Why Healthy Pine Seedlings Die After They Leave the Nursery

Abstract

Artificial regeneration is successful when high performing seedlings are transported with care to the planting site, stored for a short period in an environment without desiccation or fungal growth, and are planted in a deep hole so roots are in contact with moist soil. One of the requirements for success is the ability to avoid common planting mistakes. Due, in part, to use of container stock plus an increase in rainfall, average 1st year survival of pine seedlings (89%) in the southern United States is about 15% greater now than 45 years ago. However, when survival is less than 50% six months after planting, some landowners seek reimbursement for their loss. Some assume poor seedling quality was the cause without realizing that anaerobic soils or sudden freeze events or shallow planting holes or pruning roots, a lack of rain, or underground insects can kill pines. With a focus on pines planted in the southern United States, we list non-nursery factors that have killed seedlings in North America, Africa and Europe.

EFECTIVIDAD DE FUNGICIDAS ORGÁNICOS PARA EL CONTROL DE Fusarium EN TRES ESPECIES DE PINO

“…Rodríguez-Ortiz et al ( 2020) mencionan que una planta de calidad es aquella capaz de alcanzar un desarrollo favorable, y, por tanto, puede cumplir con los objetivos establecidos en un plan de reforestación. La aptitud de una planta es el resultado de la calidad genética, morfológica, fisiológica, sanitaria y biológica (South, Starkey & Lyons 2023;Sáenz-Reyes et al, 2014).…”