Wild red deer<i>[Cervus elaphus</i>L.) grazing may seriously reduce forage production in mountain meadows

Marchiori, Elisa; Sturaro, Enrico; Ramanzin, Maurizio

doi:10.4081/ijas.2012.e9

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…This is especially true both in the main valleys, where the alternatives are arable crops or (in the Trento Province) wine and fruit crops, characterized by a very low biodiversity value (Zimmermann et al, 2010), and in the steeper areas of the valleys slopes, where the alternative is afforestation (Cocca et al, 2012;Marini et al, 2009). Moreover, "Traditional" dairy systems (mainly the "Original Traditional") contribute to offfarm biodiversity, mainly because they maintain an environment more suitable to wildlife (Giupponi et al, 2006;Ramanzin et al, 2009), even though the traditional farms may suffer food competition between domestic and wild animals (Cocca et al, 2007;Marchiori et al, 2012).…”

Section: Land Usementioning

confidence: 98%

Dairy systems in mountainous areas: Farm animal biodiversity, milk production and destination, and land use

et al. 2013

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Section: Land Usementioning

confidence: 98%

Dairy systems in mountainous areas: Farm animal biodiversity, milk production and destination, and land use

et al. 2013

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“…In the US Yellowstone National Park, forage removal by red deer and bison accounted for 22% to 58% of the ANPP (Frank & McNaughton, 1992). In a protected area in the Italian Pre-Alps, wild red deer consumed high amounts of biomass in agriculturally used mountain meadows, reaching up to 40% of the biomass at the second cut (Marchiori, Sturaro, & Ramanzin, 2012), and in south-eastern Slovenia, red deer grazing in grasslands close to forest borders reduced the herbage yield by 50% on average (Trdan & Vidrih, 2007).…”

Section: Anpp and Forage Removal By Red Deer In Grasslandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grazing by wild red deer: Management options for the conservation of semi‐natural open habitats

Riesch

Tonn

Meißner

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Ecology

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1.Maintaining semi-natural open habitats requires biomass removal, which can be achieved by extensive grazing with livestock species. However, implementing this established conservation management strategy in large or access-restricted areas is often not possible. 2.We investigated grazing by wild and free-ranging red deer Cervus elaphus as an alternative conservation management approach on an active military training area in Germany. In grasslands and heathlands protected under the EU Habitats Directive, we quantified above-ground net primary productivity, forage quality and forage removal by red deer over three successive years. To assess synergistic effects between wildlife grazing and additional grassland management measures removing vegetation biomass (i.e. burning, mowing), we conducted our grazing experiment in burnt, mown and untreated grasslands.3. Annual forage removal by red deer amounted to 35%, 44%, 48% and 59% of the above-ground net primary productivity in burnt, mown and untreated grasslands, and untreated heathlands, respectively. Theoretically, a similar annual biomass removal could be obtained by livestock grazing with 0.54 animal units ha −1 in grasslands and 0.45 animal units ha −1 in heathlands. In grasslands, daily rates of forage removal peaked in spring and early summer, whereas in heathlands, forage removal rates were only significant in winter. 4.Forage removal rates in grasslands increased with productivity and forage quality, which were both enhanced in mown grasslands. This suggests mowing can increase grassland attractiveness to red deer. Forage removal rates in heathlands did not relate to productivity or forage quality but to standing biomass. Synthesis and applications.We demonstrate that the quantity of forage removed by wild red deer can be comparable to that of livestock in common conservation grazing systems. The seasonal patterns of forage removal by red deer in grasslands and heathlands coincided with the different grazing requirements of these habitats. Especially in large areas of conservation interest, we therefore encourage attempts to modify current wildlife management strategies to allow red deer to forage in open landscapes, which can contribute to the conservation of seminatural open habitats and also help to reduce damage in forest stands.

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“…Study by Marchiori et al (2012) confirmed that high densities of red deer seriously impact on forage production by mountain meadows. But these studies are not very well comparable, because their study aimed at estimating the impact of red deer grazing on the productivity of meadows located in Pian Cansiglio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…But these studies are not very well comparable, because their study aimed at estimating the impact of red deer grazing on the productivity of meadows located in Pian Cansiglio. Marchiori et al (2012) specify that the study concentrated on the damages to meadows, but it is also important to stress that this problem must be addressed with an ecosystem and holistic approach.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tourists in Cansiglio Forest, Italy – Case Study About Forests Visitors and Their Opinions

Drábková¹

2013

hgeo

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The development of the recreational use of forests demands a greater understanding of the profile, preferences and opinions of visitors to these forests. A questionnaire survey was hold in Cansiglio forest in northern Italy, which has become a very famous recreational area where many people come to spend their leisure time. The objective of this paper is to ascertain specifics about forest visitors, their preferences of forest structure and shape, and their other opinions, e.g. about regional problems with red deer. Results showed, among other, that almost ¼ of respondents were bikers, the rest were hikers, and the majority was from nearby cities and villages. Most of respondents go to forests from six to eleven times per year, more than ½ of them are satisfied with this frequency of forest visits. Knowing which type of forest visitors generally look for and what kind of activities they want to enjoy there is very important information and useful for management in research areas.

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Wild red deer[Cervus elaphusL.) grazing may seriously reduce forage production in mountain meadows

Cited by 23 publications

References 34 publications

Dairy systems in mountainous areas: Farm animal biodiversity, milk production and destination, and land use

Dairy systems in mountainous areas: Farm animal biodiversity, milk production and destination, and land use

Grazing by wild red deer: Management options for the conservation of semi‐natural open habitats

Tourists in Cansiglio Forest, Italy – Case Study About Forests Visitors and Their Opinions

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