Wild Progenitor and Landraces Led Genetic Gain in the Modern-Day Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)

Sharma, D. C.; Khulbe, R. K.; Pal, Ramesh Singh; Bettanaika, Jeevan; Kant, Lakshmi

doi:10.5772/intechopen.96865

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…Abiotic stress tolerance-related genes from local landraces and wild relatives have enormous potential as genetic resources to enhance abiotic stress tolerance in maize. That is the case of Zea parviglumis (teosinte) and Tripsacum , or waterlogging-tolerant wild maize Zea nicaraguensis [ 201 , 546 , 547 ]. These genetic resources can be significantly broadened by maize pan-genome and pan-transcriptome approaches [ 548 , 549 , 550 ].…”

Section: Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnological Advances to Improve Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crops

Villalobos-López

Arroyo-Becerra

Quintero-Jiménez

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The major challenges that agriculture is facing in the twenty-first century are increasing droughts, water scarcity, flooding, poorer soils, and extreme temperatures due to climate change. However, most crops are not tolerant to extreme climatic environments. The aim in the near future, in a world with hunger and an increasing population, is to breed and/or engineer crops to tolerate abiotic stress with a higher yield. Some crop varieties display a certain degree of tolerance, which has been exploited by plant breeders to develop varieties that thrive under stress conditions. Moreover, a long list of genes involved in abiotic stress tolerance have been identified and characterized by molecular techniques and overexpressed individually in plant transformation experiments. Nevertheless, stress tolerance phenotypes are polygenetic traits, which current genomic tools are dissecting to exploit their use by accelerating genetic introgression using molecular markers or site-directed mutagenesis such as CRISPR-Cas9. In this review, we describe plant mechanisms to sense and tolerate adverse climate conditions and examine and discuss classic and new molecular tools to select and improve abiotic stress tolerance in major crops.

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Section: Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnological Advances to Improve Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crops

Villalobos-López

Arroyo-Becerra

Quintero-Jiménez

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Additionally, cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) can be enhanced for drought tolerance by crossing it with its wild relative Hordeum spontaneum L. which harbors alleles for drought tolerance [20,48,49]. For cultivated maize, enhancement can be achieved by exploiting its wild relatives (called teosinte) such as Zea parviglumis (teosinte) and Tripsacum [20,[56][57][58][59]. Interestingly, new advances in gene editing technologies such as CRISPR-Cas9 system may aid in bridging the strong reproductive and genetic hurdles in gene transfer between cultivated crop species and CWRs [47].…”

Section: De Novo Domestication Of Crop Wild Relatives and Better Expl...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Cereal Crop Genomics for Resilience under Climate Change

Zenda

Liu

Dong

et al. 2021

Life

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Adapting to climate change, providing sufficient human food and nutritional needs, and securing sufficient energy supplies will call for a radical transformation from the current conventional adaptation approaches to more broad-based and transformative alternatives. This entails diversifying the agricultural system and boosting productivity of major cereal crops through development of climate-resilient cultivars that can sustainably maintain higher yields under climate change conditions, expanding our focus to crop wild relatives, and better exploitation of underutilized crop species. This is facilitated by the recent developments in plant genomics, such as advances in genome sequencing, assembly, and annotation, as well as gene editing technologies, which have increased the availability of high-quality reference genomes for various model and non-model plant species. This has necessitated genomics-assisted breeding of crops, including underutilized species, consequently broadening genetic variation of the available germplasm; improving the discovery of novel alleles controlling important agronomic traits; and enhancing creation of new crop cultivars with improved tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses and superior nutritive quality. Here, therefore, we summarize these recent developments in plant genomics and their application, with particular reference to cereal crops (including underutilized species). Particularly, we discuss genome sequencing approaches, quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and genome-wide association (GWAS) studies, directed mutagenesis, plant non-coding RNAs, precise gene editing technologies such as CRISPR-Cas9, and complementation of crop genotyping by crop phenotyping. We then conclude by providing an outlook that, as we step into the future, high-throughput phenotyping, pan-genomics, transposable elements analysis, and machine learning hold much promise for crop improvements related to climate resilience and nutritional superiority.

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Does Climate Change Affect the Yield of the Top Three Cereals and Food Security in the World?

Neupane

Adhikari

Bhattarai

et al. 2022

Earth

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Climate prediction models suggest that agricultural productivity will be significantly affected in the future. The expected rise in average global temperature due to the higher release of greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere and increased depletion of water resources with enhanced climate variability will be a serious threat to world food security. Moreover, there is an increase in the frequency and severity of long-lasting drought events over 1/3rd of the global landmass and five times increase in water demand deficits during the 21st century. The top three cereals, wheat (Triticum aestivum), maize (Zea mays), and rice (Oryza sativa), are the major and staple food crops of most people across the world. To meet the food demand of the ever-increasing population, which is expected to increase by over 9 billion by 2050, there is a dire need to increase cereal production by approximately 70%. However, we have observed a dramatic decrease in area of fertile and arable land to grow these crops. This trend is likely to increase in the future. Therefore, this review article provides an extensive review on recent and future projected area and production, the growth requirements and greenhouse gas emissions and global warming potential of the top three cereal crops, the effects of climate change on their yields, and the morphological, physiological, biochemical, and hormonal responses of plants to drought. We also discuss the potential strategies to tackle the effects of climate change and increase yields. These strategies include integrated conventional and modern molecular techniques and genomic approach, the implementation of agronomic best management (ABM) practices, and growing climate resilient cereal crops, such as millets. Millets are less resource-intensive crops and release a lower amount of greenhouse gases compared to other cereals. Therefore, millets can be the potential next-generation crops for research to explore the climate-resilient traits and use the information for the improvement of major cereals.

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Wild Progenitor and Landraces Led Genetic Gain in the Modern-Day Maize (Zea mays L.)

Cited by 4 publications

References 71 publications

Biotechnological Advances to Improve Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crops

Biotechnological Advances to Improve Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crops

Advances in Cereal Crop Genomics for Resilience under Climate Change

Does Climate Change Affect the Yield of the Top Three Cereals and Food Security in the World?

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