Why and How Do Plant Cells Sense Sugars?

Loreti, Elena; Bellis, Luigi De; Alpi, Amedeo; Perata, Pierdomenico

doi:10.1006/anbo.2001.1526

Cited by 86 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…Surprisingly, although vines exhibited greater shoot and root growth compared to the control, leaf chlorophyll contents remained either reduced or unchanged by AMF, depending on the fungus (Biricolti et al 1997;Smith and Read 2008). However, arbuscular mycorrhiza applications could increase plant soluble sugars contents (Cetin et al 2014) that do not only act on the metabolic activities of the host but also as a signal regulators in processes related plant growth and development (Jang and Sheen 1997;Loreti 2001). Moreover, AMF may induce changes in hormonal balance, leading to an increase in cytokinin content responsible for greater vegetative development (Biricolti et al 1997;Harrison 1999).…”

Section: Impact Of Am Symbiosis On the Uptake Of Other Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis in viticulture: a review

Trouvelot

Bonneau

Redecker

et al. 2015

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

138

114

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Viticulture is a major worldwide economic sector with a vine area of 7.52 million ha, wine production of 288 Mhl, and wine exports of 26 billion euros. Nevertheless, viticulture has to adapt to new challenges of pest management, such as pesticide reduction, and climate change, such as increasing droughts. Viticulture adaptation can benefit from arbuscular mycorrhiza, a plant-fungus symbiosis. Here, we review the ecosystemic services of arbuscular mycorrhiza for grapevine production. The major points are the following: (1) arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi increase grapevine growth and nutrition by a better access to soil nutrients and by activating the regulation of plant transport proteins for phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N), and other elements. (2) Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi increase the tolerance to abiotic stresses such as water stress, soil salinity, iron chlorosis, and heavy metal toxicity. (3) Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi protect against biotic stresses such as root diseases. (4) Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi produce glycoproteins and a dense hyphal network that increases soil stability and save soil nutrients up to 14 % of the grape production income. (5) P fertilisation reduces mycorhization. (6) Using herbaceous plants as cover crops favors arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi.

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Section: Impact Of Am Symbiosis On the Uptake Of Other Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis in viticulture: a review

Trouvelot

Bonneau

Redecker

et al. 2015

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

138

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Alternatively, hexoses could serve as signals to control the activities of some promoters and transcription factors (Loreti et al, 2001). Therefore, the reduced hexose levels may disrupt the function of regulatory genes that trigger fiber initiation.…”

Section: Biochemical Basis For the Critical Role Of Sus In Fiber Initmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of Sucrose Synthase Gene Expression Represses Cotton Fiber Cell Initiation, Elongation, and Seed Development

2003

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Cotton is the most important textile crop as a result of its long cellulose-enriched mature fibers. These single-celled hairs initiate at anthesis from the ovule epidermis. To date, genes proven to be critical for fiber development have not been identified. Here, we examined the role of the sucrose synthase gene ( Sus ) in cotton fiber and seed by transforming cotton with Sus suppression constructs. We focused our analysis on 0 to 3 days after anthesis (DAA) for early fiber development and 25 DAA, when the fiber and seed are maximal in size. Suppression of Sus activity by 70% or more in the ovule epidermis led to a fiberless phenotype. The fiber initials in those ovules were fewer and shrunken or collapsed. The level of Sus suppression correlated strongly with the degree of inhibition of fiber initiation and elongation, probably as a result of the reduction of hexoses. By 25 DAA, a portion of the seeds in the fruit showed Sus suppression only in the seed coat fibers and transfer cells but not in the endosperm and embryo. These transgenic seeds were identical to wild-type seeds except for much reduced fiber growth. However, the remaining seeds in the fruit showed Sus suppression both in the seed coat and in the endosperm and embryo. These seeds were shrunken with loss of the transfer cells and were Ͻ 5% of wild-type seed weight. These results demonstrate that Sus plays a rate-limiting role in the initiation and elongation of the single-celled fibers. These analyses also show that suppression of Sus only in the maternal seed tissue represses fiber development without affecting embryo development and seed size. Additional suppression in the endosperm and embryo inhibits their own development, which blocks the formation of adjacent seed coat transfer cells and arrests seed development entirely.

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“…However, apart from the effect of abscisic acid (ABA) on stomatal conductance, hardly any attention is paid to the interaction between hormones and photosynthesis in fully developed, nonsenescing leaves. From studies on seedling development, we know that plant hormones modulate sugar sensing (Pego et al, 2000;Gazzarrini and McCourt, 2001;Loreti et al, 2001;Gibson, 2004). Research on Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) shows that high ABA levels enhance the sensitivity of seedling growth to Glc (Leó n and .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene Insensitivity Results in Down-Regulation of Rubisco Expression and Photosynthetic Capacity in Tobacco

et al. 2007

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Little is known about the effect of hormones on the photosynthetic process. Therefore, we studied Rubisco content and expression along with gas exchange parameters in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants that are not able to sense ethylene. We also tested for a possible interaction between ethylene insensitivity, abscisic acid (ABA), and sugar feedback on photosynthesis. We measured Rubisco content in seedlings grown in agar with or without added sugar and fluridone, and Rubisco expression in hydroponically grown vegetative plants grown at low and high CO 2 . Furthermore, we analyzed gas exchange and the photosynthetic machinery of transformants and wild-type plants grown under standard conditions. In the presence of exogenous glucose (Glc), agar-grown seedlings of the ethylene-insensitive genotype had lower amounts of Rubisco per unit leaf area than the wild type. No differences in Rubisco content were found between ethylene-insensitive and wild-type seedlings treated with fluridone, suggesting that inhibition of ABA production nullified the effect of Glc application. When larger, vegetative plants were grown at different atmospheric CO 2 concentrations, a negative correlation was found between Glc concentration in the leaves and Rubisco gene expression, with stronger repression by high Glc concentrations in ethyleneinsensitive plants. Ethylene insensitivity resulted in plants with comparable fractions of nitrogen invested in light harvesting, but lower amounts in electron transport and Rubisco. Consequently, photosynthetic capacity of the insensitive genotype was clearly lower compared with the wild type. We conclude that the inability to perceive ethylene results in increased sensitivity to Glc, which may be mediated by a higher ABA concentration. This increased sensitivity to endogenous Glc has negative consequences for Rubisco content and photosynthetic capacity of these plants.

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Why and How Do Plant Cells Sense Sugars?

Cited by 86 publications

References 62 publications

Arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis in viticulture: a review

Arbuscular mycorrhiza symbiosis in viticulture: a review

Suppression of Sucrose Synthase Gene Expression Represses Cotton Fiber Cell Initiation, Elongation, and Seed Development

Ethylene Insensitivity Results in Down-Regulation of Rubisco Expression and Photosynthetic Capacity in Tobacco

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