Why to use propensity score in observational studies? Case study based on data from the Czech clinical database AHEAD 2006-09

Littnerová, Simona; Jarkovský, Jiří; Pařenica, Jiří; Pavlík, Tomáš; Špinar, Jindřich; Dušek, Ladislav

doi:10.1016/j.crvasa.2013.04.001

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…All analyses were conducted using univariate analysis and multivariate analysis adjusted with selected potential confounders. We performed the propensity score matching method (PSM) to control for selection bias by adjusting for the impact of given confounding factors [ 25 ]. All analyses were re-evaluated after checking for balance in the characteristics of matched groups.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Use of Hydrochlorothiazide and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer: Common Data Model Cohort Study in Asian Population

Lee

Kim

Yoon

et al. 2020

JCM

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Although hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) has been suggested to increase skin cancer risk in white Westerners, there is scant evidence for the same in Asians. We analyzed the association between the use of hydrochlorothiazide and non-melanoma in the Asian population using the common data model. Methods: A retrospective multicenter observational study was conducted using a distributed research network to analyze the effect of HCTZ on skin cancer from 2004 to 2018. We performed Cox regression to evaluate the effects by comparing the use of HCTZ with other antihypertensive drugs. All analyses were re-evaluated using matched data using the propensity score matching (PSM). Then, the overall effects were evaluated by combining results with the meta-analysis. Results: Positive associations were observed in the use of HCTZ with high cumulative dose for non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) in univariate analysis prior to the use of PSM. Some negative associations were observed in the use of low and medium cumulative doses. Conclusion: Although many findings in our study were inconclusive, there was a non-significant association of a dose-response pattern with estimates increasing in cumulative dose of HCTZ. In particular, a trend with a non-significant positive association was observed with the high cumulative dose of HCTZ.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Use of Hydrochlorothiazide and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer: Common Data Model Cohort Study in Asian Population

Lee

Kim

Yoon

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…The purpose of the propensity score method is eliminating the covariate imbalance between treatment and control groups. Covariates are balanced if the treatment and control groups have the same distribution of observed covariates [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propensity score stratification using bootstrap aggregating classification trees analysis

Otok

Musa

Purhadi

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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Introduction Observational research in the field of health often does not conduct randomized controlled trials on research subjects. A non-random selection process on research subjects can result in a biased treatment effect due to an imbalance between the treatment and control groups. Methods The problem of bias effects can be dealt with by reducing the bias in the confounding variable using the propensity score method. Estimation of propensity score can use machine learning method with a classification tree analysis approach. The resulting single classification tree model is still unstable if there is a slight change in learning data. Therefore, the ensemble method is applied which is bootstrap aggregating the classification tree as a tool to improve the stability and predictive power of the classification tree. Results This study aims to determine the effect of giving treatment antiretroviral therapy and counseling to opportunistic infections in HIV AIDS patients. The result of propensity score stratification analysis using bootstrap aggregating classification trees analysis is able to reduce the bias by 89.54%, using 5 strata and having a balanced covariate in each stratum. Conclusion Testing the effect of treatment shows that there is a significant effect of giving antiretroviral therapy and counseling to opportunistic infections in HIV AIDS patients.

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“…So, a standard protocol for assessing the professionalism in surgeons is needed [41, 42]. Treatment selection bias is hard to assess and can be mostly eliminated in RCTs [43], and in the absence of RCTs, the propensity score matching is calculated [44]. However, it has been stated that “To date, there is no clear indication of whether propensity scores can remove the selection bias that jeopardizes quasi-experiments” [45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treating empyema thoracis using video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and open decortication procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis by meta-mums tool

Sokouti¹,

Sadeghi²,

Pashazadeh³

et al. 2019

aoms

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Introduction The optimal treatment of empyema thoracis is still debatable between academics and surgeons. This study reviews advantages and disadvantages of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and open thoracotomy decortication (OTD) considering outcomes of empyema thoracis. Materials and methods A descriptive Boolean query was used for searching three databases to extract the published studies up to 27 March 2017. The outcomes of VATS and OTD were extracted and assessed by random-effects model of meta-analysis. The Egger’s test and trim-and-fill method were used for analyzing publication bias, and, meta-regression and subgroup analyses were done for determining heterogeneity. Results A total of 2219 patients, from 13 studies, meeting the inclusion criteria were selected and subjected to further analyses. Of 2219 patients, 1120 were treated by VATS and the remaining were subjected to OTD. During VATS, 252 patients were converted to OTD. Forest plots showed that VATS was far superior in terms of incidence of duration of hospital stay and operative time (SMDs = 1.189, 1.565; p < 0.001, < 0.001) compared to OTD. Mortality, prolonged air leakage, wound infection, and recurrence rates (ORs = 1.234, 2.564, 1.363, 1.962; p = 0.576, 0.077, 0.0692, 0.4) had no advantages for both procedures while failure or conversion rate (OR = 0.198, p < 0.001) of VATS was more than those of OTD. Conclusions The results of the current research suggest no trends of superior outcomes with VATS in the treatment of empyema thoracis. Hence, VATS and OTD could be recommended as treatments for empyema thoracis.

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Why to use propensity score in observational studies? Case study based on data from the Czech clinical database AHEAD 2006-09

Cited by 32 publications

References 26 publications

Association between Use of Hydrochlorothiazide and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer: Common Data Model Cohort Study in Asian Population

Association between Use of Hydrochlorothiazide and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer: Common Data Model Cohort Study in Asian Population

Propensity score stratification using bootstrap aggregating classification trees analysis

Treating empyema thoracis using video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and open decortication procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis by meta-mums tool

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