Why Brazil does not innovate: a comparison among nations

Esteves, Karen; Feldmann, Paulo Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.rai.2016.04.002

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Although Brazil is the only country in Latin America to invest more than 1% of its GDP in R&D, it places lower in the Global Innovation Index than comparably smaller economies like Chile, Costa Rica, and Mexico [Barroeta et al, 2017;Negri, 2018]. When analyzing other innovation indexes provided by the OECD and the World Bank 1 it becomes clear that Brazil is also failing to catch up to other developed countries in terms of innovation output [Esteves, Feldmann, 2016;Faleiro et al, 2016]. The boom in Brazil's economic growth during the early 2000s (ca.…”

Section: An Overview Of Brazil's Innovation Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With respect to innovation, the case of Brazil is an interesting one: it has many essential assets to be a leading innovator but struggles to turn its advantages into world-class initiatives [Ingold et al, 2015]. The question as to why Brazil has not been able to catch up remains a puzzle with much writing on the topic and many different answers, ranging from lack of collaboration in businesses, huge bureaucratic bodies, too little investment in the education of the public -the list goes on (see e.g., [Baer, 2012;Cavalcante, Uderman, 2012;Esteves, Feldmann, 2016;Maragna, 2016;Mazzucato, Caetano, 2016;Negri, 2018;Pinto, 2018]). Within an EU-Brazil partnership on smart specialization, the potential for smart specialization in Brazil has already been identified and pilot projects are being implemented in some regions [Maragna, 2016;Pinto, 2018].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Smart Specialization as a Tool to Foster Innovation in Emerging Economies: Lessons from Brazil

Bosch¹,

Vonortas²

2019

Foresight and STI Governance

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T his paper is about the policy concept of smart specialization (RIS3) and its potential for application in emerging economies. This is an important issue as emerging economies continue to struggle against the forces of globalization and targeted investments through RIS3 strategies may help them boost their (regional) innovation economies. Thus far, RIS3 has mostly been implemented by industrialized EU economies. Due to the structural differences, success in emerging

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Section: An Overview Of Brazil's Innovation Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Specialization as a Tool to Foster Innovation in Emerging Economies: Lessons from Brazil

Bosch¹,

Vonortas²

2019

Foresight and STI Governance

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“…Such a dramatic change, and the country's current overall context, depict quite well what Hadjikhani and Johanson (1996) define an emerging economy as being a 'turbulent market'. With regard to innovation, indexes provided by World Bank (2017) show that Brazil is in a worse position in comparison to OECD countries in terms of number of patents, scientific publication and the number of students graduating in technology and engineering (Esteves and Feldmann 2016). While this reflects the country's dependence on imported technologies, it can be a source of business opportunities for service MNEs from the ICT industry, not least if such technologies can be tailored for social progress.…”

Section: Case Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Business and Socio-Political Interaction in International Service Projects: The Case of Brazil

2018

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Building on a business network perspective, the aim of this paper is to present a theoretical view for studying service MNEs in ICT (information communication technology) projects centred on the improvement of public services. The four interrelated concepts of cooperation, legitimacy, commitment and knowledge are applied in the analysis of two projects. Defining the projects as object-based services, the study manifests how service MNEs manage three types of actors (business, political and social) having their legitimacy in different systems. The cases illustrate cross-border activities where MNEs from Sweden, Spain and China join forces in Brazil with local business, social and political actors and cooperate to strengthen their competitive market position. The study concludes that successful cooperation is partially explained by the management's ability to incorporate business resources into the needs of the socio-political actors. Furthermore, in object-based services, which are not similar to long-term business relationships, the three involved parties advance different types of relationships within a loose network structure. A key implication is that extensive public-private relationships are needed even when MNEs enjoy an established position in a foreign market.

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“…However, the country accounts for only 0.22% of Latin American STI research outputs and has negligible rates of patent awards [4, 10]. Despite a decade of relative political stability and government education expenditures exceeding 8% of GDP—highest in the region and far above any developed country, with the United States, United Kingdom, and France investing less than 6% of GDP [11-13] — Bolivia consistently places last in the region according to World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and Global Innovation Index measures [14, 15]. The country does not implement standardized education metrics such as the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), further obfuscating causal analyses and international oversight [16] and raising a need for alternative methods of analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions and prospects in life sciences in a heterogeneous Latin American population

Ferreira

Lopez-Videla³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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43Particular challenges exist for science education in the developing world, 44where limited resources beget curricula designed to balance state-of-the-art 45 knowledge with practical and political considerations in region-specific contexts. 46Project-based biology teaching is particularly difficult to execute due to high 47 infrastructural costs and limited teacher training. Here, we report our results 48 implementing short, challenging, and low-cost biology courses to high school and 49 college students in Bolivia, designed and taught in collaboration between 50 scientists from developed nations and local science instructors. We find our 51 approach to be effective at transmitting advanced topics in disease modeling, 52 microscopy, genome engineering, neuroscience, microbiology, and regenerative 53 biology. Importantly, this approach was unaffected by the students' backgrounds, 54 education level, socioeconomic status, or initial interest in the course, and 55 increased participants' interest in pursuing scientific careers. These results 56 demonstrate efficacy of participatory learning in a developing nation, and suggest 57 that such techniques could drive scientific engagement in other developing 58 economies. 59 60 61 Countries, Latin America 63 64 65 66 relatively small territory the most diverse country in Latin America [7, 90 8]. Moreover, three Bolivian cities are projected as the fastest-growing Latin 91American economies by 2030, as measured by middle-income population 92 growth, with a fifteen-fold hike expected in the most populous city, Santa Cruz 93[9]. The country accounts for only 0.22% of Latin American STI research outputs 94 and has negligible rates of patent awards [4, 10]. Despite a decade of relative 95 political stability and government education expenditures exceeding 8% of 96 GDP-highest in the region and far above any developed country, with the 97

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Why Brazil does not innovate: a comparison among nations

Cited by 13 publications

References 1 publication

Smart Specialization as a Tool to Foster Innovation in Emerging Economies: Lessons from Brazil

Smart Specialization as a Tool to Foster Innovation in Emerging Economies: Lessons from Brazil

Business and Socio-Political Interaction in International Service Projects: The Case of Brazil

Perceptions and prospects in life sciences in a heterogeneous Latin American population

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