Why highly polluting methods are used to manufacture bricks in Bangladesh

Luby, Stephen P.; Biswas, Debashish; Gurley, Emily S.; Hossain, Ijaz

doi:10.1016/j.esd.2015.07.003

Cited by 41 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Use of cleaner energy, such as natural gas, has the potential to make a considerable difference to industrial emissions. However, there is no nationwide gas supply network and where networks exist, supply is unreliable (GoB DoE 2012; Begum and Hopke 2018) and high costs provide little incentive for business owners to invest in technological improvements (Luby et al 2015).…”

Section: Infrastructurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lack of law enforcement and weak institutional governance are inhibitors to action (World Bank 2008;Guttikunda et al 2013;Luby et al 2015). Currently, monitoring and enforcement is negligent-brick kilns, for example, use banned coal with high sulphur content because the ban is overturned each year, an important weakness that needs to be addressed (GoB DoE 2012).…”

Section: Institutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Knowledge sharing between institutions and stakeholders at all levels is critical to a coordinated approach to understanding the hazard and the mitigation solutions available, including conveying the importance of inspection and maintenance of commercial vehicles, communicating fuel and lubricant regulations, and eliminating the knowledge gap in how to construct improved chimneys for brick kilns (Begum et al 2011Luby et al 2015;Krishna et al 2017;Begum and Hopke 2018).…”

Section: Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Incentives are needed for stakeholders to act differently. Currently, many technological improvements are capitalintensive and cost-prohibitive, and regulations are not typically enforced (GoB DoE 2012;Luby et al 2015). Relevant institutions such as the Department of Environment need to be strengthened, to enable autonomy and increased capacity to act and enforce regulations, eliminate any corruption and minimize political leverage from industry stakeholders (see Fig.…”

Section: Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EnƟre populaƟon Exposure Actions are needed to enforce regulation and eliminate political interference (Johnston et al 2014;Luby et al 2015;Ellis and Roberts 2016). The focus on non-communicable diseases in the healthcare system is currently less than optimal, and it is not helped by a critical shortage of skilled healthcare professionals (Islam and Biswas 2014;Islam 2017).…”

Section: Individualmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

The Influence of Underlying Stresses from Environmental Hazards on Resilience in Bangladesh: A System View

Lake

Fenner

2019

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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Bangladesh is one of the countries most vulnerable to climate change, while its people also suffer from a range of environmental hazards linked to the growing prevalence of non-communicable diseases. These diseases are responsible for increasing morbidity and mortality and lead to other stresses within the population. Such stresses create continuous impacts on the health and well-being of the population, compounding their vulnerability and inhibiting their capacity to cope with frequent event-related shocks, such as floods and drought. A systems approach is taken to examine four important environmental hazards in Bangladesh-arsenic contamination of drinking water, arsenic transmission through the food chain, indoor air quality, and air pollution. A review of these hazards is presented in a conceptual framework that links human well-being with the key system components of infrastructure, institutions, knowledge, and behavior. This reveals key underlying factors between the hazards and uncovers system structures that can lead to more effective hazard mitigation, and the establishment of strategic intervention points. The article concludes that elimination of these continuous stresses will only come about through the culmination of multiple interventions over time, undertaken in an iterative manner that builds on the continual advancement of hazard understanding. The role of individual behaviors, together with factors such as risk awareness and perception of the hazards, has been identified as crucial for achieving successful mitigation solutions. Improved knowledge of the hazards, public awareness, and government accountability are focus points to reduce population exposure and enhance response capacity.

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Section: Infrastructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Institutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%