Wild Bird Surveillance for Avian Influenza Virus

Poulson, Rebecca L.; Brown, Justin D.

doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-0346-8_8

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…The reasons of the elusive transmission mechanism between migratory birds and domestic poultry are mainly due to the low sampling rate of wild birds from the surveillance system implemented and different susceptibility of wild birds infected by different subtypes of HPAI. Although the possibility that HPAI H5Nx were introduced through illegal trade of live birds and animal products cannot be completely excluded, our study highlighted the need for more sampling from migratory birds to reveal the transmission pattern by “bridging species” and evolution of local HPAI [ 55 , 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological factors associated with persistent circulation of multiple highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses among poultry farms in Taiwan during 2015-17

Liang

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Emergence and intercontinental spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (HPAI) H5Nx virus clade 2.3.4.4 has resulted in substantial economic losses to the poultry industry in Asia, Europe, and North America. The long-distance migratory birds have been suggested to play a major role in the global spread of avian influenza viruses during this wave of panzootic outbreaks since 2013. Poultry farm epidemics caused by multiple introduction of different HPAI novel subtypes of clade 2.3.4.4 viruses also occurred in Taiwan between 2015 and 2017. The mandatory and active surveillance detected H5N3 and H5N6 circulation in 2015 and 2017, respectively, while H5N2 and H5N8 were persistently identified in poultry farms since their first arrival in 2015. This study intended to assess the importance of various ecological factors contributed to the persistence of HPAI during three consecutive years. We used satellite technology to identify the location of waterfowl flocks. Four risk factors consistently showed strong association with the spatial clustering of H5N2 and H5N8 circulations during 2015 and 2017, including high poultry farm density (aOR:17.46, 95%CI: 5.91–74.86 and 8.23, 95% CI: 2.12–54.86 in 2015 and 2017, respectively), poultry heterogeneity index (aOR of 12.28, 95%CI: 5.02–31.14 and 2.79, 95%CI: 1.00–7.69, in 2015 and 2017, respectively), non-registered waterfowl flock density (aOR: 6.8, 95%CI: 3.41–14.46 and 9.17, 95%CI: 3.73–26.20, in 2015 and 2017, respectively) and higher percentage of cropping land coverage (aOR of 1.36, 95%CI: 1.10–1.69 and 1.04, 95%CI: 1.02–1.07, in 2015 and 2017, respectively). Our study highlights the application of remote sensing and clustering analysis for the identification and characterization of environmental factors in facilitating and contributing to the persistent circulation of certain subtypes of H5Nx in poultry farms in Taiwan.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological factors associated with persistent circulation of multiple highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses among poultry farms in Taiwan during 2015-17

Liang

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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“…Regarding the necessity of surveillance program, it has been reported that a continuous molecular epidemiological surveillance of AI virus in wild migratory birds is necessary to assess genetic variation within each of the HA subtypes of AIV and to quantify the extent of putative HA gene circulating in the regions (Piaggio et al., 2012). As some of the migratory birds not only still are a main natural reservoir of AIV (Al‐Badry & Al‐Mubarak, 2020; Poulson & Brown, 2020) but also play a major role in the evolution, maintenance, and spread of AI viruses to different regions (Machalaba et al., 2015; Muzyka et al., 2019). On the other hand, the presence of high intensified industrial poultry farms around the Urmia Lake (Figure 2a–f) makes this area one of the high priority strategically target geographical migratory flyway areas for continuous globally coordinated surveillance programs in AI risk‐based map to monitor AIV for understanding the potential risk for the incursion of AI into backyard birds, poultry farms and pose potential public health pandemic threats (Abdollahi et al., 2020; Akpinar & Saatci, 2006; Fallah‐Mehrabadi et al., 2019; Hassan et al., 2020; Poulson & Brown, 2020; Verhagen et al., 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As some of the migratory birds not only still are a main natural reservoir of AIV (Al-Badry & Al-Mubarak, 2020;Poulson & Brown, 2020) but also play a major role in the evolution, maintenance, and spread of AI viruses to different regions (Machalaba et al, 2015;Muzyka et al, 2019). On the other hand, the presence of high intensified industrial poultry farms health pandemic threats (Abdollahi et al, 2020;Akpinar & Saatci, 2006;Fallah-Mehrabadi et al, 2019;Hassan et al, 2020;Poulson & Brown, 2020;Verhagen et al, 2021). Nevertheless, prediction (timing and location) of AI outbreaks by using satellite parameters can also be useful (Kim, 2018) in applying restricted biosecurity.…”

Section: Surveillance Of Aivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of aquatic birds and surveillance of avian influenza and Newcastle disease of waterfowls at the National Park of Urmia Lake

Dehgany-Asl

Allymehr

Talebi

et al. 2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background Urmia lake, as a national park, is one of the most valuable aquatic ecosystems in the Middle East and quatitative and qualitative changes in Urmia lake water have a great impact on its ecological performance and in the region. Objectives This project was designed to study the effects of the extent of Urmia lake water surface area on the area size and on the number of aquatic birds of the six selected habitats in 2011–2019. The presence of avian influenza (AI) and Newcastle disease (ND) viruses in migratory aquatic birds together with their impacts on poultry farms as well as on rural birds was also under surveillance in 2018–2019. Methods Changes of Urmia lake and its impacts on area size of the six selected birds habitats were monitored by GIS. The small monitoring program with circular plot point counts was used for counting of the number of birds of the six selected habitats. At least, 100 samples (oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs) were collected. each sample was placed in a sterile plastic tube containg transport media and assigned with an number and store untill used. Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and real‐time RT‐PCR test were used for detection of AI and ND viruses in the samples. Results The results revealed that changes in the water surface area of Urmia lake had a gsignificat impacts on area size and the number of aquatic birds of the six selected habitats. The surveillance results showed that 5% of the samples were AIV positvie while 25% of the samples were pasitive for NDV including 20% for non‐virulent NDV (lNDV) and 5% for virulent NDV (vNDV) strains. Conclusion This study showed that fluctuation of Urmia lake's water surface area influenced (p < 0.05) the area size of the six selected aquatic birds' habitats and had a great impacts on the number of the migratory birds. Detection of AIV and vNDV emphesises that the seasonal migratory waterfowls spread AI and vND viruses to the ponds and estuaries as well as to the rural birds and industrialised poultry units around the Urmia lake. Potential public health treats were also discussed.

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“…Four of the seven genera (and species) of orthomyxoviruses are Alpha influenza virus (influenza A virus), Beta influenza virus (influenza B virus), Gamma influenza virus (influenza C virus), and Delta influenza virus (influenza D virus ( Long et al., 2019 ). Highly diverse Influenza viruses circulate in natural reservoir of wild, aquatic birds ( Trinh et al., 2019 ; Poulson and Brown, 2020 ).…”

Section: Influenza a Virus (Iav)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of infectious viruses in the natural setting at human-animal interface

Nandi

Rathore²,

Mathur³

2021

Current Research in Virological Science

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Most viral pathogens causing epidemics and pandemics are zoonotic, emerging from wildlife reservoirs like SARS CoV2 causing the global Covid-19 pandemic, although animal origin of this virus remains a mystery. Cross-species transmission of pathogens from animals to humans is known as zoonosis. However, pathogens are also transmitted from humans to animals in regions where there is a close interaction between animals and humans by ‘reverse transmission’ (anthroponosis). Molecular evidence for the transmission of two zoonotic RNA viruses at the human-monkey interface in Rajasthan forests is presented here: a) the apathogenic Simian Foamy Viruses (SFV), and b): Influenza A viruses (IAV)-like virus, etiologic agent for human flu infecting wild Indian rhesus monkeys inhabiting Rajasthan forests. The data provide critical information on ecology and evolution of viruses of Public Health relevance. During replication, viral genomes mutate along the transmission route to adapt to the new hosts, generating new variants that are likely to have properties different from the founder viruses. Wild Indian monkeys are under-sampled for monitoring infectious diseases mainly because of the difficulties with sample collection. Monkeys are perceived as religious icons by the Hindus in India. It is extremely difficult to obtain permission from the Forest and Wildlife Department government authorities to collect wild simian blood samples for surveillance of infectious diseases caused by viral pathogens. Reducing animal-human contact and affordable vaccination are two relevant anti-viral strategies to counteract the spread of infectious zoonotic pathogens. Genbank Accession numbers : Indian SFVmac: ADN94420, IAV like virus: MZ298601.

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Wild Bird Surveillance for Avian Influenza Virus

Cited by 6 publications

References 81 publications

Ecological factors associated with persistent circulation of multiple highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses among poultry farms in Taiwan during 2015-17

Ecological factors associated with persistent circulation of multiple highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses among poultry farms in Taiwan during 2015-17

Monitoring of aquatic birds and surveillance of avian influenza and Newcastle disease of waterfowls at the National Park of Urmia Lake

Transmission of infectious viruses in the natural setting at human-animal interface

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