Why is sterility virulence most common in sexually transmitted infections? Examining the role of epidemiology

McLeod, David V.; Day, Troy

doi:10.1111/evo.13718

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(143 reference statements)

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“…The fixation probability, mean extinction time, and stationary distribution are accessible by the same means as for the continuum limit. Applications of diffusion approximations are abundant and cover diverse topics (e.g., Assaf & Mobilia, 2011;Constable et al, 2016;Czuppon & Gokhale, 2018;Czuppon & Traulsen, 2018;Débarre & Otto, 2016;Houchmandzadeh, 2015;Kang & Park, 2017;Koopmann et al, 2017;McLeod & Day, 2019;Parsons et al, 2018;Reichenbach et al, 2007;Schenk et al, 2020;Serrao & Täuber, 2017;Traulsen et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding evolutionary and ecological dynamics using a continuum limit

Czuppon

Traulsen

2021

Ecology and Evolution

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Continuum limits in the form of stochastic differential equations are typically used in theoretical population genetics to account for genetic drift or more generally, inherent randomness of the model. In evolutionary game theory and theoretical ecology, however, this method is used less frequently to study demographic stochasticity. Here, we review the use of continuum limits in ecology and evolution. Starting with an individual‐based model, we derive a large population size limit, a (stochastic) differential equation which is called continuum limit. By example of the Wright–Fisher diffusion, we outline how to compute the stationary distribution, the fixation probability of a certain type, and the mean extinction time using the continuum limit. In the context of the logistic growth equation, we approximate the quasi‐stationary distribution in a finite population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding evolutionary and ecological dynamics using a continuum limit

Czuppon

Traulsen

2021

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Applications of these finite population size approximations are abundant and cover diverse topics (e.g. Reichenbach et al, 2007;Assaf and Mobilia, 2011;Houchmandzadeh, 2015;Constable et al, 2016;Débarre and Otto, 2016;Kang and Park, 2017;Koopmann et al, 2017;Serrao and Täuber, 2017;Czuppon and Gokhale, 2018;Czuppon and Traulsen, 2018;Parsons et al, 2018;McLeod and Day, 2019;Schenk et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding evolutionary and ecological dynamics using a continuum limit

Czuppon¹,

Traulsen²

2020

Preprint

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This manuscript contains nothing new, but synthesizes known results: For the theoretical population geneticist with a probabilistic background, we provide a summary of some key results on stochastic differential equations. For the evolutionary game theorist, we give a new perspective on the derivations of results obtained when using discrete birth-death processes. For the theoretical biologist familiar with deterministic modeling, we outline how to derive and work with stochastic versions of classical ecological and evolutionary processes.

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“…Such a systematic derivation provides relations between ecological quantities such as the expected population growth rate and the variance in population growth rate and connects them to evolutionary forces such as natural selection and genetic drift in trait frequency space. Using these equations, we synthesize the connections between noise-induced effects on population dynamics, including the ‘Gillespie effect’ of bet-hedging theory (Gillespie, 1977), ‘noise-induced effects’ in ecological population models (Constable et al, 2016; Parsons et al, 2018), ‘drift-induced selection’ (Veller et al, 2017; Saunders et al, 2018), ‘noise-induced selection’ (Week et al, 2021), and long-term effects of demographic stochasticity through the effects of ‘evolutionary noise’ (McLeod and Day, 2019a; McLeod and Day, 2019b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-evolutionary dynamics for finite populations and the noise-induced reversal of selection

Bhat,

Guttal

2024

Preprint

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Theoretical studies from diverse areas of population biology have shown that demographic stochasticity can substantially impact evolutionary dynamics in finite populations, including scenarios where traits that are disfavored by natural selection can nevertheless increase in frequency through the course of evolution. Historically, most general analytic frameworks have either restricted themselves to models with constant or deterministically varying total population size or have resorted to dynamically insufficient formulations. Here, we analytically describe the eco-evolutionary dynamics of finite populations from demographic first principles to investigate how noise-induced effects can alter the evolutionary fate of populations in which total population size may vary stochastically over time. Starting from a generic birth-death process describing a finite population of individuals with discrete traits, we derive a set of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) that recover well-known descriptions of evolutionary dynamics such as the replicator-mutator equation, the Price equation, and Fisher’s fundamental theorem in the infinite population limit. For finite populations, our SDEs reveal how stochasticity can induce a directional evolutionary force termed ‘noise-induced selection’ via two distinct mechanisms, one that operates over relatively faster (ecological) timescales and another that is only apparent over longer (evolutionary) timescales. Despite arising from the stochasticity of finite systems, the effects of noise-induced selection are predictable and may oppose natural selection. In some cases, noise-induced selection can even reverse the direction of evolution predicted by natural selection. By extending and generalizing some standard equations of population genetics, we thus describe how noise-induced selection appears alongside and interacts with the more well-understood forces of natural selection, neutral drift, and transmission effects (mutation/migration) to determine the eco-evolutionary dynamics of finite populations of non-constant size.

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Why is sterility virulence most common in sexually transmitted infections? Examining the role of epidemiology

Cited by 7 publications

References 49 publications

Understanding evolutionary and ecological dynamics using a continuum limit

Understanding evolutionary and ecological dynamics using a continuum limit

Understanding evolutionary and ecological dynamics using a continuum limit

Eco-evolutionary dynamics for finite populations and the noise-induced reversal of selection

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