Why does doll therapy improve the well-being of some older adults with dementia?

Abstract

Background:Several studies have examined the therapeutic use of dolls with people with dementia. These studies have been favourable, although caveats have been noted, resulting in the publication of guidelines. Despite positive findings, an understanding of ‘why’ the approach is effective for some residents has yet to be established.Aims:The aim is to develop an understanding of why doll therapy improves the well-being of older adults with dementia, in order to direct appropriate, safe, and successful doll usage.Method:Eight participants were interviewed twice using grounded theory qualitative methodology.Results:A diagrammatic representation modelling the impact of the dolls was developed. The content of the model is illustrated via quotes from the participants.Conclusion:The model indicated that the impact of the doll is complex, being influenced by systemic processes between the doll and the resident, as well as the wider networks within the home environment. The central category emerging from this research was that the doll met residents’ individual psychological needs.