Why monkeys do not get multiple sclerosis (spontaneously)

Bove, Riley

doi:10.1093/emph/eoy002

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 300 publications

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“…In agreement with the literature, lower EDSS grades would allow for greater participation in physical therapy, the same as an extended daily activity window (and therefore less nocturnal rest). A relapsing-remitting form of MS can stand for more focal damage in the central nervous system (an earlier disease state (i.e., less accumulated disability) was excluded by a missing variance inflation of EDSS and TYPE, and age was not significant) resulting in greater potential of cortical plasticity and allowing for greater neural repair of damage [ 22 ] (although age was not a predictor). A reduced pursuit performance could suggest a ceiling effect on the other end (the best performers) of the spectrum (the distribution of PURSUIT was skewed to the left), a similar bias as in the study by Langdorn and Thompson [ 5 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inpatient Rehabilitation: Prediction of Changes in Sensorimotor Performance in Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study

Gulde¹,

Hermsdörfer

Rieckmann³

2021

JCM

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Inpatient rehabilitation has been shown to be an effective intervention for sensorimotor performance in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. So far, predictions of the rehabilitation outcomes are limited. The objective was to predict inpatient rehabilitation outcomes by changes in the Watzmann Severity Scale (WSS), a statistical estimation of the EDSS by sensorimotor capacity. Sensorimotor performance and physical activity during rehabilitation (by actigraphy) were assessed in a sample of 28 MS patients at a facility for neurorehabilitation. Daily changes in the WSS were predicted by a model of multiple linear regression. The resulting model had an R2adjusted of 0.48 (p < 0.01) and revealed five impacting factors (a reduction in the WSS represents an improvement): the number of steps (β-weight = 0.52, p < 0.01), the duration of nocturnal rest time (β-weight = 0.46, p = 0.01), the EDSS at entry (β-weight = 0.38, p = 0.03), a relapsing-remitting MS (β-weight = 0.37, p = 0.03), and the performance in a visuomotor pursuit task with time pressure (β-weight = −0.35, p = 0.04). One standard deviation improvement was predicted when the patient at admission yielded 6600 fewer steps per day, 94 min less rest per night, −2.7 points in the EDSS at entry, a relapsing-remitting MS, and a pursuit task performance that decreased by 2.2 standard deviations. Overall, the patients improved by −0.22 ± 0.51 WSS points during 19.3 ± 4.5 d of inpatient rehabilitation. Different potential explanations of the findings are discussed, one of which proposes that the results reflect an unhealthy lifestyle which, in addition to MS, would explain the higher predicted improvements by rehabilitation tackling both MS and the patients’ lifestyle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inpatient Rehabilitation: Prediction of Changes in Sensorimotor Performance in Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study

Gulde¹,

Hermsdörfer

Rieckmann³

2021

JCM

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“…1–2 in 1000 persons in central Europe 1 , 2 . The common onset is in early adulthood and a plethora of different symptoms can arise from a commonly initially relapsing immune reaction against the myelin sheath of neurons of the central nervous system 3 . Motor symptoms can be a reduced muscle strength, spasticity, an increased fatigability, and coordinative impairments like ataxia 4 – 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

State and trait of finger tapping performance in multiple sclerosis

Gulde

Vojta²,

Hermsdörfer

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Finger tapping tests have been shown feasible to assess motor performance in multiple sclerosis (MS) and were observed to be strongly associated with the estimated clinical severity of the disease. Therefore, tapping tests could be an adequate tool to assess disease status in MS. In this study we examined potential influencing factors on a maximum tapping task with the whole upper-limb for 10 s in 40 MS patients using linear mixed effects modelling. Patients were tested in three sessions with two trials per body-side per session over the course of 4–27 days of inpatient rehabilitation. Tested factors were the expanded disability scale (EDSS) score, laterality of MS, age, sex, hand dominance, time of day, session, trial (first or second), time between sessions, and the reported day form. A second model used these factors to examine the self-reported day form of patients. Linear mixed effects modelling indicated the tapping test to have a good inter-trial (proportional variance < 0.01) and inter-session reliability (non-significant; when controlling for time between sessions), an influence of hand-dominance (proportional variance 0.08), to be strongly associated with the EDSS (eta2 = 0.22, interaction with laterality of MS eta2 = 0.12) and to be not associated with the reported day form. The model explained 87% (p < 0.01) of variance in tapping performance. Lastly, we were able to observe a positive effect of neurologic inpatient rehabilitation on task performance obvious from a significant effect of the time between sessions (eta2 = 0.007; longer time spans between sessions were associated with higher increments in performance). Day form was only impacted by EDSS and the time of the day (p < 0.01, R2 = 0.57, eta2TIME = 0.017, eta2EDSS = 01.19). We conclude that the tapping test is a reliable and valid assessment tool for MS.

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“…in the presence of ischemia, injury, ictus, neurodegenerative pathology or tumor), by considering an” activity” tensor dependent on the nuon frequencies and fluxes defined on a dendritic density field [ 45 ]. Furthermore, the study of the activity tensor with the particle model can try to explain evolutionary puzzles related to multiple sclerosis, difficult to solve with electrophysiological models (see [ 46 ]). Other possible applications will exploit “nuon coding” [ 7 ] to study and develop complex networks, quantum computing, artificial intelligence, machine and deep learning, cryptography, ultra-fast lines for entanglement experiments and so on.…”

Section: Conclusion and Possible Insightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical field theory of the transmission of nerve impulses

Balzo

2021

Theor Biol Med Model

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Background Stochastic processes leading voltage-gated ion channel dynamics on the nerve cell membrane are a sufficient condition to describe membrane conductance through statistical mechanics of disordered and complex systems. Results Voltage-gated ion channels in the nerve cell membrane are described by the Ising model. Stochastic circuit elements called “Ising Neural Machines” are introduced. Action potentials are described as quasi-particles of a statistical field theory for the Ising system. Conclusions The particle description of action potentials is a new point of view and a powerful tool to describe the generation and propagation of nerve impulses, especially when classical electrophysiological models break down. The particle description of action potentials allows us to develop a new generation of devices to study neurodegenerative and demyelinating diseases as Multiple Sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease, even integrated by connectomes. It is also suitable for the study of complex networks, quantum computing, artificial intelligence, machine and deep learning, cryptography, ultra-fast lines for entanglement experiments and many other applications of medical, physical and engineering interest.

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Why monkeys do not get multiple sclerosis (spontaneously)

Cited by 16 publications

References 300 publications

Inpatient Rehabilitation: Prediction of Changes in Sensorimotor Performance in Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study

Inpatient Rehabilitation: Prediction of Changes in Sensorimotor Performance in Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study

State and trait of finger tapping performance in multiple sclerosis

Statistical field theory of the transmission of nerve impulses

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