Why do Electrons with “Anomalous Energies” appear in High-Pressure Gas Discharges?

Kozyrev, A. V.; Kozhevnikov, V. Yu.; Semeniuk, Natalia

doi:10.1051/epjconf/201816701005

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Calculations also suggest that the beam of runaway electrons reaches the anode at maximum voltage across the gap [23]. As it was shown in [1,23,27], an energy spectrum of runaway electrons consists of 2-3 groups.…”

Section: Ionization Wave and Saeb Generationmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…In addition, there are papers on the generation of runaway electrons at atmospheric discharges in nature [16][17][18][19][20].However, there is relatively little information on the parameters of runaway electron beams and breakdown stage under conditions of generation of runaway electrons in different gases at pressure more than atmospheric one. It is necessary to mention the papers [3,21] where the discharge formation process was investigated, as well as the paper [8], where in addition to mentioned above the generation process of the runaway electron beam was simulated.Newly developed theoretical models are very useful [8,22,23]. However, they are still incomplete to provide exhaustive data on runaway electrons in actual diodes filled…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Newly developed theoretical models are very useful [8,22,23]. However, they are still incomplete to provide exhaustive data on runaway electrons in actual diodes filled…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Generation and registration of runaway electron beams during the breakdown of highly overvoltaged gaps filled with dense gases

Тарасенко¹,

Бакшт²,

Белоплотов³

et al. 2018

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The breakdown of the gaps providing inhomogeneous electric field strength distribution fed by voltage pulses with subnanosecond risetime has been experimentally studied. Using a four-channel ICCD camera and an ultrafast streak camera, the dynamics of plasma glow in the space between a sharp-ended tubular and a plane electrodes during the prebreakdown stage of a nanosecond discharge has been investigated. In addition, the parameters of a runaway electron beam generated during this stage of the discharge in SF6, CO2, Ar, and N2 at pressures of up to 0.3, 0.7, 1.0, and 1.2 MPa, respectively, were measured with a collector mounted behind a thin-foil anode. The generation of a runaway electron beam and fast electrons contributes to the formation of a discharge in a diffuse form that is observed in the experiments under the conditions specified above. It was shown, that the time moment, at which a runaway electron beam is detected with the collector corresponds, approximately, to the time moment when the voltage across the gap reaches its maximum value.

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Section: Ionization Wave and Saeb Generationmentioning

confidence: 71%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Generation and registration of runaway electron beams during the breakdown of highly overvoltaged gaps filled with dense gases

Тарасенко¹,

Бакшт²,

Белоплотов³

et al. 2018

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…This effect is interrelated with the acceleration of charges to kinetic energies exceeding the value of the instantaneously "applied voltage" (multiplied by elementary charge). Such phenomena are typical for physical situations where charged particles interact with an electric field of the "traveling wave" type (Kozyrev et al, 2018).…”

Section: Results Of the Numerical Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical nature of 'anomalous' electrons in high-current vacuum diodes

Kozhevnikov¹,

Kozyrev²

2021

Vojnotehnički glasnik

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Introduction/purpose: A fundamental theoretical explanation is given for the fact that in subnanosecond vacuum diodes there exists a group of electrons with kinetic energies much higher than the applied voltage (multiplied by the value of the elementary charge) qUmax. Methods: A mathematical method is used based on the numerical solution of the Vlasov-Poisson differential equations system for one-dimensional vacuum diodes of various designs. Results: It is shown in detail that the so-called "anomalous" electrons appear in the transient time domain characterizing the processes of establishing current flow in vacuum diodes. Conclusion: It has been convincingly shown that the presence of "anomalous" electrons is not associated with either the diode design or the presence of additional current carriers. In vacuum diodes with a subnanosecond leading edge of the voltage pulse, the excess of energy over qUmax can be over 20%.

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“…(большей eU m , где e -заряд электрона, а U mмаксимальное напряжение на промежутке) [12,23,51,52]. В данных условиях электроны СЛЭП генерируются в момент времени, близкий к моменту достижения напряжением на промежутке максимального значения, и опережают фронт стримера при его движении к аноду.…”

Section: обсуждение результатовunclassified

Формирование Двух Импульсов Тока Пучка Убегающих Электронов

Белоплотов¹,

Тарасенко²,

Sorokin³

et al. 2021

Журнал Технической Физики

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The conditions for the formation of two current pulses of runaway electron beams during the breakdown of a point-to-plane and tube-to-plane gaps in high-pressure air, nitrogen, and helium are studied. It has been shown experimentally that, depending on a pressure and kind of gas, a rise time of voltage pulse with an amplitude of tens of kilovolts, three modes of generation of runaway electron beams are observed. In the first mode, a single current pulse of runaway electron beam is observed at the maximum voltage across the gap, when a streamer appears in the vicinity of the pointed electrode (cathode). Its duration is ≈100 ps. In the second mode, two current pulses of runaway electron beams are observed at a lower pressure. The first pulse is generated as in the first mode. The second pulse is generated after the gap is bridged by the streamer (the first ionization wave). The electron energy in the second pulse is significantly less than in the first one, but the duration and amplitude of second current pulse under optimal conditions are greater. The third mode is implemented at lower pressures than in the second one. The generation of runaway electrons continues after the first pulse without a pause in the quasi-stationary stage. The total current pulse duration is hundreds of picoseconds.

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Why do Electrons with “Anomalous Energies” appear in High-Pressure Gas Discharges?

Cited by 20 publications

References 15 publications

Generation and registration of runaway electron beams during the breakdown of highly overvoltaged gaps filled with dense gases

Generation and registration of runaway electron beams during the breakdown of highly overvoltaged gaps filled with dense gases

Physical nature of 'anomalous' electrons in high-current vacuum diodes

Формирование Двух Импульсов Тока Пучка Убегающих Электронов

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