Whole systems appraisal of a UK Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) system: Energy, environmental, and economic evaluations

Hammond, Geoffrey P.; Harajli, Hassan; Jones, Craig I.; Winnett, Adrian

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2011.09.048

Cited by 120 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…It describes the amount of time it takes the solar module to create as much energy as was used to create itself. In order to determine the energy payback time the embodied energy of the system must be estimated (Hammond et al 2012). The embodied energy in the materials required to manufacture a 2.1 kWp BIPV system is displayed in figure 7 (Hammond et al 2012).…”

Section: Energy Payback Time For Photovoltaic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to determine the energy payback time the embodied energy of the system must be estimated (Hammond et al 2012). The embodied energy in the materials required to manufacture a 2.1 kWp BIPV system is displayed in figure 7 (Hammond et al 2012). The study conducted on PV modules installed in Switzerland estimates 2.5-3.5 years energy payback time for future monocrystalline based modules and 2-3 years for future polycrystalline modules, while the study for Europe in general predicts below one year of energy payback time for both monoand polycrystalline based modules (Alsema et al 2006, Dones et al 2007).…”

Section: Energy Payback Time For Photovoltaic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This applies for many of the manufacturers listed in the appendices. The energy analysis of a case study conducted in the United Kingdom revealed that a 2.1 kWp installed BIPV system, despite requiring large amounts of embodied energy to manufacture, had a short energy payback period of just 4.5 years, in contrast to an expected 25 year system lifetime (Hammond et al 2012). …”

Section: Energy Payback Time For Photovoltaic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Building integrated photovoltaic products: A state-of-the-art review and future research opportunities

Jelle

Breivik

Røkenes

2012

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

458

139

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Building integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs) are photovoltaic (PV) modules integrated into the building envelope and hence also replacing traditional parts of the building envelope, e.g. the roofing. In this context, the BIPVs integration with the building envelope limits the costs by serving dual purposes. BIPVs have a great advantage compared to non-integrated systems because there is neither need for allocation of land nor stand-alone PV systems. This study seeks to outline various commercially available approaches to BIPVs and thus provides a state-of-the-art review. In addition, possible future research opportunities are explored.The various categories of BIPVs may be divided into photovoltaic foils, photovoltaic tiles, photovoltaic modules and solar cell glazings. Silicon materials are the most commonly used, and a distinction is made between wafer-based technologies and thin-film technologies. In addition, various non-silicon materials are available. The main options for building integration of PV cells are on sloped roofs, flat roofs and facades. The evaluation of the different BIPV products involves, among others, properties such as solar cell efficiency, open circuit voltage, short circuit current, maximum effect and fill factor.It is expected that the BIPV systems will improve in the years to come, regarding both device and manufacturing efficiency. The future seems very promising in the BIPV industry, both concerning new technologies, different solutions and the variety of BIPV options.

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Section: Energy Payback Time For Photovoltaic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Energy Payback Time For Photovoltaic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Energy Payback Time For Photovoltaic Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Building integrated photovoltaic products: A state-of-the-art review and future research opportunities

Jelle

Breivik

Røkenes

2012

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

458

139

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“…The largest percentage of the PV market is held by private owners and small businesses, investing on small-tomedium grid-connected installations or building integrated systems [9,10], with the interest on small-scale residential applications continually growing across the globe [11][12][13][14], especially in the EU after the 2010/31/EU Energy Performance Building Directive [15], which suggests that buildings should require ''nearly zero energy'' by 2020. As such, demand for software capable of performing energetic and economic analysis quickly and accurately was evident.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy analysis of software for the estimation and planning of photovoltaic installations

Axaopoulos

Fylladitakis

Gkarakis

2014

Int J Energy Environ Eng

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As the use of photovoltaics expands, with more and more commercial and residential users investing on solar energy systems around the globe, there is substantial demand for relatively simple, easy-to-use software packages, for the planning and performance estimation of photovoltaic installations by installers and architects. In this paper, the calculative accuracy of TRNSYS, Archelios, Polysun, PVSyst, PV*SOL and PVGIS is being examined in comparison to the real electrical energy generated by a grid-connected 19.8 kW p photovoltaic installation. The assessment has been performed by using the climatic data which have been recorded at the site of the real PV park over the same calendar year. Our results displayed that the software packages tend to overestimate the global irradiation received by the PV modules, but still significantly underestimate the electrical energy generated by the installation.

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“…For a state-of-the-art review and future research opportunities within various aspects of BIPVs it is referred to the studies by , Jelle and Breivik (2012a) and Jelle and Breivik (2012b). Investigations of various cost aspects like life cycle cost (LCC), embodied energy and energy payback times for BIPVs have been carried out by Chel et al (2009), Eiffert andKiss (2000), Eiffert (2003) and Hammond et al (2012). Furthermore, a comprehensive study for enhancing the performance of BIPVs has been performed by Norton et al (2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-scale experimental wind-driven rain exposure investigations of building integrated photovoltaics

et al. 2013

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Building integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs) are photovoltaic materials that replace conventional building materials in parts of the building envelopes, such as roofs or facades, i.e. the BIPV system serves dual purposes, as both a building envelope material and a power generator. Hence, it is important to focus on the building envelope properties of a BIPV system in addition to energy generation performance when conducting experimental investigations of BIPVs. The aim of this work was to illustrate challenges linked to the building envelope properties of a BIPV system, and to develop and evaluate relevant methods for testing the building envelope properties of BIPV systems.A sample roof area with two BIPV modules was built and tested in a turnable box for rain and wind tightness testing of sloping building surfaces with the aim of investigating the rain tightness of the BIPV system, and observing how it withstood wind-driven rain at large-scale conditions. The BIPV sample roof went through testing with run-off water and wind-driven rain with incremental pulsating positive differential pressure over the sample at two different inclinations. The BIPV sample roof was during testing constantly visually monitored, and various leakage points were detected. In order to prevent such water penetration, the steel fittings surrounding the BIPV modules should ideally be better adapted to the BIPV modules and constricted to some extent. It is however important to maintain a sufficient ventilation rate simultaneously.

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Whole systems appraisal of a UK Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) system: Energy, environmental, and economic evaluations

Cited by 120 publications

References 20 publications

Building integrated photovoltaic products: A state-of-the-art review and future research opportunities

Building integrated photovoltaic products: A state-of-the-art review and future research opportunities

Accuracy analysis of software for the estimation and planning of photovoltaic installations

Large-scale experimental wind-driven rain exposure investigations of building integrated photovoltaics

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