Why do some nematode parasites of the alimentary tract secrete acetylcholinesterase?

Lee, D.L.

doi:10.1016/0020-7519(96)00040-9

Cited by 60 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…For all these reasons we conclude that the identification of AchE released by T. proposed for other parasite released AchE (Lee, 1996;Rathaur et al, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…I t is known that ChE secretion shows quantitative and qualitative differences between species and that these differences could be the cause of different host-parasite interrelationships (Lee, 1996). On the other hand, the various ESP composition of T. spiralis and T. pseudospiralis muscle-larvae is known as well as their different behaviour in the muscles (Ko et al, 1994;Wu et al, 1998;Mak et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the various ESP composition of T. spiralis and T. pseudospiralis muscle-larvae is known as well as their different behaviour in the muscles (Ko et al, 1994;Wu et al, 1998;Mak et al, 2000). The secretion of these enzymes and other known molecules (Ko et al, 1994;Wu et al, 1998;Mak et al, 2000) could be involved in the two different host-rela tionship of T. spiralis and T. pseudospiralis as ocurs with other parasites (Lee, 1996). Moreover, it seems that the secretion of these enzymes is essential for the para site life because its inhibition by metrifonate causes the parasite death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So, secreted acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity has been associated with the modulation of the following host mechanisms: gastrointestinal motility, cell membrane permeability, anti-coagulant processes, glycogenesis, acetate and choline metabolism, anthel mintic resistance, immune and anti-inflammatory res ponses (Lee, 1996). The amount of these enzymes varies from species to species, from stages to stages and between sexes, and it seems that this variation is responsible, in part, for sex-, species-, strain-and stage-specific behaviour (Lee, 1996). Several authors have analysed the ESP composition from the Trichinella isolates (Ko et al, 1994 ;Modha et al, 1994;Wu et al, 1998 ;Mak et al, 2000), but up to now no stu dies have been reported about ChE secretion by the different Trichinella isolates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of cholinesterase activities in the excretion-secretion products ofTrichinella pseudospiralisandTrichinella spiralismuscle larvae

et al. 2002

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Summary :The presence of cholinesterases (ChE) is reported in T. pseudospiralis excretion-secretion products (ESP) by spectrophotometry method, using acetylthiocholine (ATCI) and butyrilthiocholine (BTCI) as substrates. By inhibition assays, we found that T. pseudospiralis release both acetyl-and butirylcholinesterases (AchE and BchE, respectively). The sedimentation coefficientes of these enzymes were determined by sucrose density gradient. We studied the in vivo ChE secretion by immunoblot assays using AchE from Electrophorus (electric eel) and sera from normal or infected mice with T. pseudospiralis or T. spiralis. The presence of anti-AchE antibodies was only demonstrated in the sera from T. pseudospiralis infected mice. Moreover the in vivo secretion was corroborated by the high difference determinate between the ChE activity of the immuno complexes from T. pseudospiralis infected sera and the immunocomplexes from T. spiralis infected sera as well as normal sera. Finally, we analyzed the effect of the organophosphate Neguvón R (metrifonate) on the ChE activity from the J. pseudospiralis ESP. The drug inhibits in part this activity. Moreover Neguvón R (mettifonate) showed a high activity against the T. pseudospiralis viability. KEY WORDS :Trichinella pseudospiralis. cholinesterase activity, excretionsecretion products. Résumé : COMPARAISON DES ACTIVITÉS CHOLINESTÉRASIQUES DES PRODUITS D'EXCRÉTION-SÉCRÉTION DES LARVES AU STADE INTRA MUSCULAIRE DE TRICHINELLA PSEUDOSPIRALIS ET TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS

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“…For all these reasons we conclude that the identification of AchE released by T. proposed for other parasite released AchE (Lee, 1996;Rathaur et al, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comparison of cholinesterase activities in the excretion-secretion products ofTrichinella pseudospiralisandTrichinella spiralismuscle larvae

et al. 2002

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“…Many roles have been proposed for AChE, including a 'biological hold fast', inhibition of mucus secretion and modulation of host immune response. Although few other roles have also been applied to AChE, the primary function of this enzyme is to limit the cholinergic synaptic transmission, by rapid hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (Ach) [39,40]. AChE is thus proved to be a functional protein, involved in multifaceted activities, which can serve as a suitable candidate for diagnostic purposes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Allium sativum on the Motility and Acetylcholinesterase of Haemonchus contortus

2016

IJSR

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Helminths are known to be a major constraint to ruminant's well-being and productive performance. Gastrointestinal helminths are widespread parasitic agents of livestock especially in small ruminants. Helminthiasis plays an important role in the small ruminant production leading to enormous economic losses in areas where extensive grazing is practiced. Haemonchosis is caused by the hematophagous parasite Haemonchus contortus. It is the most important parasites of all the gastrointestinal nematodes that constrain the survival and productivity of sheep and goats owned by rural farmers in the developing countries. In the present investigations anthelmintic effect of Allium sativum on the motility and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) of the nematode Haemonchus contortus were studied in vitro. The worms were exposed to various concentrations of hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous extract of Allium sativum and the motility of the parasites were viewed. As ethanol extract was effective, further studies were conducted with various sublethal concentrations 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 mg/ml. Quantitative measurement of the motility of the parasites evidently showed the direct impact of the drugs on the parasite. Maximum inhibition in the motility (88.50%) and AChE (90.25%) was remarked in 0.5 mg/ml of AsEE after 8h of exposure. AChE is concerned in muscularly harmonious combination and neurotransmission. The important role of this enzyme can stop cholinergic synaptic communication with immediate hydrolysis of the acetylcholine. Inhibition of AChE in the parasite results in paralysis of musculature and the parasite lose its biochemical holdfast and get expelled from the host. The present study clearly showed that AsEE had killed the parasites by affecting their neurotransmission.

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Parasite Evasion

Solbach

Lucius

2010

Topley &Amp; Wilson's Microbiology and Microbial Infections

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Why do some nematode parasites of the alimentary tract secrete acetylcholinesterase?

Cited by 60 publications

References 73 publications

Comparison of cholinesterase activities in the excretion-secretion products ofTrichinella pseudospiralisandTrichinella spiralismuscle larvae

Comparison of cholinesterase activities in the excretion-secretion products ofTrichinella pseudospiralisandTrichinella spiralismuscle larvae

Effect of Allium sativum on the Motility and Acetylcholinesterase of Haemonchus contortus

Parasite Evasion

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