Why is the Hubble flow so quiet?

Chernin, A. D.; Teerikorpi, P.; Baryshev, Yu. V.

doi:10.1016/s0273-1177(02)00731-7

Cited by 55 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The zero-gravity radius of the Virgo system is about 10 times larger than that of the Local system for which R ZG = 1−1.3 Mpc Chernin et al 2000Chernin et al , 2009. We see here the same factor 10 as for the phase structures of the Virgo and Local systems (Sect.…”

Section: Zero-gravity Radius In the Point-mass Approximationsupporting

confidence: 65%

Dark energy domination in the Virgocentric flow

Chernin¹,

Караченцев

Nasonova

et al. 2010

A&A

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Context. The standard ΛCDM cosmological model implies that all celestial bodies are embedded in a perfectly uniform dark energy background, represented by Einstein's cosmological constant, and experience its repulsive antigravity action. Aims. Can dark energy have strong dynamical effects on small cosmic scales as well as globally? Continuing our efforts to clarify this question, we now focus on the Virgo Cluster and the flow of expansion around it. Methods. We interpret the Hubble diagram from a new database of velocities and distances of galaxies in the cluster and its environment, using a nonlinear analytical model, which incorporates the antigravity force in terms of Newtonian mechanics. The key parameter is the zero-gravity radius, the distance at which gravity and antigravity are in balance. Results. 1. The interplay between the gravity of the cluster and the antigravity of the dark energy background determines the kinematical structure of the system and controls its evolution. 2. The gravity dominates the quasi-stationary bound cluster, while the antigravity controls the Virgocentric flow, bringing order and regularity to the flow, which reaches linearity and the global Hubble rate at distances > ∼ 15 Mpc. 3. The cluster and the flow form a system similar to the Local Group and its outflow. In the velocity-distance diagram, the cluster-flow structure reproduces the group-flow structure with a scaling factor of about 10; the zero-gravity radius for the cluster system is also 10 times larger. Conclusions. The phase and dynamical similarity of the systems on the scales of 1−30 Mpc suggests that a two-component pattern may be universal for groups and clusters: a quasi-stationary bound central component and an expanding outflow around it, caused by the nonlinear gravity-antigravity interplay with the dark energy dominating in the flow component.

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Section: Zero-gravity Radius In the Point-mass Approximationsupporting

confidence: 65%

Dark energy domination in the Virgocentric flow

Chernin¹,

Караченцев

Nasonova

et al. 2010

A&A

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“…Dark matter antigravity can also affect galaxy motions in our near environment in a volume several Mpc across, as first mentioned by Chernin et al (2000). The region is dominated by our Milky Way and its sister galaxy M 31 at 0.7 Mpc from us, approaching each other with a relative velocity 120 km s −1 .…”

Section: The Very Local Environmentmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The radical difference in the phase-space structure of the group and the outflow around it is the most prominent feature of the local Hubble cell. We have argued earlier (Chernin et al 2000(Chernin et al , 2006Chernin 2001;Teerikorpi et al 2008) that the physics behind this feature might be due to the interplay between the gravity of the group and antigravity of the dark energy background, so that the group size is less than R v and the flow starts at the distances R > R v (as in the example above). Therefore the zero-gravity surface is located somewhere in the gap between the group and the outflow in the distance interval of 1.2-1.6 Mpc.…”

Section: Zero-gravity Radiusmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Local dark matter and dark energy as estimated on a scale of ~1 Mpc in a self-consistent way

Chernin¹,

Teerikorpi²,

Valtonen³

et al. 2009

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Context. Dark energy was first detected from large distances on gigaparsec scales. If it is vacuum energy (or Einstein's Λ), it should also exist in very local space. Here we discuss its measurement on megaparsec scales of the Local Group. Aims. We combine the modified Kahn-Woltjer method for the Milky Way-M 31 binary and the HST observations of the expansion flow around the Local Group in order to study in a self-consistent way and simultaneously the local density of dark energy and the dark matter mass contained within the Local Group. Methods. A theoretical model is used that accounts for the dynamical effects of dark energy on a scale of ∼1 Mpc. Results. The local dark energy density is put into the range 0.8−3.7ρ v (ρ v is the globally measured density), and the Local Group mass lies within 3.1−5.8 × 10 12 M . The lower limit of the local dark energy density, about 4/5× the global value, is determined by the natural binding condition for the group binary and the maximal zero-gravity radius. The near coincidence of two values measured with independent methods on scales differing by ∼1000 times is remarkable. The mass ∼4 × 10 12 M and the local dark energy density ∼ρ v are also consistent with the expansion flow close to the Local Group, within the standard cosmological model. Conclusions. One should take into account the dark energy in dynamical mass estimation methods for galaxy groups, including the virial theorem. Our analysis gives new strong evidence in favor of Einstein's idea of the universal antigravity described by the cosmological constant.

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“…I.D.Karachentsev (Karachentsev & Kashlbadze, 2006;Karachentsev, 2005;Karachentsev et al, 2009;Karachentsev, Karachentseva & Huchtmeier, 2007) and A.D.Chernin (Chernin, Teerikorpi, Baryshev, 2003;Chernin et al, 2007;Chernin et al, 2009;Chernin et al, 2012;Chernin et al, 2013;Chernin et al, 2007;Chernin et al, 2012;Chernin, 2013;Teerikorpi & Chernin, 2010), studying the motions of galaxies in clusters, have shown that anti-gravity effects manifest themselves not only on a cosmic scale, but the scale of clusters of galaxies, for example -the Local Group, including our galaxy (the Milky Way) galaxy Andromeda and dozens of other smaller galaxies. M. Eingorn and A. Zhuk also studied in detail these issues (Brilenkov, Eingorn & Zhuk, 2015;Eingorn & Zhuk, 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Dominance of Dark Energy Leads to Reduction of the Entropy of Galaxies Flow and Entropy of the Universe

Bukalov

2015

OAP

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ABSTRACT. The existence of the Hubble flow recession of galaxies in terms of dominance of dark energy density, vacuum energy, reduces the gravitational entropy of clusters of galaxies, reducing the gravitational entropy of the Universe as a whole. Global dominance of dark energy leads to a decrease in entropy of the Universe within the cosmic event horizon.Keywords: Hubble flow, movement of galaxies, clusters of galaxies, dark energy, entropy of the UniverseThe dominance of dark energy in the modern era leads to the dominance of anti-gravitation of gravity on cosmological scales. I.D.Karachentsev (Karachentsev & Kashlbadze, 2006;Karachentsev, 2005;Karachentsev et al., 2009;Karachentsev, Karachentseva & Huchtmeier, 2007) and A.D.Chernin (Chernin, Teerikorpi, Baryshev, 2003;Chernin et al., 2007;Chernin et al., 2009;Chernin et al., 2012;Chernin et al., 2013;Chernin et al., 2007;Chernin et al., 2012;Chernin, 2013;Teerikorpi & Chernin, 2010), studying the motions of galaxies in clusters, have shown that anti-gravity effects manifest themselves not only on a cosmic scale, but the scale of clusters of galaxies, for example -the Local Group, including our galaxy (the Milky Way) galaxy Andromeda and dozens of other smaller galaxies. M. Eingorn and A. Zhuk also studied in detail these issues (Brilenkov, Eingorn & Zhuk, 2015;Eingorn & Zhuk, 2012). Observations and modeling have shown that at distances of 1-3 Mpc from the center of the gravity bounded Local Group of galaxies it is observed the local flow of divergent dwarf galaxies. The velocities of these galaxies are proportional to the distance from the center. A.D. Chernin et al. (2012) have shown that such flows, which are observed in other clusters at different scales, form under the influence of dark energy. So, for Local Groups zone of zero gravity in which the gravitational force is balanced by the force of attraction and anti-gravitation is the R ZG ≈1.3÷1.4 Mpc. Therefore, when R>R ZG the flow of recession of galaxies starts. A.D.Chernin and colleagues studied the behavior of galaxies streams, build charts based on experimental data and numerical simulation and showed that the phase trajectories of the local stream tend to phase attractor V=H x R, that corresponds to the Hubble law. In this case H x =(8πGρ x /3) 1/2 is determined by the local density of dark energy (Chernin, 2013). Therefore, when R>R ZG flow of receding galaxies starts. In this case the phase trajectories of the local flow tend to phase attractor V=H x R, that is, obey the Hubble law. From experimental diagram of velocities of galaxies we can estimate that the spread of own velocities of galaxies with R R ZG velocity spread to the theoretical velocity of Hubble divergence flow averages about ΔV= 12 km/s (Bukalov, 2014). Antigravity of dark energy, or the energy of the vacuum, reduces the dispersion of velocity galaxies. The difference in entropy in areas with R < R ZG and R > R ZG is negative, so "evaporation" of the ga...

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Why is the Hubble flow so quiet?

Cited by 55 publications

References 20 publications

Dark energy domination in the Virgocentric flow

Dark energy domination in the Virgocentric flow

Local dark matter and dark energy as estimated on a scale of ~1 Mpc in a self-consistent way

The Dominance of Dark Energy Leads to Reduction of the Entropy of Galaxies Flow and Entropy of the Universe

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