Wild and Black Rats

Hulin, Marc S.; Quinn, Robert A.

doi:10.1016/b978-012074903-4/50033-9

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 205 publications

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“…These animals are native to South Africa and also known as multimammate rats or multimammate mice (Hulin and Quinn, 2006;Smit et al, 2001). The common name describes the high number of mammary glands, usually eight to 12 pairs, but there may be as many as 18 pairs.…”

Section: Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology and Diseases of Other Rodents

Donnelly

Bergin

Ihrig

2015

Laboratory Animal Medicine

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Section: Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology and Diseases of Other Rodents

Donnelly

Bergin

Ihrig

2015

Laboratory Animal Medicine

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“…Although there are differences between wild and albino rats in terms of their endocrine system and behavior, these differences have not been attributed to the albino allele (Robinson, 1965 ). Albino rats are more docile and less nervous than wild rats, making them easier to handle (Richter, 1954 ; Hulin and Quinn, 2006 ). Additionally, albino rats have smaller adrenal glands, making them less capable of dealing with conditions of stress, and have larger gonads (Richter, 1954 ).…”

Section: Ratsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, although domestication has produced some anatomical, physiological, and behavioral changes in laboratory rats (Richter, 1954 ), research has demonstrated that behaviorally laboratory rats are representative of wild R. norvegicus (Boice, 1981 ) and that domestication is not necessarily equivalent to degeneracy (Boice, 1973 ). However, genotypically there are differences between wild R. norvegicus and various strains of inbred rats (van den Brandt et al, 2000 ; Kloting et al, 2003 ; Hulin and Quinn, 2006 ).…”

Section: Ratsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Models for Investigating the Central Control of the Mammalian Diving Response

McCulloch

2012

Front. Physio.

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Pioneering studies by Per Scholander indicated that the diving response consists of reflexly induced apnea, bradycardia and an alteration of blood flow that maintains perfusion of the heart and brain. More recently field physiological studies have shown that many marine animals can adjust cardiorespiratory aspects of their diving response depending upon the behavioral situation. This could suggest that the very labile heart rate during diving is under direct cortical control. However, the final control of autonomic nervous system functioning resides within the brainstem and not the cortex. Many physiologists regard the brain as a “black box” where important neuronal functioning occurs, but the complexity of such functioning leaves systematic investigation a daunting task. As a consequence the central control of the diving response has been under-investigated. Thus, to further advance the field of diving physiology by understanding its central neuronal control, it would be first necessary to understand the reflex circuitry that exists within the brainstem of diving animals. To do this will require an appropriate animal model. In this review, two animals, the muskrat and rat, will be offered as animal models to investigate the central aspects of the diving response. Firstly, although these rodents are not marine animals, natural histories indicate that both animals can and do exploit aquatic environments. Secondly, physiological recordings during natural and simulated diving indicate that both animals possess the same basic physiological responses to underwater submersion that occur in marine animals. Thirdly, the size and ease of housing of both animals makes them attractive laboratory research animals. Finally, the enormous amount of scientific literature regarding rodent brainstem autonomic control mechanisms, and the availability of brain atlases, makes these animals ideal choices to study the central control of the mammalian diving response.

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“…Furthermore, efforts are being made to increase their growth and reproduction performance in captivity (Aizoun et al, 2016; Olusola & Emmanuel, 2015; Wogar & Ayara, 2015). Greater cane rats are also used in biomedical research (Hulin & Quinn, 2006). In captivity, cane rats have been reported to be affected with various traumatic conditions such as fractures and soft tissue wounds (Adu et al, 2000; Jori et al, 2001; Uloko & Audu, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%