Widely distributed breeding populations of Canada warbler (Cardellina canadensis) converge on migration through Central America

Roberto-Charron, Amélie; Kennedy, Jeremiah C.; Reitsma, Leonard R.; Tremblay, Junior A.; Krikun, Richard; Hobson, Keith A.; Ibarzabal, Jacques; Fraser, Kevin C.

doi:10.1186/s40850-020-00056-4

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 68 publications

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“…Notably, other populations of long‐distance migratory birds connected to the Eastern Andes are also experiencing declines, including populations of Canada Warbler (Wilson et al, 2018) and Cerulean Warbler, Setophaga cerulea (Raybuck et al, 2022). Additionally, in species such as the Canada Warbler, migration routes between North and South America can concentrate in small regions of Central America, which can also affect population trends (Roberto‐Charron et al, 2020). Given the phylogeographic split of the Maritime Provinces breeding population with the mainland (Colbeck et al, 2008), conservation of this migratory population may also be important for preserving genetic diversity within the species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐coverage whole genome sequencing for highly accurate population assignment: Mapping migratory connectivity in the American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla)

DeSaix,

Anderson,

Bossu

et al. 2023

Molecular Ecology

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Understanding the geographic linkages among populations across the annual cycle is an essential component for understanding the ecology and evolution of migratory species and for facilitating their effective conservation. While genetic markers have been widely applied to describe migratory connections, the rapid development of new sequencing methods, such as low‐coverage whole genome sequencing (lcWGS), provides new opportunities for improved estimates of migratory connectivity. Here, we use lcWGS to identify fine‐scale population structure in a widespread songbird, the American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla), and accurately assign individuals to genetically distinct breeding populations. Assignment of individuals from the nonbreeding range reveals population‐specific patterns of varying migratory connectivity. By combining migratory connectivity results with demographic analysis of population abundance and trends, we consider full annual cycle conservation strategies for preserving numbers of individuals and genetic diversity. Notably, we highlight the importance of the Northern Temperate‐Greater Antilles migratory population as containing the largest proportion of individuals in the species. Finally, we highlight valuable considerations for other population assignment studies aimed at using lcWGS. Our results have broad implications for improving our understanding of the ecology and evolution of migratory species through conservation genomics approaches.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‐coverage whole genome sequencing for highly accurate population assignment: Mapping migratory connectivity in the American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla)

DeSaix,

Anderson,

Bossu

et al. 2023

Molecular Ecology

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Cerulean Warblers exhibit parallel migration patterns and multiple migratory stopovers within the Central American Isthmus

Raybuck

Boves

Stoleson

et al. 2022

Ornithological Applications

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The Cerulean Warbler (Setophaga cerulea) is a declining Nearctic–Neotropical migratory songbird of conservation concern. Implementing full annual cycle conservation strategies to facilitate recovery has been difficult because we know little about the migratory period or strength of migratory connectivity between North American breeding and South American nonbreeding regions. Between 2014 and 2017, we deployed geolocators on 282 males at 14 study sites throughout the species’ range to (1) evaluate the strength and pattern of connectivity between breeding and nonbreeding regions, (2) identify approximate routes and stopover regions, and (3) document migration phenology. We obtained data from 26 birds and observed moderate migratory connectivity overall but documented strong parallel migration for birds breeding in two longitudinally disparate regions. Most (14 of 15; 93%) Appalachian breeders spent the stationary nonbreeding period in the Colombian/Venezuelan Andes, whereas most (5of 7; 71%) Ozark breeders spent the stationary nonbreeding period in Peru/Ecuador. The majority of spring migration (62%) was spent in Central America at multiple stopover locations between Panama and southern Mexico. The 2 migratory periods were approximately equal in duration: 38 ± 2 days (SE) in fall and 42 ± 2 days (SE) in spring. Based on the observed connectivity pattern, conservation of Appalachian breeding populations during the stationary nonbreeding period should focus on forest conservation and restoration in premontane/lower montane forests of Colombia and Venezuela, whereas Ozark breeding population conservation should focus on forest conservation and restoration efforts in Ecuador and Peru. Further conservation efforts are also needed on the breeding grounds, especially for the most sharply declining populations. And finally, conservation of forests used by Cerulean Warblers during stopover periods throughout Central America and southern Mexico, in southeastern United States coastal areas, and in the Mississippi Alluvial Valley will benefit individuals from multiple breeding locations and populations.

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Evolutionary integration of the geography and pacing of the annual cycle in migratory birds

Winger,

La Sorte,

Hack

et al. 2024

Preprint

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In migratory species, the temporal phases of the annual cycle are intrinsically linked to seasonally shifting geographic ranges. Despite intense interest in the annual cycle ecology of migration, a synthetic understanding of the relationship between the biogeography and phenology of seasonal migration remains elusive. Here, we interrogate the spatiotemporal structure of the annual cycle in a novel phylogenetic comparative framework. We use eBird, a massive avian occurrence dataset, to demarcate and measure in a consistent manner among species the portions of the annual cycle when a geographic distribution is stationary versus dynamic due to migration. Through comparative analyses of the durations of annual cycle stages for 150 species of migratory birds breeding in North America, we show that the duration of the migratory periods is remarkably consistent among species and is unrelated to the distance between breeding and nonbreeding locations. In other words, the seasonal distributions of long-distance migrants shift between their geographically distant stationary phases in the same amount of time as short-distance migrants, suggesting that individuals of long-distance migratory species have more synchronous periods of migration and likely a faster individual migratory pace than short-distance migrants. Our results further show that the amount of time a species spends on the breeding grounds is strongly inversely related to time spent on the nonbreeding grounds, revealing the length of the breeding versus nonbreeding stationary period to be the primary source of species-level variation in the pacing of the annual cycle, as opposed to the time needed for the migratory period. Further, our study reveals that the amount of time spent annually on the breeding versus nonbreeding grounds predicts the distance between breeding and nonbreeding locations, demonstrating key linkages between the biogeography of the migratory cycle, its phenology, and the evolution of life history tradeoffs.

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Widely distributed breeding populations of Canada warbler (Cardellina canadensis) converge on migration through Central America

Cited by 5 publications

References 68 publications

Low‐coverage whole genome sequencing for highly accurate population assignment: Mapping migratory connectivity in the American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla)

Low‐coverage whole genome sequencing for highly accurate population assignment: Mapping migratory connectivity in the American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla)

Cerulean Warblers exhibit parallel migration patterns and multiple migratory stopovers within the Central American Isthmus

Evolutionary integration of the geography and pacing of the annual cycle in migratory birds

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