Widespread Distribution of
            <i>Delacroixia coronata</i>
            and other Saprophytic Entomophthoraceae in Plant Detritus

Drechsler, Charles

doi:10.1126/science.115.2995.575

Cited by 49 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…La grande discordance existant entre la fr6quence de C. coronatus au niveau du sol (Dreehsler, 1952 ;Kj~ller, 1967 ;King, 1976 ;Coremans-Pelseneer, 1978) et le nombre extr6mement faible d'isolements de cette Entomophthorale a partir de pucerons morts trouves dans la nature a amene Remaudi6re et al, (1976b)/t 6mettre l'hypothese que l'obtention d'une culture de C. coronatus a partir d'un cadavre d'insecte est un ph6nomene fortuit : le (I) : Avecla collaboration technique de Mesdames M. ARNAULT et N. DELATRE, champignon n'est pas v6ritablement un parasite, il peut toutefois 6tre isol6 apres avoir contamink un insecte mort, soit d'une entomophthorose, soit d'une autre cause. Le present travail a pour but de consolider le bien-fond6 de cette hypothese ; en effet, la maitrise acquise ces derni6res ann6es clans l'isolement des Entomophthorales sur le terrain permet de pr6ciser les circonstances dans lesquelles C. coronatus est isole a partir de cadavres d'insectes.…”

Section: Depuis Que Conidiobolus Coronatus (Costantin) Batko a And6 Isounclassified

Données écologiques et expérimentales sur les potentialités entomopathogènes de l'entomophthoraleConidiobolus coronatus (Costantin) Batko

Papierok

1985

Entomophaga

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La finesse des proc6d6s mis au point pour la raise en culture de l'agent responsable des entomophthoroses d'insectes permet de montrer que Conidiobolus coronatus (Costantin) Batko se comporte dans la nature comme un pathogene opportuniste, contaminant secondairement des insectes morts d'une veritable entomophthorose ou de tout autre cause. C'est la premi6re fois qu'il est montr6 experimentalement qu'une souche de C. coronatus isol6e de l'homme est capable d'infecter un insecte. Les variations de l'infectivite entre 6 souches de provenances diverses : insectes, sol ou lesions humaines ne semblent pas li6es a la nature du substrat d'origine, la souche la plus active vis-a-vis du puceron du pois, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), 6rant celle isol6e du sol. Cependant, l'intensit6 de conidiog6nese in vivo semble liee ~t l'origine des souches 6tudiees, les souches isol6es de pucerons etant celles qui produisent le plus grand nombre de conidies sur les pucerons tues par le champignon.

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Section: Depuis Que Conidiobolus Coronatus (Costantin) Batko a And6 Isounclassified

Données écologiques et expérimentales sur les potentialités entomopathogènes de l'entomophthoraleConidiobolus coronatus (Costantin) Batko

Papierok

1985

Entomophaga

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“…Leaf detritus collected from different locations was screened for saprophytic Entomophthorales by canopying moistened litter on MGYP (malt extract-glucose-yeast extract-peptone agar) plates (Drechsler 1952;Srinivasan and Thirumalachar 1968). Isolates found in this study were obtained after 7 days, developing from forcibly discharged conidia in isolation plates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular chitinase production by some members of the saprophytic Entomophthorales group

2011

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Thirteen strains were isolated from different habitats, belonging to two genera, namely Conidiobolus and Basidiobolus, related to saprophytic Entomophthorales. Chitin flake colonization and agar-well diffusion tests were used to screen potential extracellular chitinase-producing strains in plate assays. Preliminary screening resulted in five chitinase producers that were further studied quantitatively. Results indicated that studied isolates of this group produced chitinase at different levels in chitin-containing as well as non-chitin-containing medium. Conidiobolus coronatus was found to be the most significant chitinase producer, giving 0.261 U/ml using colloidal chitin as a carbon source, among the isolates under study. This communication also reports the chitinolytic activity of Basidiobolus haptoporus, the effect of environmental and nutritional parameters on chitinase production, and utilization of fungal biomass as a carbon source, which hitherto had not been elaborated from this genus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ranarum, a widespread saprophytic fungus, is a member of the order Entomophthorales and has caused disease in humans (Davis et al, 1994;Drechsler, 1952Drechsler, , 1964Coremans-Pelseneer, 1973). When cultured it is easily identified based on its distinctive ''beaked'' zygospores and Streptomyces-like odor (Drechsler, 1958(Drechsler, , 1964. This organism was first isolated from healthy frog intestines and has since been cultured from feces and the intestinal lining of many species of amphibians (Drechsler, 1956;Robinow, 1963;Hutchinson and Nickerson, 1970;Nickerson and Hutchinson, 1971;Tills, 1974;Gugnani and Okafor, 1980;Okafor et al, 1984;Zahari et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When cultured it is easily identified based on its distinctive ''beaked'' zygospores and Streptomyces-like odor (Drechsler, 1958(Drechsler, , 1964. This organism was first isolated from healthy frog intestines and has since been cultured from feces and the intestinal lining of many species of amphibians (Drechsler, 1956;Robinow, 1963;Hutchinson and Nickerson, 1970;Nickerson and Hutchinson, 1971;Tills, 1974;Gugnani and Okafor, 1980;Okafor et al, 1984;Zahari et al, 1990). Groff et al (1991) reported the first epizootic of B. ranarum causing disease in amphibians; a fatal mycotic dermatitis in captive post-metamorphic dwarf African clawed frogs (Hymenochirus curtipes) affected 10,000 animals and resulted in almost 100% morbidity and mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Exposure of Canadian Toads to Basidiobolus Ranarum

Taylor

Williams

Mills

1999

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Experimental transmission of the fungus Basidiobolus ranarum was induced in two treatment groups of Canadian toads (Bufo hemiophrys) and caused a fatal mycotic dermatitis. Seven of 10 (70%) toads that had their ventral skin mildly abraded and exposed to B. ranarum developed hyperemia, and sloughing of their ventral skin and died. Toads with abraded ventral skin or exposure to infected skin also were affected statistically at a higher rate than those with abraded skin and exposure to pure cultures of B. ranarum innoculated into their water source. Of toads showing clinical disease, B. ranarum was identified by both impression smears and histology in all cases, but not from toads that appeared clinically healthy. The organism was cultured from 5 of 7 (71%) toads with clinical disease but not from any toad that appeared clinically healthy (n ϭ 28). This study documents methods of experimental transmission of B. ranarum, an organism responsible for causing a mycotic dermatitis that is fatal to toads.

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Widespread Distribution of Delacroixia coronata and other Saprophytic Entomophthoraceae in Plant Detritus

Cited by 49 publications

References 3 publications

Données écologiques et expérimentales sur les potentialités entomopathogènes de l'entomophthoraleConidiobolus coronatus (Costantin) Batko

Données écologiques et expérimentales sur les potentialités entomopathogènes de l'entomophthoraleConidiobolus coronatus (Costantin) Batko

Extracellular chitinase production by some members of the saprophytic Entomophthorales group

Experimental Exposure of Canadian Toads to Basidiobolus Ranarum

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