Why are pregnant women susceptible to COVID-19? An immunological viewpoint

Liu, Hong; Wang, Li Ling; Zhao, Si; Kwak‐Kim, Joanne; Mor, Gil; Liao, Ai‐Hua

doi:10.1016/j.jri.2020.103122

Cited by 460 publications

(536 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…All rights reserved course/outcome of COVID-19 in pregnant women. 10,11,12 On the other hand, it could also be possible that the highly adaptive immune system in pregnancy may be potentially advantageous in defending against the infection. Further studies are needed to answer these questions.…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the need for rigorous data collection and transparent reporting cannot be overemphasized. 11 However, on the basis of available data, and in line with the precautionary principle, the risk of COVID-19 in pregnancy should not be down-played to avoid falsely reassuring healthcare professionals and the public. Women should be advised to take necessary precautions to avoid infection during pregnancy.…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Severe maternal morbidity and mortality associated with COVID‐19: The risk should not be downplayed

Westgren

Pettersson

Hagberg

et al. 2020

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

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Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Severe maternal morbidity and mortality associated with COVID‐19: The risk should not be downplayed

Westgren

Pettersson

Hagberg

et al. 2020

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

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“…Furthermore, previous literature on the impact of the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus or the Zika virus suggest that infectious diseases may increase complications and even exhibit fatal effects on pregnant women [12,13]. Such acknowledgement has led to vigorous investigation from many research groups on the status quo of pregnant COVID-19 patients [14][15][16]; yet the need to accumulate, organize and analyze such data is evident, given the urgency of the situation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical manifestations and perinatal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Yee

Kim

Han

et al. 2020

Preprint

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This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on pregnant women. We searched for qualified studies in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. The clinical characteristics of pregnant women with COVID-19 and their infants were reported as means and proportions with 95% confidence interval (CI). Nine studies involving with 93 pregnant women with COVID-19 and 103 infants were included in the meta-analysis. Pregnant women with COVID-19 have relatively mild symptoms. However, abnormal proportions of laboratory parameters were similar or even increased, compared to general population. Around 30% of pregnant women with COVID-19 experienced preterm delivery, whereas the mean birth weight was 3214.7g. Fetal death, severe neonatal asphyxia, and detection of SARS-CoV-2 were observed in about 2%, whereas no neonatal death was found. In conclusion, the current review will serve as an ideal basis for future considerations in the treatment and management of COVID-19 in pregnant women.

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“…Out of the 69 extracted publications, 29 full-text publications were included for the scoping review [5, (Table 2). 16 studies presented clinical findings of COVID-19 among pregnant women, which includes six original articles [12,13,[20][21][22]38], three case reports [15,32,33], two case-reviews [29,36], two research letters [18,37], and one correspondence [34], rapid review [24] and systematic review and meta-analysis [14] each.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twelve studies exclusively discussed management recommendations. Among these studies, three were correspondences [16,23,31], two were commentaries [26,27], two were opinion pieces [25,35], one of case review [36], expert consensus [11], expert review [28], review article [5], and special editorial [19] each (Table 4). • The pregnant women were discharged after her nasopharyngeal swabs were negative for SARS-CoV-2 and clinical condition was improved Yu et al [36] Original article Seven pregnant women with COVID-19 between 37 weeks to 41 weeks of the gestational period…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy during the evolving pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A rapid scoping review of early evidence in the published literature

Hasan

Kibria

Alam

2020

Preprint

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BackgroundWithout any preventive or curative medication, the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a higher risk to pregnant women, due to their immunosuppression during pregnancy. This rapid scoping synthesized the earliest evidence from the published scientific literature on the clinical feature and management for pregnant women with COVID-19.MethodScientific literature (published in English between 1 January 2019 to 31 March 2020) were systematically extracted from PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and “Global research on coronavirus disease (COVID-19)”. Results from eligible studies were charted, synthesized, and presented in a narrative format. ResultOur study identified 52 unique articles, and among them, 29 were included in this review. Pregnant women with COVID-19 were mostly in their third trimester and presented with fever, dry cough, myalgia, and dyspnea. Ground-glass opacity was the cardinal feature of COVID-19 in the computerized tomography scan of the chest. Except for two participants, severe pneumonia did not occur among pregnant women. Higher episodes of preterm birth and cesarean delivery were observed; however, it cannot be explicitly attributed to COVID-19. There is no published evidence on the vertical transmission. A collaborative team of healthcare professionals must manage pregnancy with COVID-19. Contact tracing, investigation of travel history, radiological assessment, and laboratory tests with regular fetal health monitoring must be done. ConclusionEvidence of higher perinatal complications puts pregnant women in a further vulnerable condition. Cautiousness is imperative during the clinical management of pregnant women with COVID-19, as there is no approved treatment regime available at this moment.

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Why are pregnant women susceptible to COVID-19? An immunological viewpoint

Cited by 460 publications

References 20 publications

Severe maternal morbidity and mortality associated with COVID‐19: The risk should not be downplayed

Severe maternal morbidity and mortality associated with COVID‐19: The risk should not be downplayed

Clinical manifestations and perinatal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Pregnancy during the evolving pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A rapid scoping review of early evidence in the published literature

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