Why people self-verify.

Swann, William B.; Stein-Seroussi, Alan; Giesler, Reiner

doi:10.1037/0022-3514.62.3.392

Cited by 534 publications

(454 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Although language use is often assumed to represent a relatively spontaneous behaviour (Swann, Stein-Seroussi, & Giesler, 1992), it is arguably not as spontaneous as behaviours that occur at early, lower-order stages of attentional processing. Recent research has demonstrated that once attention has been directed toward an attractive member of the preferred sex, perceivers find it difficult to disengage (e.g., Maner, Gailliot, & DeWall, 2007), unless recently prompted to think of their love for their partner (Maner, Rouby, & Gonzaga, 2008).…”

Section: Overview and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship-specific identification and spontaneous relationship maintenance processes.

Linardatos¹,

Lydon²

2011

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Attractive alternative partners pose a relational threat to people in romantic relationships. Given that people are often limited in their time and energy, having the capacity to effortlessly respond to such relational threats is extremely useful. In 4 studies, we explored how people's identity in terms of their romantic relationship—their relationship-specific identity—affects their relationship-protective behaviors. We predicted that once a relationship becomes a part of one's sense of self, relationship maintenance responses are exhibited in a relatively fluid, spontaneous manner. In Study 1, we assessed the convergent and divergent validity of relationship-specific identification, demonstrating how it is associated with other relationship constructs. In Study 2, we found that less identified participants mentioned their relationship less than those high in relationship-specific identification, but only when interacting with an attractive member of their preferred sex. In Study 3, using a dot-probe visual cuing task, we found that when primed with an attractive member of their preferred sex, those low in relationship-specific identification gazed longer at attractive preferred-sex others compared to those high in relationship-specific identification. In Study 4, we found that relationship-specific identification was associated with relationship survival 1–3 years after the initial assessment. The present results demonstrate that relationship-specific identification predicts relatively spontaneous, pro-relationship responses in the face of relational threat.

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Section: Overview and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship-specific identification and spontaneous relationship maintenance processes.

Linardatos¹,

Lydon²

2011

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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“…Moreover, people are highly motivated to express their self-identities, often through consumption experiences (Aaker 1999;Belk 1988;Berger and Heath 2007;Celsi, Rose, and Leigh 1993;Shavitt, Lowrey, and Han 1992;Vazire and Gosling 2004). They are also highly motivated to maintain a consistent and stable self-identity and will reject information that challenges this self-identity (Swann 1987;Swann, Stein-Seroussi, and Giesler 1992). In this light, we propose that people will be especially reluctant to artificially enhance themselves in ways that are believed to alter their fundamental selves.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preferences for Enhancement Pharmaceuticals: The Reluctance to Enhance Fundamental Traits

Riis¹,

Simmons²,

Goodwin³

2008

J Consum Res

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“…The main mechanism linking over-disidentification with anti-organizational crimes is self-verification (Burke 1991, Burke and Harold 2005, Swann 1983, Swann and Read 1981, Swann et al 1992. As with overidentification, over-disidentifiers still see their organizations as highly central to their self-definitions-though there is less blurring of person and organization, as is the case with over-identifiers.…”

Section: Anti-organizationalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Self-expansion argues that an individual's self-construal includes one's organizational membership. And according to self-verification theory (Burke 1991, Burke and Harold 2005, Swann 1983, Swann and Read 1981, Swann et al 1992, once individuals form self-views, they work to stabilize them by seeking and embracing experiences that match their self-views and by avoiding or rejecting experiences that challenge them. And when faced with a challenging situation that potentially threatens individuals' view of the self, they are motivated to respond to this situation both affectively and behaviorally.…”

Section: Over-identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Love, Hate, Ambivalence, or Indifference? A Conceptual Examination of Workplace Crimes and Organizational Identification

Vadera

Pratt

2013

Organization Science

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A lthough research has shown that there may be very different types of workplace crimes, scholarly work in this area (a) is currently fragmented with very little communication between very similar streams of research and (b) tends to be incomplete and can lead to conflicting findings. We address both of these shortcomings. First, we propose a typology of different types of workplace crimes (consisting of pro-organizational, nonaligned-organizational, and anti-organizational crimes) based on the intentions of the perpetrators. Second, we link these intentions to various identification "pathologies"-such as over-identification and over-disidentification, under-identification and ambivalent identification-and argue that these pathologies are linked to propensities to commit certain types of workplace crimes. Specifically, we contend that over-identification and over-disidentification have direct effects on workplace crimes, whereas under-identification and ambivalent identification indirectly influence the propensity to engage in workplace crimes. We suggest that this research aids us in clarifying the inconsistent conclusions in previous work in the domain of workplace crimes and that it emphasizes the importance of including organizational identification as a key factor in the extant models of workplace crimes. This research also highlights policy implications regarding workplace crimes in that it suggests that different agencies may be more effective in enforcing the law and disciplining those engaged in the different types of workplace crimes. IntroductionIn the wake of several corporate scandals, there has been a renewed interest in better understanding workplace crimes. In addition to reputation-based costs, U.S. corporations estimate that they lose 5% of their revenues because of workplace crimes (Association of Certified Fraud Examiners 2010). In dollar terms, this figure translates to approximately $2.9 trillion in losses, with more than one quarter of companies losing at least $1 million. Even after Enron and similarly salient instances of misconduct, episodes of workplace crime remain high (Ethics Resource Center 2009). In fact, a 2008-2009 study on ethics in the workplace revealed that "nearly three out of four employees (74%) report that they have personally observed or have firsthand knowledge of wrongdoing within their organizations during the previous 12 months" (KPMG 2009, p. iii).Such significant losses provide renewed motivation to better understand the underpinnings of workplace crimes so that episodes of such activity can be minimized. However, attempts to explore the antecedents of workplace crimes have been hindered in at least two ways. 1996). Further, research in this area is fragmented and is conducted in silos with very little communication between similar streams of scholarly work. Thus, broad-brush approaches to understanding all workplace crimes are often limited in scope . Second, although the investigation of the precursors of workplace crimes has informed our knowledge of the cond...

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Why people self-verify.

Cited by 534 publications

References 41 publications

Relationship-specific identification and spontaneous relationship maintenance processes.

Relationship-specific identification and spontaneous relationship maintenance processes.

Preferences for Enhancement Pharmaceuticals: The Reluctance to Enhance Fundamental Traits

Love, Hate, Ambivalence, or Indifference? A Conceptual Examination of Workplace Crimes and Organizational Identification

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