Responses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Postfire Responses. In ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa C. Lawson) forests, high-severity fire was related to short-term increases in the richness and abundance of nonnative forb species, but not nonnative graminoid species (Griffis et al 2001); increases in nonnative plant species richness and abundance (Crawford et al 2001); increases in nonnative species richness and cover and decreases in native cover (Freeman et al 2007); and increases in Japanese brome and other nonnative plant species (Cooper and Jean 2001). Barclay et al (2004) recorded that the greatest increase of all nonnative plant cover at 2 yr postfire was from the horseweed [Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.].…”

Section: Anthropogenic Disturbances and Management Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common, nonnative graminoids found after wildfires in ponderosa pine forests were the annual grasses downy brome or Japanese brome or both (Cooper and Jean 2001;Crawford et al 2001;Dodge and Fulé 2008;Huisinga et al 2005;Merrill et al 1980). On the North Rim of the Grand Canyon (Arizona), a comparison of oldgrowth ponderosa pine forest that had experienced longterm fire exclusion with a broad range of ponderosa pine reference sites evaluated both before and after low-severity fire showed that the percentage of native species did not change (,93 to 94%) over time or between sites (Laughlin et al 2004).…”

Section: Anthropogenic Disturbances and Management Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reviewing the Role of Wildfire on the Occurrence and Spread of Invasive Plant Species in Wildland Areas of the Intermountain Western United States

Rew

Johnson

2010

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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Fire is unlikely to be a simple, deterministic process that will result in increased rates of invasion by nonnative plants. Relative dominance of nonnative plants at any postfire site likely results from a combination of factors, including propagule pressure (aboveground and belowground), time since invasion, interspecific competition, disturbance history, rainfall patterns, soil nutrients, environmental heterogeneity, land use, plus the actual fire dynamics. Consequently, the role different factors play in nonnative plant invasion is still relatively unexplained, and the possibility that wildfire may promote nonnative plant species remains a concern. Our aim was to evaluate the state of knowledge concerning how nonnative plant species establish, survive, and spread following wildfire in wildland areas for the main vegetation types of the Intermountain West. Although the particular invading species varied with vegetation type, the most frequently reported species were annual grasses (e.g., downy brome [Bromus tectorum], Japanese brome [Bromus japonicus]) and long-distance, dispersing forbs (e.g., Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense], common dandelion [Taraxacum officinale], and prickly lettuce [Lactuca serriola]). Overall, many of the reviewed studies found an increase, followed by a long-term decline, in nonnative species after wildfire, particularly when other disturbances were minimal. Regardless of this finding, many people consider rapid detection and control of new, nonnative plant populations after wildfire one of the most effective management activities. That axiom may be correct, if the nonnative propagule pressure is high and the anthropogenic disturbances are frequent, but if this is not the case the question to answer is whether immediate management, including reseeding, will benefit the system or whether off-target effects could make that approach undesirable. Continued investigation and increased quantitative analysis of the complex factors that likely contribute to changes in nonnative plants dynamics following wildfire should improve our understanding of the issue and assist managers in allocating limited resources.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anthropogenic Disturbances and Management Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anthropogenic Disturbances and Management Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reviewing the Role of Wildfire on the Occurrence and Spread of Invasive Plant Species in Wildland Areas of the Intermountain Western United States

Rew

Johnson

2010

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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“…In southwestern Montana, this plant association may be a grazing disclimax (Cooper et al 1995). See Cooper and Jean (2001) for a discussion of fire succession in the very similar Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis / Elymus lanceolatus association.…”

Section: Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is especially extensive in the extreme southwestern corner of the county. Baker 1982b, Baker 1983c, Baker and Kennedy 1985 Creek Uranium Mine Application n.d., Bourgeron and Engelking 1994, Cooper and Jean 2001, Cotter-Ferguson Project n.d., DeVelice et al 1995, Driscoll et al 1984, Earth Resource Technology n.d., Ellis and Hackney 1981, Francis 1983, Hansen et al 1980, Hansen et al 1984, Hirsch 1985, Keammerer 1987, Skull Point Mine Application n.d., Skull Point Mine Permit Renewal n.d., Strong 1980, Sweetwater Uranium Project 1978, Thilenius et al 1995, Tiedemann et al 1987 ELEMENT CONCEPT Summary: This is a widespread Wyoming Big Sagebrush shrub type, extending from the western side of the Great Plains on the east to British Columbia on the west, and south as far as northern Nevada. Stands of this type occupy loamy soils (often with coarse fragments) derived from a variety of parent materials, on middle and lower slopes and in draws.…”

Section: Element Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant species of concern and plant associations of Powder River county, Montana /

Heidel¹,

Crispin²,

Jean³

et al. 2002

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County Distribution: It has only been found in two places on the Ashland District of the Custer National Forest (Heidel and Marriott 1996), and these represent the known Powder River and Rosebud records. In the course of this survey there was very little suitable habitat in the areas that were visited, so it was not found and no additional data was collected on this species and its distribution. Ecology and management considerations: This plant seems restricted to mesic microhabitats within pine woodlands, which could make it vulnerable to changes in woodland structure and composition by grazing and logging. These settings are also vulnerable to invasion of exotic species like Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis). There were fire scars among the Ponderosa pine at one of the Ashland District sites where it occurred, indicating that the species survives ground fires. Status note: Since this species is restricted to woodlands and has not been found on BLM lands in Montana, it could be dropped from BLM "Watch" status. Ceanothus herbaceous, New Jersey tea (G5, SH) County Distribution: The single collection of this species in Montana was from a "grassy, pine-covered hill" in Powder River County. There are few pine stands on BLM lands in the county, and of the few that were surveyed, none appeared to have suitable microhabitat. It is not known whether this species is restricted to pineland habitat in Montana, and we also looked for it nearby grassland habitat on BLM lands. We did not locate it, and were unable to collect any additional data on this species in the county. Ecology and management considerations: We have no information on the ecology of this plant. It has reportedly diminished elsewhere on the Great Plains (Ode, pers. comm.) Some species of Ceanothus are highly palatable to wildlife and livestock.

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Natural and land-use history of the Northwest mountain ecoregions (USA) in relation to patterns of plant invasions

Parks

Radosevich

Endress

et al. 2005

Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics

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Wildfire succession in plant communities natural to the Alkali Creek vicinity, Charles M. Russell National Wildlife Refuge, Montana

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Reviewing the Role of Wildfire on the Occurrence and Spread of Invasive Plant Species in Wildland Areas of the Intermountain Western United States

Reviewing the Role of Wildfire on the Occurrence and Spread of Invasive Plant Species in Wildland Areas of the Intermountain Western United States

Plant species of concern and plant associations of Powder River county, Montana /

Natural and land-use history of the Northwest mountain ecoregions (USA) in relation to patterns of plant invasions

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