Wild boar harbouring African swine fever virus in the demilitarized zone in South Korea, 2019

Kim, Seung‐Chul; Kim, Ji-Soo; Son, Kidong; Choi, Yong-Jun; Jeong, Hyesung; Kim, Yong-Kwan; Park, Jung Eun; Hong, Yoonmi; Lee, Song-I; Wang, Seung-Jun; Lee, Hyun-Seo; Kim, Won-Meong; Jheong, Weon-Hwa

doi:10.1080/22221751.2020.1738904

Cited by 34 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In this area, the main causes of ASFV transmission include pig to pig contact, infected pig products, or infected fomites, such as transport vehicles [ 4 ]. Conversely, wild boar-mediated transmission has been considered a minor risk factor in Asia, albeit this view is currently being revised, with some countries reporting relevant outbreaks in their wild boar populations [ 6 ]. Since its first declaration in China in 2018, most probably due to the importation of contaminated pork products, ASFV has expanded extremely fast to all neighboring countries, reaching more than 28 countries from Asia and Oceania, causing an economic crisis of gigantic proportions [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Promiscuous African Swine Fever Virus T-Cell Determinants Using a Multiple Technical Approach

et al. 2021

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The development of subunit vaccines against African swine fever (ASF) is mainly hindered by the lack of knowledge regarding the specific ASF virus (ASFV) antigens involved in protection. As a good example, the identity of ASFV-specific CD8+ T-cell determinants remains largely unknown, despite their protective role being established a long time ago. Aiming to identify them, we implemented the IFNγ ELISpot as readout assay, using as effector cells peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from pigs surviving experimental challenge with Georgia2007/1. As stimuli for the ELISpot, ASFV-specific peptides or full-length proteins identified by three complementary strategies were used. In silico prediction of specific CD8+ T-cell epitopes allowed identifying a 19-mer peptide from MGF100-1L, as frequently recognized by surviving pigs. Complementarily, the repertoire of SLA I-bound peptides identified in ASFV-infected porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), allowed the characterization of five additional SLA I-restricted ASFV-specific epitopes. Finally, in vitro stimulation studies using fibroblasts transfected with plasmids encoding full-length ASFV proteins, led to the identification of MGF505-7R, A238L and MGF100-1L as promiscuously recognized antigens. Interestingly, each one of these proteins contain individual peptides recognized by surviving pigs. Identification of the same ASFV determinants by means of such different approaches reinforce the results presented here.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Promiscuous African Swine Fever Virus T-Cell Determinants Using a Multiple Technical Approach

et al. 2021

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“…Since June 2007, African swine fever (ASF) has been gradually spreading from Georgia to Asian countries, being first reported in China in August 2018, followed by continuous outbreaks emerging in other countries including Vietnam, North Korea, and Mongolia. In South Korea, ASF was first identified in a pig farm on September 17, 2019 [ 1 2 ] and in a wild boar on October 2, 2019 [ 3 ]. All ASF cases in Korea have been restricted to the northern part of the country, with the discovery of the first ASF-positive wild boar carcass at approximately 1.4 km distance from the South Korea border [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In South Korea, ASF was first identified in a pig farm on September 17, 2019 [ 1 2 ] and in a wild boar on October 2, 2019 [ 3 ]. All ASF cases in Korea have been restricted to the northern part of the country, with the discovery of the first ASF-positive wild boar carcass at approximately 1.4 km distance from the South Korea border [ 3 ]. Until June 17, 2020, a total of 630 ASF cases were identified in wild boars within the northern area delineated by the regional fence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of African swine fever virus genomic DNAs in wild boar habitats within outbreak regions in South Korea

et al. 2021

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An African swine fever (ASF) outbreak in wild boars was first reported on October 2, 2019, in South Korea. Since then, additional cases were reported in South Korea's border areas. We here report the identification of ASF virus (ASFV) DNAs from two out of eight environmental abiotic matter samples collected from areas where ASF-positive wild boar carcasses were found. Comparative genomic investigations suggested that the contaminating ASFV DNAs originated from the wild boar whose carcass had been found near the positive sample sites. This is the first report on the identification of ASF viral material in wild boar habitats.

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“…African swine fever (ASF), caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV), is a highly contagious viral disease that affects both domestic and wild pigs. Symptoms of ASFV infection include fever, hemorrhage, vomiting and diarrhea, and nearly 100 % mortality can occur with some strains, including that circulating in the Republic of Korea (Kim et al, 2020). Owing to the absence of treatment and vaccine, ASF has imposed a significant socioeconomic burden on the livestock sector and caused a negative impact on the environment (Chenais et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the deathbed of ASF-infected wild boars in South Korea using 2019-2020 national surveillance data

Lim¹,

Vergne

Pak³

et al. 2021

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In September 2019, African swine fever (ASF) was reported in South Korea for the first time. Since then, more than 651 ASF cases in wild boars and 14 farm outbreaks have been notified in the country. The purpose of this study was to characterize the spatial distribution of ASF-positive wild boar carcasses to identify the risk factors associated with the presence of ASF and number of ASF-positive wild boar carcasses in the affected areas. To achieve this objective, we divided the study into two periods (October 2, 2019, to January 19, 2020, and January 19 to April 28, 2020) and aggregated the number of reported ASF-positive carcasses into a regular grid of hexagons. To account for imperfect detection, we adjusted spatial zero-inflated Poisson regression models to the number of ASF-positive wild boar carcasses per hexagons. During the first study period, only proximity to North Korea was identified as a risk factor for the presence of African swine fever virus (ASFV). In addition, there were more reports in the affected hexagons with a high habitat suitability for wild boar, low heat load index (HLI), and high human density. During the second study period, proximity to an ASF-positive carcass reported during the first period was the only significant risk factor for the presence of ASF-positive carcasses. Additionally, high HLI and low elevation were associated with an increased number of ASF-positive carcasses reported in the affected hexagons. Although the proportion of ASF-affected hexagons increased from 0.06 (95% credible interval [CrI]: 0.05-0.07) to 0.09 (95% CrI: 0.08-0.10), the probability of reporting ASF-affected hexagons increased substantially from 0.49 (95% CrI: 0.41-0.57) to 0.73 (95% CrI: 0.66-0.81) between the two study periods. These results can be used to further advance risk-based surveillance.

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Wild boar harbouring African swine fever virus in the demilitarized zone in South Korea, 2019

Cited by 34 publications

References 8 publications

Identification of Promiscuous African Swine Fever Virus T-Cell Determinants Using a Multiple Technical Approach

Identification of Promiscuous African Swine Fever Virus T-Cell Determinants Using a Multiple Technical Approach

Identification of African swine fever virus genomic DNAs in wild boar habitats within outbreak regions in South Korea

Modelling the deathbed of ASF-infected wild boars in South Korea using 2019-2020 national surveillance data

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