Wild orchids: A framework for identifying and improving sustainable harvest

Ticktin, Tamara; Charitonidou, Martha; Douglas, Julia; Halley, John M.; Hernández‐Apolinar, Mariana; Liu, Hong; Mondragón, Demetria; Pérez‐García, Eduardo A.; Tremblay, Raymond L.; Phelps, Jacob

doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109816

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…It should be mentioned that, as reported by Kreziou et al [ 24 ], many Salep consumers were not aware that the product included material from threatened species. Conservation measures including dissemination/education programs aimed at raising public awareness on issues of nature protection are important to be considered and have already proved to be strategically useful (i.e., see [ 128 , 282 ]; , accessed by 14 December 2022; , accessed by 14 December 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the aim of helping local harvesters and resource managers to apply the best choices in terms of sustainability, very recently Ticktin et al [ 282 ] reviewed existing data on the harvest pressure on orchids and consequent effects on their ecology and demography. These authors finally constructed a dichotomous key based on 12 characteristics, which can be used to determine in a local context whether and how a population could be subjected to a sustainable harvest.…”

Section: Conservation Concerns and Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Traditional, Therapeutic Uses and Phytochemistry of Terrestrial European Orchids and Implications for Conservation

Bazzicalupo

Calevo

Smeriglio

et al. 2023

Plants

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The Orchidaceae family accounts for about 28,000 species, and most of them are mentioned in the folk medicine of nations around the world. The use of terrestrial orchids in European and Mediterranean regions has been reported since ancient times, but little information is available on their medicinal properties, as well as on their phytochemicals and biological activities. However, plant collection for human use is still listed as one of the main threats for terrestrial orchids, alongside other menacing factors such as wrong habitat management and disturbance to symbionts, such as pollinators and mycorrhizal fungi. Therefore, the primary aim of this review was to resume and discuss available information regarding the past and current popular uses of European orchids. We then grouped phytochemical data to evaluate the presence of bioactive compounds of pharmacological relevance, and we discussed whether these could support the therapeutic employment of the different organs. Finally, we briefly debated the sustainability of orchid utilizations, considering the different threatening factors and conservation actions including plant propagation methods.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conservation Concerns and Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional, Therapeutic Uses and Phytochemistry of Terrestrial European Orchids and Implications for Conservation

Bazzicalupo

Calevo

Smeriglio

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…However, these protocols are not based on sufficient scientific foundations, and the permit application procedures are often unrealistic. Globally, the general trend toward the limited monitoring of wild orchid harvesting and the insufficient understanding of the necessary life cycle parameters for species continuity persists regardless of whether it is legal or illegal …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Globally, the general trend toward the limited monitoring of wild orchid harvesting and the insufficient understanding of the necessary life cycle parameters for species continuity persists regardless of whether it is legal or illegal. 7 Until now, most of the reintroduction programs involving orchids have focused on the transfer of seedlings obtained through in vitro symbiotic germination to their natural habitats. 8,9 However, a large portion of the transferred seedlings do not survive the first year in the reintroduction programs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultivation of Serapias orientalis Plant Using Symbiotic Methods and Investigation of Bioactive Compounds

Aytar,

Kömpe

2024

ACS Agric. Sci. Technol.

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Conservation biology aims to prevent the decline in biodiversity by reducing the factors that cause it. One way to achieve this is by producing economically valuable orchids in high quantities, allowing humans to rely less on natural populations. In the study, Serapias orientalis seeds were successfully germinated using symbiotic methods and transplanted into a natural field. After 18 months, the plants began to flower, marking the first successful production of S. orientalis in a natural environment. The researchers then analyzed the fatty acid and chemical contents of the leaves and flowers using gas chromatography−mass spectrometry, identifying 28 fatty acids and 19 other substances. The most abundant fatty acids were linoleic acid (21.72%), palmitic acid (20.22%), allylinolenic acid (16.87%), oleic acid (8.67%), and stearic acid (6.13%). Major compounds identified in the methanol extract included hydroxyacetic acid hydrazide (7.38%), semicarbazide hydrochloride (5.06%), DL-glyceraldehyde (5.42%), pentacosane (39.85%), and cholesterol (13.05%). These findings offer a new method for conserving S. orientalis and highlight the potential use of these plants in food, medical, and industrial applications due to their high concentration of bioactive compounds.

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“…As a matter of fact, more than half (56.5%) of the only 948 orchid species estimated worldwide using the Global Red List Criteria are considered threatened [ 4 ]. Therefore, all orchid species are protected in several countries by regional, national and international legislation, such as the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) [ 5 , 6 ]. Habitat degradation, weed invasion, herbivory, illegal harvesting, pollinator decline, and climate change are the main threats to orchid survival [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Effective Is Environmental Protection for Ensuring the Vitality of Wild Orchid Species? A Case Study of a Protected Area in Italy

Scramoncin,

Gerdol,

Brancaleoni

2024

Plants

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Orchids are among the plants most threatened by anthropic impact and environmental changes. Therefore, all known orchid species are protected in several countries by regional, national and international legislation. Several studies have cast doubts on the effectiveness of legislation to ensure the protection of wild orchids. We assessed the vitality of four orchid populations in a coastal area in Northern Italy, by monitoring the vegetative and reproductive traits of the orchid populations growing both in the protected sites comprising the Natura 2000 network, and in non-protected sites. We also monitored the level of environmental threat to orchid vitality. The early-flowering deceptive species (Ophrys sphegodes and Anacamptis morio) exhibited high vegetative vitality and experienced similar levels of environmental threat in the protected and non-protected areas. However, their reproductive success was strongly jeopardized, probably by a failed pollination that impeded the fruit set. The late-flowering, partially or totally rewarding species (Anacamptis pyramidalis and Anacamptis coriophora) were more strongly impacted by spring mowing and ungulate herbivory and alien species. Only for A. coriophora were the herbivory and alien species invasions lower at the protected vs. non-protected sites, which ensured a higher population vitality at the protected sites. We conclude that the environmental protection in our study area is ineffective for preserving orchids without targeted actions against specific environmental threats.

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Wild orchids: A framework for identifying and improving sustainable harvest

Cited by 11 publications

References 118 publications

Traditional, Therapeutic Uses and Phytochemistry of Terrestrial European Orchids and Implications for Conservation

Traditional, Therapeutic Uses and Phytochemistry of Terrestrial European Orchids and Implications for Conservation

Cultivation of Serapias orientalis Plant Using Symbiotic Methods and Investigation of Bioactive Compounds

How Effective Is Environmental Protection for Ensuring the Vitality of Wild Orchid Species? A Case Study of a Protected Area in Italy

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