Whole Grain Oats Improve Insulin Sensitivity and Plasma Cholesterol Profile and Modify Gut Microbiota Composition in C57BL/6J Mice

Zhou, Albert Lihong; Hergert, Nancie; Rompato, Giovanni; Lefevre, Michael

doi:10.3945/jn.114.199778

Cited by 59 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The administration of 3 g/day of ␤-glucans to 33 polypectomized patients showed no effects on the fecal cultivable lactobacilli and bifidobacteria (27). An increased level of lactobacilli was found in animal models after a barley-or oat-containing diet, especially using high-viscosity ␤-glucans (22,23,24). At the same time, an oat product-based diet or ␤-glucans from Laminaria digitata, Laminaria hyperborea, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae did not increase the levels of lactobacilli in pigs and rats (25,50).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…On the contrary, oat ␤-glucans did not favor the growth of Clostridium sp. in SHIME and C57BL/6J mouse models (21,24,49). However, several discrepancies between the different studies might be due to the different models and methods used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the positive effects of ␤-glucans on the growth of beneficial intestinal lactobacilli and bifidobacteria were shown in in vitro studies (20,21) and animal experiments (22,23). Nevertheless, other studies that also used animal models did not show significant effects of ␤-glucans on lactobacilli and/or bifidobacteria (24,25). Unfortunately, human clinical challenges that have dealt with the prebiotic effect of ␤-glucans are rather scarce.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of Whole-Grain Barley on the Human Fecal Microbiota and Metabolome

Angelis

Montemurno

Vannini

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

131

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In this study, we compared the fecal microbiota and metabolomes of 26 healthy subjects before (HS) and after (HSB) 2 months of diet intervention based on the administration of durum wheat flour and whole-grain barley pasta containing the minimum recommended daily intake (3 g) of barley ␤-glucans. Metabolically active bacteria were analyzed through pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and community-level catabolic profiles. Pyrosequencing data showed that levels of Clostridiaceae (Clostridium orbiscindens and Clostridium sp.), Roseburia hominis, and Ruminococcus sp. increased, while levels of other Firmicutes and Fusobacteria decreased, from the HSB samples to the HS fecal samples. Community-level catabolic profiles were lower in HSB samples. Compared to the results for HS samples, cultivable lactobacilli increased in HSB fecal samples, while the numbers of Enterobacteriaceae, total coliforms, and Bacteroides, Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes, and Aeromonas bacteria decreased. Metabolome analyses were performed using an amino acid analyzer and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry solidphase microextraction. A marked increase in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), such as 2-methyl-propanoic, acetic, butyric, and propionic acids, was found in HSB samples with respect to the HS fecal samples. Durum wheat flour and whole-grain barley pasta containing 3% barley ␤-glucans appeared to be effective in modulating the composition and metabolic pathways of the intestinal microbiota, leading to an increased level of SCFA in the HSB samples.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Whole-Grain Barley on the Human Fecal Microbiota and Metabolome

Angelis

Montemurno

Vannini

et al. 2015

Appl Environ Microbiol

131

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“…Similarly, correlations between gut microbiota and grains have also been identified in other studies. Zhou et al [45] fed mice with whole grain oat or low bran oat flour for eight weeks and found that the two experimental groups had different compositions of intestinal microbiota. Carvalho-Wells et al [46] found that maize-derived whole grain was correlated with an increased level of bifidobacteria in the human gut microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic Differences Shape the Alpha but Not Beta Diversity of Gut Microbiota from School Children in the Absence of Environmental Differences

Zhang

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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Although the human gut microbiome is shaped by factors such as diet, environment, and genetic background, most studies investigating the relationship between ethnicity and microbiota have compared groups living in separate geographical locations. To isolate the effects of ethnicity on microbial diversity by minimizing environmental differences, we selected 143 school children from Han, Tibetan, and Hui populations from the same town on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau for fecal microbiome 16S rDNA sequencing. We characterized the diversity, identified signature taxa, and performed correlation analysis between diet and community composition. Firmicutes (47.61%) and Bacteroidetes (38.05%) were dominant phyla among the three ethnic groups; seven genera showed significant differences in relative abundance. Tibetan populations had a higher relative abundance of Oscillibacter and Barnesiella, compared with Han and Hui populations. Alpha diversity analyses (observed species, ACE, and Shannon indices) showed that the Tibetan population had the highest diversity compared to the Hui and Han groups, whereas beta diversity analysis revealed no significant differences between groups. The consumption of grains, milk, eggs, and fruits were positively correlated with specific taxa. Under similar environments and diet, ethnic background significantly contributed to differences in alpha diversity but not beta diversity of gut microbiota.

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“…Whole grain feeding impacted energy intake that was associated with changes in metabolomics profile of gut microbiome derived metabolites and gut hormone changes [104]. Zhou et al clearly described that feeding of whole grains dominantly changes gut microbiome and improve insulin sensitivity and other metabolic measures in mice models [105]. Whole-grain barley feeding known to decrease the high fat diet-induced inflammation that is possibly related to formation of short chain fatty acids i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole Grains in Amelioration of Metabolic Derangements

Yadav¹

2016

JNHFS

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Daily diet influences whole body metabolism, and intricately linked to the prevention or progression of metabolic diseases including obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Several epidemiological and large scale studies have shown that diets enriched with whole grains improves metabolic function and protect from the development of metabolic diseases. Direct impact of whole grain diet can be mediated on several levels of metabolic functions i.e. reduced glycemic index, improved fat oxidation potential, increased cholesterol clearance or decreased cholesterol biosynthesis and modulation of gut microbiome. In this article we reviewed several studies indicating the beneficial effects of whole grain diets on metabolic functions, as well as discussed the potential active phytochemicals present in these whole grain foods to contribute in modulation of metabolic function in our body.

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Whole Grain Oats Improve Insulin Sensitivity and Plasma Cholesterol Profile and Modify Gut Microbiota Composition in C57BL/6J Mice

Abstract: In mice, WGOs improved insulin sensitivity and plasma cholesterol profile compared with LBOs, and the effects were associated with the changes in cecal microbiota composition. Increasing WGO consumption may help improve insulin sensitivity and dyslipidemia in chronic diseases.

Cited by 59 publications

References 63 publications

Effect of Whole-Grain Barley on the Human Fecal Microbiota and Metabolome

Effect of Whole-Grain Barley on the Human Fecal Microbiota and Metabolome

Ethnic Differences Shape the Alpha but Not Beta Diversity of Gut Microbiota from School Children in the Absence of Environmental Differences

Whole Grains in Amelioration of Metabolic Derangements

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