Wild Manihot species: botanical aspects, geographic distribution and economic value

Nassar, Nagib M. A.; Hashimoto, Danielle; Fernandes, Sequeira

doi:10.4238/vol7-1gmr389

Cited by 60 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Although widely distributed in South America (Nassar, 2007;Nassar et al, 2008a), few drought-resistant varieties have been cultivated. Anatomical study is a tool used by breeders for detecting drought-resistant species that can be used for selection and improvement of the crop.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal phloem in an interspecific hybrid of cassava, an indicator of breeding value for drought resistance

Graciano‐Ribeiro

Hashimoto²,

Nogueira³

et al. 2009

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. We examined the stem anatomy of Manihot esculenta Crantz and its hybrid with M. oligantha Pax. Cross-sections were stained with safranin-alcian blue. Manihot esculenta and its hybrid were found to have the same vascular structure in bicollateral bundles with internal phloem, which has been associated with drought resistance in other plant groups. If this association is established for cassava, it would facilitate the selection of lines that are more adapted to arid regions. This is the first report of internal phloem in this genus.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal phloem in an interspecific hybrid of cassava, an indicator of breeding value for drought resistance

Graciano‐Ribeiro

Hashimoto²,

Nogueira³

et al. 2009

Genet. Mol. Res.

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“…The evidence from our investigation is consistent with a second-generation backcross into M. esculenta from an M. glaziovii maternal great-grandmother (Supplementary Note 7). Manihot taxonomists have described up to 98 separate species in the genus 34,35 . Our results raise the possibility that some of these species may be interspecific hybrids or admixtures.…”

Section: Introgression and Cassava Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sequencing wild and cultivated cassava and related species reveals extensive interspecific hybridization and genetic diversity

et al. 2016

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Cassava (Manihot esculenta) provides calories and nutrition for more than half a billion people. It was domesticated by native Amazonian peoples through cultivation of the wild progenitor M. esculenta ssp. flabellifolia and is now grown in tropical regions worldwide. Here we provide a high-quality genome assembly for cassava with improved contiguity, linkage, and completeness; almost 97% of genes are anchored to chromosomes. We find that paleotetraploidy in cassava is shared with the related rubber tree Hevea, providing a resource for comparative studies. We also sequence a global collection of 58 Manihot accessions, including cultivated and wild cassava accessions and related species such as Ceará or India rubber (M. glaziovii), and genotype 268 African cassava varieties. We find widespread interspecific admixture, and detect the genetic signature of past cassava breeding programs. As a clonally propagated crop, cassava is especially vulnerable to pathogens and abiotic stresses. This genomic resource will inform future genome-enabled breeding efforts to improve this staple crop. 13 International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nairobi, Kenya. 14 Dow AgroSciences, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. 15 Molecular Genetics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Japan. 16 In this report we use "cassava" to refer to cultivated and/or domesticated varieties of M. esculenta, and the shorthand M. esc. flabellifolia for wild accessions 3 . We also shotgun-sequenced five Manihot accessions related to cassava, including three from the wild species M. glaziovii Muell. Arg., one named M. pseudoglaziovii Pax & K. Hoffman, and "tree" cassava, a suspected hybrid sometimes called M. catingea Ule 12,18 . The Ceará or India rubber tree species M. glaziovii, also domesticated in South America, was imported to East Africa in the early twentieth century. It is interfertile with cassava and has been used in African breeding programs to exploit the natural resistance of M. glaziovii to cassava pathogens 18 . To analyze genetic variation present in African varieties, we also characterized 268 cultivars of cassava using reduced representation genotypingby-sequencing (GBS) 19 (Table 2). RESULTS Chromosome structureTo produce a high-quality chromosome-scale reference genome for cassava, we augmented our earlier draft sequence 20 of the reference genotype AM560-2 with additional whole genome shotgun sequencing and mate pair data, fosmid-end sequences, and a paired-end library developed using proximity ligation of in vitro reconstituted chromatin 21 (Methods and Supplementary Note 1). AM560-2 is an S3 line bred at Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT) from MCOL1505 (also known as Manihoica P-12 (ref. 22). Compared with the previous draft 23 , the contiguity of our new shotgun assembly has more than doubled (N50 length 27.7 kb vs. 11.5 kb), and an additional 135 Mb is anchored to chromosomes 23 (Supplementary Note 1). To organize the sequence into chromosomes we integrated the shotgun ...

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“…Manihot esculenta Crantz, popularly known as "cassava" is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Manihot (Nassar et al, 2008). It is a perennial shrub cultivated in many continents as an important food source, because cassava roots are high in calories and is one of the largest producers of carbohydrates (Adeoti, 2010), it is the fourth most consumed source of carbohydrates in the tropics, and have high starch making it the staple food for over 500 million people (Tonukari, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Different cover promote sandy soil suppressiveness to root rot disease of cassava caused by Fusarium solani

Barros¹,

Medeiros²,

Notaro³

et al. 2014

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Sandy soils of 19 arable fields were analyzed for disease suppressiveness against root rot disease of cassava, caused by Fusarium solani CFF109. Analysis of chemical, physical, biochemical, microbial population and activity, and soil characteristics were assessed. Soils with different management histories and covers most commonly found in the region were collected to build a greenhouse experiment, to evaluate the natural suppressiveness of soils against cassava root rot. The severity was submitted with all data across correlation and multivariate analyses to find correlation between disease suppressiveness and abiotic or biotic soils attributes. Differences in disease suppressiveness were found between the treatments for cassava root rot. Significant disease suppression was found in 37% of the soils. The sandy soil covered with consortium of Zea mays + Vigna unguiculata was the most efficient in suppressiveness against disease caused by F. solani. The data indicated significant correlation between soil characteristics and suppressiveness cassava root rot. The soil supressiveness against cassava root rot was favored by increase by total bacteria, fluorescent group bacteria populations and activity of acid and alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase.

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Wild Manihot species: botanical aspects, geographic distribution and economic value

Cited by 60 publications

References 38 publications

Internal phloem in an interspecific hybrid of cassava, an indicator of breeding value for drought resistance

Internal phloem in an interspecific hybrid of cassava, an indicator of breeding value for drought resistance

Sequencing wild and cultivated cassava and related species reveals extensive interspecific hybridization and genetic diversity

Different cover promote sandy soil suppressiveness to root rot disease of cassava caused by Fusarium solani

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