Widespread infestation of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechidae) on Bt cotton in Central India: a new threat and concerns for cotton production

Fand, Babasaheb B.; Nagrare, V. S.; Gawande, S. P.; Nagrale, Dipak T.; Naikwadi, Bhausaheb; Deshmukh, Vrushali; Gokte‐Narkhedkar, Nandini; Waghmare, V. N.

doi:10.1007/s12600-019-00738-x

Cited by 49 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…30 . This pest has recently become a serious menace on transgenic Bt cotton (both single gene Cry1Ac and dual gene, Cry1Ac + Cry2Ab) in India, causing widespread damage and approximate yield losses to the tune of 20–30% 31 , 32 . The re-emergence of pink bollworm has serious ecological and economic implications for cotton production, especially in the context of impending climate change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degree day-based model predicts pink bollworm phenology across geographical locations of subtropics and semi-arid tropics of India

Fand

Nagrare

Bal

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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There is a global concern about the effects of climate change driven shifts in species phenology on crop pests. Using geographically and temporally extensive data set of moth trap catches and temperatures across the cotton growing states of India, we predicted the phenology of cotton pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders). Our approach was centered on growing degree days (GDD), a measure of thermal accumulation that provides a mechanistic link between climate change and species’ phenology. The phenology change was predicted by calculating absolute error associated with DD and ordinal date, an alternative predictor of phenology, for peak moth abundance. Our results show that GDD outperformed the ordinal dates in predicting peak moth abundance in 6 out of 10 selected locations. Using established thresholds of 13.0/34.0 °C, mean DD accumulated between the consecutive moth peaks across different years were estimated at 504.05 ± 4.84. Seven generations were determined for pink bollworm in a cropping season, the length of which varied between 35 and 73 days in response to temperature. Pink bollworm population reached its peak during third generation which can be the target for management actions. The study provides essential information for developing pink bollworm management strategies under climate change.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degree day-based model predicts pink bollworm phenology across geographical locations of subtropics and semi-arid tropics of India

Fand

Nagrare

Bal

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Pink bollworm populations in India have immense capacity to develop resistance against the Bt Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab toxins of Bt Bollgard cotton in India (Fand et al, 2019; Mohan et al, 2016; Naik et al, 2018; Tabashnik & Carrière, 2017). The non‐compliance of the farmers with the refugee strategy could be one of the reasons for the resistance development and subsequent field control failure of P. gossypiella (Wan et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, the cultivation of Bt cotton in India increased to 10.4 million hectares by 2013 (>95% of the cotton area) (Fabrick et al, 2014; James, 2011). Soon after the introduction, PBW also developed field resistance to two Bt cotton hybrids containing Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab which led to crop failure and severe yield loss in the country (Fand et al, 2019; Mohan, Ravi, Suresh, Sumerford, & Head, 2016; Naik, Kumbhare, Kranthi, Satija, & Kranthi, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome alterations of field‐evolved resistance in Pectinophora gossypiella against Bt Bollgard II cotton in India

Agrawal

Venkatesan

Gracy

et al. 2020

J Applied Entomology

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Genetically engineered crops expressing insect control traits, especially the toxin encoding genes of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, have protected the crop plants for years. However, recent data from monitoring revealed 19 cases of field-evolved resistance to Bt crops worldwide (Tabashnik & Carrière, 2019). In India, the commercial cultivation of Bt cotton expressing Bt Cry1Ac (Bt Bollgard I) was introduced in 2002. However, widespread resistance to Cry1Ac toxin in the cotton pink bollworm (PBW), Pectinophora gossypiella, emerged owing to the non-adoption of resistance management strategies by the farmers (Dhurua & Gujar, 2011). The situation demanded introduction of cotton hybrids expressing both Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab toxins (Bt Bollgard II). Subsequently, the cultivation of Bt cotton in India increased to 10.4 million hectares by 2013 (>95% of the cotton area) (Fabrick et al., 2014; James, 2011). Soon after the introduction, PBW also developed field resistance to two Bt cotton hybrids containing Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab which led to crop failure and severe yield loss in the country (

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“…The Bt cotton hybrid (GM cotton) was introduced to India in 2002 followed by a radical transformation of cotton cultivation [8]. Initially with the introduction of GM cotton with Bollgard I, bollworm became a minor problem in GM cotton fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On top of that, some species have developed resistances against GM cotton [10,11]. In a recent study widespread infestation of 40 to 95% of pink bollworm on Bt cotton was reported for Maharashtra State [8]. However, information on the extent of damage caused by bollworm in non-GM and GM cotton fields in India is lacking or inconsistent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extent of Bollworm and Sucking Pest Damage on Modern and Traditional Cotton Species and Potential for Breeding in Organic Cotton

et al. 2019

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Resistance against cotton bollworm is one of the main arguments for the use of genetically modified (GM) Bt cotton around the globe. The use of GM is prohibited in organic systems and thus the remunerative value of organic cotton cultivation depends on effective bollworm control. In this study, we investigated the extent of bollworm and sucking pest damage in 68 different hybrid and varietal lines of Gossypium hirsutum and varietal lines of G. arboreum at two different locations with contrasting soil fertility and water dynamics. The damage potential of bollworms was assessed from open capsules at two time points. Sucking pests were assessed at three time points using a scoring method. G. arboreum varietal lines and G. hirsutum hybrids were on average significantly more tolerant than G. hirsutum varietal lines to bollworm under fertile and irrigated situations. For sucking pests, the G. arboreum varietal lines were clearly more tolerant than G. hirsutum hybrids and varietal lines. Since, recently, pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella) became resistant against Bt cotton and pressure of sucking pests severely increased, screening of genetic resources and systems-based cotton breeding for bollworm and sucking pest tolerance will improve sustainability of organic and conventional cotton production.

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Widespread infestation of pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechidae) on Bt cotton in Central India: a new threat and concerns for cotton production

Cited by 49 publications

References 14 publications

Degree day-based model predicts pink bollworm phenology across geographical locations of subtropics and semi-arid tropics of India

Degree day-based model predicts pink bollworm phenology across geographical locations of subtropics and semi-arid tropics of India

Transcriptome alterations of field‐evolved resistance in Pectinophora gossypiella against Bt Bollgard II cotton in India

Extent of Bollworm and Sucking Pest Damage on Modern and Traditional Cotton Species and Potential for Breeding in Organic Cotton

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