Wildfire recovery as a “hot moment” for creating fire-adapted communities

Schumann, Ronald L.; Mockrin, Miranda H.; Syphard, Alexandra D.; Whittaker, Joshua; Price, Owen; Gaither, Cassandra Johnson; Emrich, Christopher T.; Butsic, Van

doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101354

Cited by 38 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Therefore, utilities and local governments should facilitate community engagement on an ongoing basis to obtain their buy-ins and ensure a smooth recovery process from potential wildfires in the future. In this context, various studies on the importance of social capital and community engagement in the recovery process for floods [168], earthquakes [169], hurricanes [170], and wildfires [171][172][173] are presented in the literature. A systematic literature review on community engagement for disaster preparedness can be found in [174].…”

Section: Community Engagementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three Lines of Defense for Wildfire Risk Management in Electric Power Grids: A Review

et al. 2021

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Wildfires pose a significant challenge to the natural and the built environments, as well as the safety and economic wellbeing of the communities residing in wildfire-prone areas. The electric power grid is specifically among the built environments most affected by, and contributing to, wildfires. In this paper, we propose a three lines of defense (3LD) framework for wildfire risk management in electric power infrastructure and review the literature from this lens. An overview of the physics and phenomenology of the wildfires as it relates to power grids is presented, and the logic for the proposed 3LD framework is discussed. The reviewed literature based on the 3LD theme includes the most relevant and emerging research work on wildfire prevention as the first line of defense, wildfire mitigation and proactive response as the second line of defense, and wildfire recovery preparedness as the third line of defense. This study reveals that while the state of the art, to a large extent, stands comprehensive in various aspects of power system resilience and wildfire risk management, there is a gap in the literature in addressing this emerging risk in a holistic, interdisciplinary approach.

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Section: Community Engagementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three Lines of Defense for Wildfire Risk Management in Electric Power Grids: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…Besides the overall technical dimensions wildland fire management is a human activity (McCafrey et al 2013;Pyne et al 1996). Contemporary models of wildland fire management align physical and ecological elements, along with social dynamics, on long-term/sustainable solutions, connecting individual actors and communities, professionals/agencies, and government, on a virtuous triangle (FAO 2011; McCafrey et al 2013; Moore 2019) ( Fig.…”

Section: The Integration Of Human and Social Dimensions On Wildland Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The history of fire on Earth is increasingly the story of what people decide to do or not to do regarding fire and its settings (Pyne 2019). Based on science but also on tradition, believes, and needs and on the meanings associated with fire and it´s risks, societies will decide how to engage with fire, either defining it as a problem or as an opportunity to change.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wildland fire is an element of the ecosystems. Humans are the only species that use and manipulate fire, as if they had socialized it into human lives (Pyne 2019). The evolution of human species is intrinsically associated to a variety of benefits assisted by fire, ranging from the use of fire for the preparation of food, hunting, agriculture and farming practices to cultural usages with spiritual and recreational purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human and Social Dimensions of Wildland Fire Management and Forest Protection

Patrão

2020

Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals

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Wildland fire is any fire that occurs on the wildlands, out of the urban settlements, regardless its ignition source, damages or benefits (FAO 1986; Society of American Foresters 1990; Pyne et al. 1996). Wildland fires can either correspond to (1) planned fires, used and controlled by humans with specific goals (such as traditional uses in agricultural, cultural practices or technical uses in forestry, like prescribed burns) or (2) fires that occur under no human purpose and control, that can be part of the normal life cycle of some forests and grasslands or, by the contrary, have a destructive impact on persons and on the environment (in this case, they are designated as wildfires, or bushfires, forest fire, rural fires, depending on the terminology adopted by different countries). Wildland fire management is a process that can be envisaged as the interconnection of four main elements, under a permanent exercise of planning: preparedness, prevention, response, and postfire recovery, integrated on a cyclical procedure, aimed at reducing the negative impact of wildland fires, introducing the positive aspects of fire in the ecosystems and improving the adaptability of humans in face of fire. It is a multiperspective process that should involve fire-related agencies, professionals and individual actors and their communities. Thus wildland fire management is intrinsically social and embraces, besides physical and ecological variables, human and social dimensions that refer to a scope of individualfire-landscape interactions, through the individual actor´s management activities and relationships with other actors and fire-related agencies or organizations (Ager et al. 2015; Kline et al. 2017; McCafrey et al. 2013).

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“…Nevertheless, landowners may ignore warnings to manage fuels or may engage in minimal fuel reduction efforts due to differences in forest management interests, the costs associated with these practices, and/or misinformation about the importance of such actions in reducing fire damages. Previous research has raised the question of whether policymakers should introduce financial incentives or fuel regulations to induce individual landowners to undertake increased fuel management activities [12][13][14][15][16]. Prior studies have suggested that cost-share programs and fuel stock regulation could reduce social costs and encourage increased fuel management [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Heterogeneous Management Interests in Reducing Social Losses from Wildfire Externalities

Abri

Grogan

2021

Forests

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The United States has experienced an even longer and more intense wildfire season than normal in recent years, largely resulting from drought conditions and a buildup of flammable vegetation. The derived stochastic dynamic model in this study was utilized to evaluate the interaction of wildfire risk mitigation policies for two adjacent landowners under various scenarios of forest benefits while accounting for full awareness of fire externalities. This study also evaluated the effectiveness of cost-share programs and fuel stock regulation and investigated under which scenarios of forest management interests the implementation of these policies encourages risk mitigation behaviors and yields larger reductions in social costs. The findings revealed that social costs significantly reduced after the implementation of cost-share programs and fuel stock regulation. Market-oriented adjacent landowners were more responsive to policy instruments compared to other types of neighboring landowners, and their responsiveness was greater for fuel stock regulation policies than for cost-share programs. Policymakers may introduce extra financial incentives or more rigorous fuel stock regulations to induce nonmarket-oriented landowners to undertake increased fuel management activities.

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Wildfire recovery as a “hot moment” for creating fire-adapted communities

Cited by 38 publications

References 108 publications

Three Lines of Defense for Wildfire Risk Management in Electric Power Grids: A Review

Three Lines of Defense for Wildfire Risk Management in Electric Power Grids: A Review

Human and Social Dimensions of Wildland Fire Management and Forest Protection

The Impact of Heterogeneous Management Interests in Reducing Social Losses from Wildfire Externalities

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