Why are many anthropogenic agroecosystems particularly species-rich?

Cerabolini, Bruno E. L.; Pierce, Simon; Verginella, Andrea; Brusa, Guido; Ceriani, Roberta; Armiraglio, Stefano

doi:10.1080/11263504.2014.987848

Cited by 41 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Indeed, Cerabolini et al . () found that many herbaceous communities in northern Italy characterised by extremely low B were dominated by R‐selected species. However, relatively few data were available for low‐B compared to high‐B systems for the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ruderal strategists may thus contribute to both the lower asymptote and the central region of an NPP scaling curve, a phenomenon already observed for herbaceous communities in Europe (Cerabolini et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…), and in a small number of local cases CSR strategies have been explicitly linked to ecosystem properties such as biomass (Cerabolini et al . , ), but the combination of CSR, NPP and B data has not yet accrued. Indeed, life‐history strategies apply best to species, which comprised only 25% of all data analysed here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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General allometric scaling of net primary production agrees with plant adaptive strategy theory and has tipping points

Jenkins

Pierce

2017

Journal of Ecology

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Summary Allometric scaling of net primary production (NPP) with plant biomass (B) is important to ecological carbon dynamics and energetics. Metabolic theory predicts a nonlinear power law for NPP scaling, based on fractal vascular systems, resulting in a linear model when using log NPP/log B axes that are standard in allometry. Alternatively, two other hypotheses predict nonlinear models for log‐transformed data, with potential tipping points. Size‐based competition may cause a quadratic curve as larger plants limit NPP by smaller plants. More inclusively, the plant adaptive strategies hypothesis predicts a sigmoidal curve to represent those same competitive effects, plus stress and ruderal adaptations that maintain relatively low NPP in habitats that are abiotically limiting or disturbed. We evaluated all three hypotheses for terrestrial vascular plants, using information theoretic model selection based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AICc). Published data (N = 709) were organised in subsets according to reported organisational level and plant growth form. Alternative curves were compared for a general model (using all data) and per subset. Potential tipping points were estimated using segmented regression. The plant adaptive strategies hypothesis was supported in general (AICc weight = 1·00) and via internal consistency for five of six subsets (86% of data). Competition was supported as affecting NPP at greater B, where quadratic and sigmoidal models often coincided. Only non‐woody assemblages most plausibly fit a power law model, perhaps related to sparse data at lowest B. Synthesis. Adaptive strategies and corresponding environmental conditions appear to constrain terrestrial net primary production scaling relative to metabolic theory's ideal. Moreover, tipping points in general nonlinear net primary production scaling (at c. 38 and 360 g m−2 B) indicate thresholds for rapid changes in net primary production given changing B that occurs via changing climate, human appropriation and land use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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General allometric scaling of net primary production agrees with plant adaptive strategy theory and has tipping points

Jenkins

Pierce

2017

Journal of Ecology

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“…The community‐weighted mean (CWM) CSR value for each habitat type was also calculated based on species relative abundance data, following Cerabolini et al. (). For plants, the Nemenyi post hoc test was used to investigate differential abundance in the different levels of grazing.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential biodiversity responses between kingdoms (plants, fungi, bacteria and metazoa) along an Alpine succession gradient

et al. 2018

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Biological diversities of multiple kingdoms potentially respond in similar ways to environmental changes. However, studies either compare details of microbial diversity across general vegetation or land use classes or relate details of plant community diversity with the extent of microbially governed soil processes, via physiological profiling. Here, we test the hypothesis of shared responses of plant and rhizosphere bacterial, fungal and metazoan biodiversities (especially across-habitat β-diversity patterns) along a disturbance gradient encompassing grazed to abandoned Alpine pasture, on acid soil in the European Central Alps. Rhizosphere biological diversity was inferred from eDNA fractions specific to bacteria, fungi and metazoans from contrasting plant habitats indicative of different disturbance levels. We found that soil β-diversity patterns were weakly correlated with plant diversity measures and similarly ordinated along an evident edaphic (pH, C:N, assimilable P) and disturbance gradient but, contrary to our hypothesis, did not demonstrate the same diversity patterns. While plant communities were well separated along the disturbance gradient, correlating with fungal diversity, the majority of bacterial taxa were shared between disturbance levels (75% of bacteria were ubiquitous, cf. 29% plant species). Metazoa exhibited an intermediate response, with communities at the lowest levels of disturbance partially overlapping. Thus, plant and soil biological diversities were only loosely dependent and did not exhibit strictly linked environmental responses. This probably reflects the different spatial scales of organisms (and their habitats) and capacity to invest resources in persistent multicellular tissues, suggesting that vegetation responses to environmental change are unreliable indicators of below-ground biodiversity responses.

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“…; Cerabolini et al . ). However, each CSR analysis method has drawbacks, and all have been calibrated using local floras.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A global method for calculating plant CSR ecological strategies applied across biomes world‐wide

et al. 2016

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Summary 1.Competitor, stress-tolerator, ruderal (CSR) theory is a prominent plant functional strategy scheme previously applied to local floras. Globally, the wide geographic and phylogenetic coverage of available values of leaf area (LA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and specific leaf area (SLA) (representing, respectively, interspecific variation in plant size and conservative vs. acquisitive resource economics) promises the general application of CSR strategies across biomes, including the tropical forests hosting a large proportion of Earth's diversity. 2. We used trait variation for 3068 tracheophytes (representing 198 families, six continents and 14 biomes) to create a globally calibrated CSR strategy calculator tool and investigate strategy-environment relationships across biomes world-wide. 3. Due to disparity in trait availability globally, co-inertia analysis was used to check correspondence between a 'wide geographic coverage, few traits' data set and a 'restricted coverage, many traits' subset of 371 species for which 14 whole-plant, flowering, seed and leaf traits (including leaf nitrogen content) were available. CSR strategy/environment relationships within biomes were investigated using fourth-corner and RLQ analyses to determine strategy/climate specializations. 4. Strong, significant concordance (RV = 0Á597; P < 0Á0001) was evident between the 14 trait multivariate space and when only LA, LDMC and SLA were used. 5. Biomes such as tropical moist broadleaf forests exhibited strategy convergence (i.e. clustered around a CS/CSR median; C:S:R = 43:42:15%), with CS-selection associated with warm, stable situations (lesser temperature seasonality), with greater annual precipitation and potential evapotranspiration. Other biomes were characterized by strategy divergence: for example, deserts varied between xeromorphic perennials such as Larrea divaricata, classified as S-selected (C:S:R = 1:99:0%) and broadly R-selected annual herbs (e.g. Claytonia perfoliata; R/CR-selected; C:S:R = 21:0:79%). Strategy convergence was evident for several growth habits (e.g. trees) but not others (forbs). 6. The CSR strategies of vascular plants can now be compared quantitatively within and between biomes at the global scale. Through known linkages between underlying leaf traits and growth rates, herbivory and decomposition rates, this method and the strategy-environment relationships it elucidates will help to predict which kinds of species may assemble in response to changes in biogeochemical cycles, climate and land use.

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Why are many anthropogenic agroecosystems particularly species-rich?

Cited by 41 publications

References 38 publications

General allometric scaling of net primary production agrees with plant adaptive strategy theory and has tipping points

General allometric scaling of net primary production agrees with plant adaptive strategy theory and has tipping points

Differential biodiversity responses between kingdoms (plants, fungi, bacteria and metazoa) along an Alpine succession gradient

A global method for calculating plant CSR ecological strategies applied across biomes world‐wide

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