Wideband coupled‐fed PIFA for HAC penta‐band clamshell mobile phone

Abstract

10, the fidelity of the proposed antenna is larger than 0.85 in the whole angle range of , which ensures the similarity between two pulses mentioned earlier. As shown in Figure 11, for the three different observation angles of , the peak-to-peak normalized value is 1.05, 1.5, and 2, respectively. The value decreases to 52.5% (Ϫ5.59 dB) at ϭ 90°, and 75% (Ϫ2.49 dB) at ϭ 45°, compared with the maximum one at ϭ 0°.In general, the results shown in Figures 8 -11 show that the proposed antenna is very useful in TOA measurement of positioning systems with different orientation change of antenna. CONCLUSIONA novel UWB square slot antenna with circular polarization is proposed and studied in this letter. It is investigated both in frequency and time domain. Results show that it has a 10-dB impedance bandwidth from 2.7 to 5.0 GHz, and a 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth from 3.5 to 4.8 GHz. This study shows that the proposed antenna can be used in lower UWB system generating circular polarization and in TOA positioning systems, and has more application value because it can be easily fabricated and integrated with other circuit components. ACKNOWLEDGMENTThis work was supported by the ASTAR SERC under grant 052-121-0086. 6. X.M. Qing, Z.N. Chen, and H.L. Chung, Ultra-wideband circularly polarized wide-slot antenna fed by three-stub hybrid coupler, In: IEEE international conference on ultra-wideband (ICUWB), 2007, pp. 487-490; art. no. 4380994. 7 .19-2007 [1]. To meet the HAC standard, several studies on the near-field EM (electromagnetic) fields radiated from a mobile phone have also been reported [2][3][4][5]. Among the studies, a clamshell mobile phone embedded with a wideband coupled-fed printed loop antenna of size 5.8 ϫ 10 ϫ 45 mm 3 (2.6 cm 3 ) has been shown to cover the GSM850/900/1800/1900/UMTS (824 -894/890 -960/ 1710(824 -894/890 -960/ -1880(824 -894/890 -960/ /1850(824 -894/890 -960/ -1990(824 -894/890 -960/ /1920(824 -894/890 -960/ -2170 penta-band WWAN operation and satisfy the HAC standard over the five operating bands [5]. The good HAC result makes the studied penta-band clamshell mobile phone in [5] a hearing-aid compatible communication device. However, the available promising internal anten- nas suitable for HAC penta-band mobile phone applications are still very few in the published articles. In this article, we present another promising wideband internal antenna suitable for covering the GSM850/900/1800/1900/UMTS bands and satisfying the latest HAC standard ANSI C63.19-2007, effective on June 6, 2008 [1]. The proposed antenna in this study is a coupled-fed PIFA, which is different from the loop-type antenna in [5,6] and shows a small occupied volume of 6 ϫ 5.8 ϫ 45 mm 3 or about 1.6 cm 3 only, much smaller than that (about 2.6 cm 3 ) in [6]. The coupled-fed PIFA has a simple structure and comprises two coupled strips of a longer one and a shorter one, both capacitively fed by a common feeding strip. The proposed PIFA is easy to fabricate at low cost by printing on a thin dielectric substrate and...

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