Wide energy range efficiency calibration for a lanthanum bromide scintillation detector

Favalli, Andrea; Mehner, H.-C.; Simonelli, Federica

doi:10.1016/j.radmeas.2007.11.062

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In spite of the higher brightness, our LaBr 3 :Ce films have not yet achieved the energy resolution of the reference crystal as shown in Table 1, which may be attributable to non-uniformities in dopant distribution, non-uniformity in light collection efficiency, and/or possibly phase variations in the polycrystalline structure. Our results for standard LaBr3:Ce crystals are in agreement with those previously reported in the literature [6]. Notably, the films demonstrate 1/e scintillation decay on the order of 8 ns, which is approximately a factor of two faster than that reported in literature for single crystals, and afterglow characteristics comparable to that of LaBr 3 :Ce crystalline material, indicating that the process of vapor deposition does not introduce any significant defect states that could compromise speed [3].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Growth and characterization of polycrystalline lanthanide halide scintillators

Nagarkar

Miller

Gelfandbein

et al. 2011

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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We are exploring a novel time- and cost-efficient approach to produce robust, large-volume polycrystalline lanthanide halide scintillators using a hot wall evaporation (HWE) technique. To date, we have fabricated LaBr3:Ce and LaCl3:Ce films (slabs) measuring up to 7 cm in diameter and 7+ mm in thickness (20 to 25 cm3 in volume) on quartz substrates. These polycrystalline scintillators exhibit very bright emissions approaching those exhibited by their melt-grown crystal counterparts. Scanning electron micrographs (SEMs) and X-ray diffraction analyses confirm polycrystalline growth with columnar structures, both of which help in light piping, thereby contributing to the observed high light yields. The new scintillators also exhibit good energy resolution for γ-rays over the tested range of 60 keV (241Am) to 662 keV (137Cs), although they have not yet reached that of the corresponding crystals. The measured response linearity over the same energy range is comparable for both our HWE synthesized films and melt-grown commercially-available reference crystals. Similar consistency in response is also observed in terms of their decay time and afterglow behaviors. The data collected so far demonstrate that our HWE technique permits the rapid creation of scintillators with desired structural and compositional characteristics, without the introduction of appreciable defects, and yields material performance equivalent to or approaching that of crystals. Consequently, the deposition parameters may be manipulated to tailor the physical and scintillation performance of the resulting structures, while achieving a cost per unit volume that is substantially lower than that of crystals. In turn, this promises to allow the use of these novel scintillation materials in such applications as SPECT, PET, room-temperature radioisotope identification and homeland security, where large volumes of materials in a wide variety of shapes and sizes are needed. This paper describes our growth and testing of polycrystalline LaBr3:Ce scintillators and provides comparative characterizations of their performance with crystals.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Growth and characterization of polycrystalline lanthanide halide scintillators

Nagarkar

Miller

Gelfandbein

et al. 2011

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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“…Accordingly, it seems that no experimental data have been used to evaluate any of these three isotopes. Since the 1970s significant advances have occurred in detector development, especially with the release of new lanthanide-halide scintillation detectors [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], as well as new data acquisition and signal-processing techniques [25,26]. Consequently, we wanted to take advantage of these advancements toward high-quality measurements of the γ -decay heat from the fission process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New prompt spectralγ-ray data from the reaction252Cf(sf) and its implication on present evaluated nuclear data files

et al. 2013

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We present results from new spectral prompt γ-ray measurements from the spontaneous fission of 252 Cf. Apart from one recent experiment, about four decades have passed since the last dedicated experiments were reported in the literature. Hence, there was a need for a revision. We have measured prompt fission γ rays with both cerium-doped LaBr 3 and CeBr 3 scintillation detectors, both of which exhibit excellent timing and good energy resolution. The emission yield was determined to be ν γ = (8.30 ± 0.08)/fission and ν γ = (8.31 ± 0.10)/fission, with the average energy of γ = (0.80 ± 0.01) MeV and γ = (0.80 ± 0.01) MeV and total energy of E γ,tot = (6.64 ± 0.08) MeV and E γ,tot = (6.65 ± 0.12) MeV, with the LaBr 3 and CeBr 3 detectors, respectively. Since the results from the two detectors are in excellent agreement and confirm the historical data, but not those in the present evaluated nuclear data files, we strongly recommend an update.

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“…Note that fully spent fuel assemblies produce 10 15 gamma rays per second, resulting in the count-rate capability being an important criterion among the requirements. New scintillation detectors, such as lanthanum bromide (LaBr 3 ), offer both significantly higher count-rate capabilities and higher energy resolution (~3% at the 662-keV gamma ray of 137 Cs) than the traditional sodium iodide (NaI) scintillator (~7% at the 662-keV gamma ray of 137 Cs) [19][20][21]. These new scintillation detectors may be an effective alternative for nuclear spent fuel applications, provided that the reduced resolution is sufficient for the measurement task at hand-in the current case, the measurement of passive gamma rays.…”

Section: Labr 3 Scintillation Detector As An Alternative Detector Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining initial enrichment, burnup, and cooling time of pressurized-water-reactor spent fuel assemblies by analyzing passive gamma spectra measured at the Clab interim-fuel storage facility in Sweden

Favalli

Grogan

et al. 2016

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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The purpose of the Next Generation Safeguards Initiative (NGSI)-Spent Fuel (SF) project is to strengthen the technical toolkit of safeguards inspectors and/or other interested parties. The NGSI-SF team is working to achieve the following technical goals more easily and efficiently than in the past using nondestructive assay measurements of spent fuel assemblies: (1) verify the initial enrichment, burnup, and cooling time of facility declaration; (2) detect the diversion or replacement of pins; (3) estimate the plutonium mass [which is also a function of the variables in (1)]; (4) estimate the decay heat; and (5) determine the reactivity of spent fuel assemblies. Since August 2013, a set of measurement campaigns has been conducted at the Central Interim Storage Facility for Spent Nuclear Fuel (Clab), in collaboration with Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB). One purpose of the measurement campaigns was to acquire passive gamma spectra with high-purity germanium and lanthanum bromide scintillation detectors from Pressurized Water Reactor and Boiling Water Reactor spent fuel assemblies. The absolute 137 Cs count rate and the 154 Eu/ 137 Cs, 134 Cs/ 137 Cs, 106 Ru/ 137 Cs, and 144 Ce/ 137 Cs isotopic ratios were extracted; these values were used to construct corresponding model functions (which describe each measured quantity's behavior over various combinations of burnup, cooling time, and initial enrichment) and then were used to determine those same quantities in each measured spent fuel assembly. The results obtained in comparison with the operator declared values, as well as the methodology developed, are discussed in detail in the paper.

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Wide energy range efficiency calibration for a lanthanum bromide scintillation detector

Cited by 20 publications

References 3 publications

Growth and characterization of polycrystalline lanthanide halide scintillators

Growth and characterization of polycrystalline lanthanide halide scintillators

New prompt spectralγ-ray data from the reaction252Cf(sf) and its implication on present evaluated nuclear data files

Determining initial enrichment, burnup, and cooling time of pressurized-water-reactor spent fuel assemblies by analyzing passive gamma spectra measured at the Clab interim-fuel storage facility in Sweden

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