Widespread Distribution and Identification of Eight Novel Microcystins in Antarctic Cyanobacterial Mats

Wood, Susanna A.; Mountfort, Douglas O.; Selwood, Andrew I.; Holland, Patrick T.; Puddick, Jonathan; Cary, S. Craig

doi:10.1128/aem.01243-08

Cited by 78 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Although the presence of the unusual amino acid HArg has been previously reported in cyanobacterial toxins such as MCs [50][51][52][53] and nodularin, [54] it has never been described in Anabaenopeptins. For their similarity with the common variants B and F, respectively, we propose to define the two novel variants as Anabenopeptin B 1 and F 1 , respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A peptidomic approach for monitoring and characterising peptide cyanotoxins produced in Italian lakes by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation and quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

Ferranti

Nasi

Bruno

et al. 2011

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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In recent years, the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms in eutrophic freshwaters has been described all over the world, including most European countries. Blooms of cyanobacteria may produce mixtures of toxic secondary metabolites, called cyanotoxins. Among these, the most studied are microcystins, a group of cyclic heptapeptides, because of their potent hepatotoxicity and activity as tumour promoters. Other peptide cyanotoxins have been described whose structure and toxicity have not been thoroughly studied. Herein we present a peptidomic approach aimed to characterise and quantify the peptide cyanotoxins produced in two Italian lakes, Averno and Albano. The procedure was based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) analysis for rapid detection and profiling of the peptide mixture complexity, combined with liquid chromatography/electrospray ionisation quadrupole time-of- flight tandem mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS) which provided unambiguous structural identification of the main compounds, as well as accurate quantitative analysis of microcystins. In the case of Lake Averno, a novel variant of microcystin-RR and two novel anabaenopeptin variants (Anabaenopeptins B(1) and Anabaenopeptin F(1)), presenting homoarginine in place of the commonly found arginine, were detected and characterised. In Lake Albano, the peculiar peptide patterns in different years were compared, as an example of the potentiality of the peptidomic approach for fast screening analysis, prior to fine structural analysis and determination of cyanotoxins, which included six novel aeruginosin variants. This approach allows for wide range monitoring of cyanobacteria blooms, and to collect data for evaluating possible health risks to consumers, through the panel of the compounds produced along different years.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A peptidomic approach for monitoring and characterising peptide cyanotoxins produced in Italian lakes by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation and quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

Ferranti

Nasi

Bruno

et al. 2011

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…This study identified Nostoc sp. as a MC producer using amplification of the mcyE gene (Wood et al 2008a). A variant of MC, as well as the neurotoxin saxitoxin (STX), has also been detected in cyanobacterial communities in the Arctic (Kleinteich et al 2012).…”

Section: Cyanobacterial Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, very little is known regarding the toxins produced by cyanobacteria in Arctic and Antarctic lakes, ponds or even terrestrial environments. A study by Wood et al (2008a) assessed microcystin (MC), the largest and most structurally diverse group of cyanobacterial toxins, production and cyanobacterial community structure of Antarctic microbial mat samples. This study identified Nostoc sp.…”

Section: Cyanobacterial Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology and biogeochemistry of cyanobacteria in soils, permafrost, aquatic and cryptic polar habitats

et al. 2015

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Polar Regions (continental Antarctica and the Arctic) are characterized by a range of extreme environmental conditions, which impose severe pressures on biological life. Polar cold-active cyanobacteria are uniquely adapted to withstand the environmental conditions of the high latitudes. These adaptations include high ultra-violet radiation and desiccation tolerance, and mechanisms to protect cells from freeze-thaw damage. As the most widely distributed photoautotrophs in these regions, cyanobacteria are likely the dominant contributors of critically essential ecosystem services, particularly carbon and nitrogen turnover in terrestrial polar habitats. These habitats include soils, permafrost, cryptic niches (including biological soil crusts, hypoliths and endoliths), ice and snow, and a range of aquatic habitats. Here we review current literature on the ecology, and the functional role played by cyanobacteria in various Arctic and Antarctic environments. We focus on the ecological importance of cyanobacterial communities in Polar Regions and assess what is known regarding the toxins they produce. We also review the responses and adaptations of cyanobacteria to extreme environments.

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“…: +358 2 215 4028, fax: +358 2 241 0014. diene in Adda, the main chromophore absorbing at 238 nm, is also the source of absorbance spectra which is the basis for detection of microcystins and nodularins in HPLC-UV analysis. There are more than 90 structural variants of microcystins (partly reported in [9,10]) and more than 10 variants of nodularins identified this far (partly reported in [11,12]). The structure of microcystins is cyclo(-d-Ala-l-X-d-erythro-␤-methyl-Asp(iso-linkage)-l-Z-Addad-Glu(iso-linkage)-N-methyldehydro-Ala) where the l-amino acid residues in positions 2 (X) and 4 (Z) are the most commonly varying amino acids in the structure and give the name to the variant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

LC–ESI-Q-TOF-MS for faster and accurate determination of microcystins and nodularins in serum

Neffling

Spoof

Quilliam

et al. 2010

Journal of Chromatography B

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Widespread Distribution and Identification of Eight Novel Microcystins in Antarctic Cyanobacterial Mats

Cited by 78 publications

References 52 publications

A peptidomic approach for monitoring and characterising peptide cyanotoxins produced in Italian lakes by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation and quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

A peptidomic approach for monitoring and characterising peptide cyanotoxins produced in Italian lakes by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation and quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry

Ecology and biogeochemistry of cyanobacteria in soils, permafrost, aquatic and cryptic polar habitats

LC–ESI-Q-TOF-MS for faster and accurate determination of microcystins and nodularins in serum

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