Wideband Circularly Polarized MIMO Antenna for High Data Wearable Biotelemetric Devices

Iqbal, Amjad; Smida, Besma; Alazemi, Abdullah J.; Waly, Mohamed Ibrahim; Mallat, Nazih Khaddaj; Kim, Sunghwan

doi:10.1109/access.2020.2967397

Cited by 88 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The DG of a system shows the influence of the diversity scheme on the transmitted power. We calculated the DG by using Equation ) 21 . The simulated and measured DG results of the antenna are given in Figure 6A‐C.…”

Section: Simulation and Measured Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The channel capacity loss (CCL) of the frequency‐tunable MIMO system is portrayed for three tuning ranges in Figure 7. The CCL is calculated by using Equation ) 21 and the CCL values are within the limit (CCL < 0.5 bps/Hz).

CCL = {- \log}_{2} \det ((), {normalΨ}_{ant})

where Ψ ant is the correlation matrix of the antenna.…”

Section: Simulation and Measured Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We calculated the DG by using Equation (6). 21 The simulated and measured DG results of the antenna are given in Figure 6A-C. The simulated and measured DG values of the MIMO system are greater than 9.87 dB in all three cases (at 0.6, 1.34, and 2.1 pF) in both the lower and higher frequency resonant bands.…”

Section: Mimo Parametersmentioning

confidence: 94%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Varactor diode‐baseddual‐bandfrequency tunable multiple‐input multiple‐output antenna

Smida

Iqbal

Selmi

et al. 2020

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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A microstrip feed line-based continuous frequency-tunable dual-band multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is proposed in this article. The proposed antenna comprises four hook-shaped radiators placed orthogonally to one another. The overall dimensions of the antenna are 45 × 45 × 1.6 mm 3 (0.77λ g × 0.77λ g × 0.027λ g [where λ g is the guided wavelength at the lower tunable resonant frequency]). The proposed antenna operates at dual-band, while tunability in the resonant frequencies is achieved by connecting varactor diodes with the radiating patches. The lower resonant band of the antenna can be tuned from 2.45 to 2.83 GHz (with the isolation of more than 17 dB in the whole operating band) and the upper frequency band is tunable from 5.14 to 6.3 GHz (with the isolation of more than 22 dB in the whole operating band). The properties of the antenna such as reflection coefficients, mutual couplings, radiation patterns, channel capacity losses, and multiplexing efficiencies are verified by measuring the fabricated prototype. The envelope correlation coefficient of the antenna is <0.11 for the lower frequency band and is <0.16 for the higher frequency band for all tuning cases. The proposed antenna is suitable for use in compact multiband MIMO applications because of its small size, dual-band characteristics, continuous frequency tuning capability, and good MIMO parameters.

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Section: Simulation and Measured Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CCL = {- \log}_{2} \det ((), {normalΨ}_{ant})

where Ψ ant is the correlation matrix of the antenna.…”

Section: Simulation and Measured Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Varactor diode‐baseddual‐bandfrequency tunable multiple‐input multiple‐output antenna

Smida

Iqbal

Selmi

et al. 2020

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

Self Cite

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“…In order to investigate safety concerns of the user, the SAR intensity must be validated. Therefore, the energy absorbed (SAR) by the user tissues' need not to cross the value of 1.6 W/Kg for 1-g tissue and 2 W/Kg for 10-g tissue [18][19][20]. Theoretically, SAR values are calculated using Equation (4).…”

Section: Specific Absorption Rate (Sar) Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Future Smartphone: MIMO Antenna System for 5G Mobile Terminals

et al. 2021

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In this article, an inverted L-shaped monopole eight elements Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna system is presented. The multi-antenna system is designed on a low cost 0.8 mm thick FR4 substrate having dimensions of 136 x 68 mm 2 resonating at 3.5GHz with a 6dB measured bandwidth of 450MHz, and with inter element isolation greater than 15 dB and gain of 4 dBi. The proposed design consists of eight inverted L-shaped elements and parasitic L-shaped strips extending from the ground plane. These shorted stripes acted as tuning stubs for the four inverted L-shaped monopole elements on the side of chassis. This is done to achieve the desired frequency range by increasing the electrical length of the antennas. A prototype is fabricated, and the experimental results show good impedance matching with reasonable measured isolation within the desired frequency range. The MIMO performances, such as envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and mean effective gain (MEG) are also calculated along with the channel capacity of 38.1bps/Hz approximately 2.6 times that of 4  4 MIMO system. Due to its simple shape and slim design, it may be a potential chassis for future handsets. Therefore, user hand scenarios, i.e. both single and dual hand are studied. Also, the effects of hand scenarios on various MIMO parameters are discussed along with the SAR. The performance of the proposed system in different scenarios suggests that the proposed structure holds promising future within the next generation radio smart phones.INDEX TERMS Antenna efficiency, channel capacity, gain, inverted L-shaped, MIMO antenna, next generation smart phones.

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“…Besides that, Ultrawideband (UWB) technology in WBANs can offer high bandwidth and operates within shortranges using low power levels [2]. For on-body applications, antennas are ideally required to be compact in size, low profile and with satisfactory performance, especially catering to mobile users [5]. To ensure the safety and comfort of users, these antennas are best to be integrated into the clothing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ENG and NZRI Characteristics of Decagonal-Shaped Metamaterial for Wearable Applications

Hossain

Sabapathy

Jusoh

et al. 2020

2020 International Conference on UK-China Emerging Technologies (UCET)

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A decagonal-shaped split ring resonator metamaterial based on a wearable or textile-based material is presented in this work. Analysis and comparison of various structure sizes are compared considering a compact 6×6 mm 2 metamaterial unit cell, in particular, where robust transmissionreflection (RTR) and Nicolson-Ross-Weir (NRW) methods have been performed to extract the effective metamaterial parameters. An investigation based on the RTR method indicated an average bandwidth of 1.39 GHz with a near-zero refractive index (NZRI) and a 2.35 GHz bandwidth when considering epsilon negative (ENG) characteristics. On the other hand, for the NRW method, approximately 0.95 GHz of NZRI bandwidth and 2.46 GHz of ENG bandwidth have been observed, respectively. These results are also within the ultrawideband (UWB) frequency range, suggesting that the proposed unit cell structure is suitable for textile UWB antennas, biomedical sensors, related wearable systems, and other wireless body area network communication systems. Keywords-metamaterial, near-zero refractive index (NZRI), negative-index metamaterial, epsilon negative (ENG).

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Wideband Circularly Polarized MIMO Antenna for High Data Wearable Biotelemetric Devices

Cited by 88 publications

References 30 publications

Varactor diode‐baseddual‐bandfrequency tunable multiple‐input multiple‐output antenna

Varactor diode‐baseddual‐bandfrequency tunable multiple‐input multiple‐output antenna

Future Smartphone: MIMO Antenna System for 5G Mobile Terminals

ENG and NZRI Characteristics of Decagonal-Shaped Metamaterial for Wearable Applications

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