Why Is the Nervous System Vulnerable to Oxidative Stress?

Friedman, Joseph H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-514-9_2

Cited by 89 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Increased free-radical activities have been generally shown to decrease viability and integrity of nerve cells (Friedman, 2010). Earlier study by Ogundeji et al (2012) has shown that lycopene exerts antioxidant effects by enhancing behavioural responses through decreased brain free-radical activities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural and haematological studies on effects of lycopene in Wistar rats subjected to psychological stress

Ogundeji¹,

Ayo²,

Aluwong³

et al. 2013

J. Neurosci. Behav. Health

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This study investigated the effects of prior lycopene supplementation on behaviour and haematology of Wistar rats subjected to psychological stress. Four groups of Wistar rats, each comprising seven animals were investigated: unstressed (U-Control), unstressed + lycopene (U+Lyco), stressed (SControl) and stressed + lycopene (S+Lyco). Olive oil was given by oral gavage to each rat in the groups, either singly or mixed with 10 mg/kg lycopene daily for two weeks. S-Control and S+Lyco groups were subjected to psychological stress followed by behavioural assessment using excitability score test. Blood samples were collected after sacrificing the animals and then analyzed. Psychological stress increased (P < 0.05) erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in Wistar rats. Lycopene significantly increased excitability scores and total blood plasma proteins, and decreased (P > 0.05) erythrocyte MDA concentration. In conclusion, antioxidant properties of lycopene may be attenuating the effects of psychological stress on excitability score and erythrocytes of Wistar rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural and haematological studies on effects of lycopene in Wistar rats subjected to psychological stress

Ogundeji¹,

Ayo²,

Aluwong³

et al. 2013

J. Neurosci. Behav. Health

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“…Oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species is associated with cell apoptosis and plays an important role in the pathological process of neurodegenerative disorders. The nervous system is highly vulnerable to oxidative stress because of its increased oxygen consumption rate, presence of high concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids that are susceptible to lipid peroxidation, and is relatively deficient in antioxidant systems (Friedman 2011;Muller 1996). Neurodegeneration resulting from oxidative stress is believed to be implicated in the onset and progression of many neuronal disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Andersen 2004;Uttara et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective Effects of Bikaverin on H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress Mediated Neuronal Damage in SH-SY5Y Cell Line

et al. 2014

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The generation of free radicals and oxidative stress has been linked to several neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The use of free radical scavenging molecules for the reduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species is one of the strategies used in the clinical management of neurodegeneration. Fungal secondary metabolism is a rich source of novel molecules with potential bioactivity. In the current study, bikaverin was extracted from Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and its structural characterization was carried out. Further, we explored the protective effects of bikaverin on oxidative stress and its anti-apoptotic mechanism to attenuate H 2 O 2 -induced neurotoxicity using human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Our results elucidate that pretreatment of neurons with bikaverin attenuates the mitochondrial and plasma membrane damage induced by 100 lM H 2 O 2 to 82 and 26 % as evidenced by MTT and LDH assays. H 2 O 2 induced depletion of antioxidant enzyme status was also replenished by bikaverin which was confirmed by Realtime Quantitative PCR analysis of SOD and CAT genes. Bikaverin pretreatment efficiently potentiated the H 2 O 2 -induced neuronal markers, such as BDNF, TH, and AADC expression, which orchestrate the neuronal damage of the cell. The H 2 O 2 -induced damage to cells, nuclear, and mitochondrial integrity was also restored by bikaverin. Bikaverin could be developed as a preventive agent against neurodegeneration and as an alternative to some of the toxic synthetic antioxidants.

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“…The brain is an organ especially vulnerable to reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated injury for the following reasons: 1) high consumption of oxygen which is necessary for producing large amounts of ATP needed to maintain ion homeostasis, 2) neuronal membranes are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which are particularly vulnerable to free radical attack, 3) antioxidant defence mechanisms are modest, with low levels of catalase and glutathione peroxidase in particular, 4) the high Ca 2+ traffic across neuronal membranes and interference of ion transport increase intracellular Ca 2+ , often leading to oxidative stress, 5) iron is accumulated in the brain, and brain damage readily releases iron ions capable of catalysing free radical reactions [17]. Disruption of equilibrium of pro-oxidants and antioxidants results in oxidative stress that leads to the modification of DNA, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Original article Assessment of antioxidative activity of alkaloids from Huperzia selago and Diphasiastrum complanatum using in vitro systems

Czapski¹,

Szypuła²,

Kudlik³

et al. 2014

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Why Is the Nervous System Vulnerable to Oxidative Stress?

Cited by 89 publications

References 28 publications

Behavioural and haematological studies on effects of lycopene in Wistar rats subjected to psychological stress

Behavioural and haematological studies on effects of lycopene in Wistar rats subjected to psychological stress

Neuroprotective Effects of Bikaverin on H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress Mediated Neuronal Damage in SH-SY5Y Cell Line

Original article Assessment of antioxidative activity of alkaloids from Huperzia selago and Diphasiastrum complanatum using in vitro systems

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