Wide impairment of cerebral serotoninergic activity but inter-individual heterogeneity in bulimia nervosa patients: a pilot [<sup>18</sup>F]MPPF/PET study

Galusca, Bogdan; Sigaud, Torrance; Costes, Nicolas; Redouté, Jérôme; Massoubre, Catherine; Estour, Bruno

doi:10.3109/15622975.2014.942358

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“… BN ( n = 10) AN ( n = 8) HCs ( n = 13) BN: 24 (2.5) AN: 22.8 (4.4) HCs: 27.5 (5.1) 100% One resting-state MRI Major affective disorder AN & BN vs HCs: smaller pituitary gland area and heights A trend approaching statistical significance was found: the area of the pituitary was negatively correlated with duration of illness 3. Galusca et al (2014) [ 39 ] The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 15 : 599-608. BN-P* (n=9) HCs (n=11) *only severe BN-P participants selected; criterion being at least one binge-purge episode/day for at least six months BN-P: Only the age range (18-30y) was reported.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the only study to use MRI and PET together, Galusca and colleagues [ 39 ] investigated cerebral serotonergic activity in severe BN-Purging (BN-P) (where severe BN-P was defined as at least one binge-purge episode every day for at least six months) and HC subjects two hours after lunch. Widespread abnormal cerebral serotonergic activity characterized the BN group, however inter-individual heterogeneity was found when individual comparisons were conducted between each BN patient and the HC group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This ranged from isolated to widespread increases in the binding potential of [ 18 F]MPPF (a serotonin specific radiogland used in PET). Binding potential is the central measure of PET [ 39 ]. Finally, Schafer and colleagues [ 24 ] conducted MRI with BN, BED and HC participants to investigate grey matter volume (GMV) abnormalities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroimaging in bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder: a systematic review

et al. 2018

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ObjectiveIn recent decades there has been growing interest in the use of neuroimaging techniques to explore the structural and functional brain changes that take place in those with eating disorders. However, to date, the majority of research has focused on patients with anorexia nervosa. This systematic review addresses a gap in the literature by providing an examination of the published literature on the neurobiology of individuals who binge eat; specifically, individuals with bulimia nervosa (BN) and binge eating disorder (BED).MethodsA systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines using PubMed, PsycInfo, Medline and Web of Science, and additional hand searches through reference lists. 1,003 papers were identified in the database search. Published studies were included if they were an original research paper written in English; studied humans only; used samples of participants with a diagnosed eating disorder characterised by recurrent binge eating; included a healthy control sample; and reported group comparisons between clinical groups and healthy control groups.ResultsThirty-two papers were included in the systematic review. Significant heterogeneity in the methods used in the included papers coupled with small sample sizes impeded the interpretation of results. Twenty-one papers utilised functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI); seven papers utilized Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with one of these using both MRI and Positron Emission Technology (PET); three studies used Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and one study used PET only. A small number of consistent findings emerged in individuals in the acute phase of illness with BN or BED including: volume reduction and increases across a range of areas; hypoactivity in the frontostriatal circuits; and aberrant responses in the insula, amygdala, middle frontal gyrus and occipital cortex to a range of different stimuli or tasks; a link between illness severity in BN and neural changes; diminished attentional capacity and early learning; and in SPECT studies, increased rCBF in relation to disorder-related stimuli.ConclusionsStudies included in this review are heterogenous, preventing many robust conclusions from being drawn. The precise neurobiology of BN and BED remains unclear and ongoing, large-scale investigations are required. One clear finding is that illness severity, exclusively defined as the frequency of binge eating or bulimic episodes, is related to greater neural changes. The results of this review indicate additional research is required, particularly extending findings of reduced cortical volumes and diminished activity in regions associated with self-regulation (frontostriatal circuits) and further exploring responses to disorder-related stimuli in people with BN and BED.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuroimaging in bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder: a systematic review

et al. 2018

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“…BED patients display hyperactivations in the ventral striatum and inferior frontal gyrus during reward anticipation, and reduced medial PFC activity during a monetary incentive delay task (Balodis et al, 2014 , 2013a ). On PET imaging, areas like the insula, PFC and ventral striatum, associated with reward-motivation and food-reward processing, have altered serotonergic and dopaminergic binding in BN (Broft et al, 2012 ; Galusca et al, 2014 ). An important associated feature may also be deficient behavioral self-regulation and impulsivity.…”

Section: Rdoc Domains As Ed Endophenotypes and Nibs Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, the insula (IN) is hypoactive when the participant views images of food. (B) Candidate positive valence NIBS targets for bulimia nervosa (BN) (Frank et al, 2006 , 2011 ; Bohon and Stice, 2011 ; Broft et al, 2012 ; Radeloff et al, 2012 ; Weygandt et al, 2012 ; Oberndorfer et al, 2013a ; Galusca et al, 2014 ). The ACC is hypoactive during reward anticipation, and this hypoactivity predicts later overeating.…”

Section: Rdoc Domains As Ed Endophenotypes and Nibs Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Neural Endophenotypes of Eating Disorders with Non-invasive Brain Stimulation

2016

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The term “eating disorders” (ED) encompasses a wide variety of disordered eating and compensatory behaviors, and so the term is associated with considerable clinical and phenotypic heterogeneity. This heterogeneity makes optimizing treatment techniques difficult. One class of treatments is non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS). NIBS, including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), are accessible forms of neuromodulation that alter the cortical excitability of a target brain region. It is crucial for NIBS to be successful that the target is well selected for the patient population in question. Targets may best be selected by stepping back from conventional DSM-5 diagnostic criteria to identify neural substrates of more basic phenotypes, including behavior related to rewards and punishment, cognitive control, and social processes. These phenotypic dimensions have been recently laid out by the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative. Consequently, this review is intended to identify potential dimensions as outlined by the RDoC and the underlying behavioral and neurobiological targets associated with ED. This review will also identify candidate targets for NIBS based on these dimensions and review the available literature on rTMS and tDCS in ED. This review systematically reviews abnormal neural circuitry in ED within the RDoC framework, and also systematically reviews the available literature investigating NIBS as a treatment for ED.

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The neurobiological reward system and binge eating: A critical systematic review of neuroimaging studies

Leenaerts

Jongen

Ceccarini

et al. 2022

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective Changes in reward processing are hypothesized to play a role in the onset and maintenance of binge eating (BE). However, despite an increasing number of studies investigating the neurobiological reward system in individuals who binge eat, no comprehensive systematic review exists on this topic. Therefore, this review has the following objectives: (1) identify structural and functional changes in the brain reward system, either during rest or while performing a task; and (2) formulate directions for future research. Methods A search was conducted of articles published until March 31, 2022. Neuroimaging studies were eligible if they wanted to study the reward system and included a group of individuals who binge eat together with a comparator group. Their results were summarized in a narrative synthesis. Results A total of 58 articles were included. At rest, individuals who binge eat displayed a lower striatal dopamine release, a change in the volume of the striatum, frontal cortex, and insula, as well as a lower frontostriatal connectivity. While performing a task, there was a higher activity of the brain reward system when anticipating or receiving food, more model‐free reinforcement learning, and more habitual behavior. Most studies only included one patient group, used general reward‐related measures, and did not evaluate the impact of comorbidities, illness duration, race, or sex. Discussion Confirming previous hypotheses, this review finds structural and functional changes in the neurobiological reward system in BE. Future studies should compare disorders, use measures that are specific to BE, and investigate the impact of confounding factors. Public Significance Statement This systematic review finds that individuals who binge eat display structural and functional changes in the brain reward system. These changes could be related to a higher sensitivity to food, relying more on previous experiences when making decisions, and more habitual behavior. Future studies should use a task that is specific to binge eating, look across different patient groups, and investigate the impact of comorbidities, illness duration, race, and sex.

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Wide impairment of cerebral serotoninergic activity but inter-individual heterogeneity in bulimia nervosa patients: a pilot [¹⁸F]MPPF/PET study

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

Neuroimaging in bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder: a systematic review

Neuroimaging in bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder: a systematic review

Targeting Neural Endophenotypes of Eating Disorders with Non-invasive Brain Stimulation

The neurobiological reward system and binge eating: A critical systematic review of neuroimaging studies

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Wide impairment of cerebral serotoninergic activity but inter-individual heterogeneity in bulimia nervosa patients: a pilot [18F]MPPF/PET study

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

Neuroimaging in bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder: a systematic review

Neuroimaging in bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder: a systematic review

Targeting Neural Endophenotypes of Eating Disorders with Non-invasive Brain Stimulation

The neurobiological reward system and binge eating: A critical systematic review of neuroimaging studies

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Wide impairment of cerebral serotoninergic activity but inter-individual heterogeneity in bulimia nervosa patients: a pilot [¹⁸F]MPPF/PET study