Whole-Grain Consumption Is Associated with Diet Quality and Nutrient Intake in Adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004

O’Neil, Carol E.; Nicklas, Theresa A.; Zanovec, Michael; Cho, Susan

doi:10.1016/j.jada.2010.07.012

Cited by 103 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Consistent with other studies (29,33), whole-grain intake is apparently low in this sample of community-dwelling older adults. The median plasma AR concentration was 20 nmol/L, which is similar to that in participants consuming a controlled diet containing only refined grain in an intervention study (36).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Although several studies have related estimates of wholegrain intake to concentrations of plasma AR (5,12,16,17,27,32), most of these studies were conducted in adults living in northern Europe where habitual whole-grain intake may be higher than in the United States (daily consumption <16 g or 1 serving) (33). For example, the mean intake of whole grains in a general Danish population was ;35 g/d (;2 servings) (12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma Alkylresorcinols, Biomarkers of Whole-Grain Intake, Are Related to Lower BMI in Older Adults

Ross

Shea

et al. 2012

The Journal of Nutrition

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Alkylresorcinols (AR) are phenolic lipids found in the bran fraction of whole-grain wheat, rye, and barley. In intervention studies, plasma AR concentration increased in response to greater intakes of whole grain, wheat, and rye. This study examined the cross-sectional associations between plasma AR and habitual whole-grain intake, BMI, and metabolic risk factors in 407 free-living older adults (166 men and 241 women; aged 60-81y; median BMI: 27 kg/m 2 ). Plasma AR were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem MS, and whole-grain intakes were estimated by using an FFQ. After adjustment for fasting TG concentrations, median plasma AR concentrations across quartile categories of AR were 5, 14, 27, and 62 nmol/L, respectively. Spearman correlation coefficients between plasma AR and whole-grain wheat-rich foods and total bran intake were 0.31 and 0.27, respectively (both P < 0.0001). After adjustment for multiple covariates, the geometric means of BMI in the lowest and highest quartile category of plasma AR were 27.6 and 26.7 kg/m 2 , respectively (P-trend = 0.04). No associations were observed between plasma AR and glucose and insulin. Our study shows a dose-dependent relationship between whole-grain intake and plasma AR and confirms the previously observed inverse relationship between whole-grain intake and BMI using an independent biomarker of whole-grain wheat intake.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Alkylresorcinols, Biomarkers of Whole-Grain Intake, Are Related to Lower BMI in Older Adults

Ross

Shea

et al. 2012

The Journal of Nutrition

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“…An analysis of whole grain consumption in a national sample in the US showed that less than 5% of adults aged 19 to 50 years consumed three or more servings of whole grains per day [21]. This percentage is less than the percentage found in our study, with 21.1% of participants reporting consuming three or more servings of whole grains per day.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

Assessment of cancer risk in two rural West Texas communities using anthropometrics, diet, and physical activity

Masis¹,

Reed²,

McCool³

et al. 2013

OJPM

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Cancer risks in the United States are linked to undesirable dietary and physical activity habits that may be more common in rural communities. This study assessed the cancer risk in two rural West Texas communities through anthropometrics, diet, and physical activity measures (n = 374). No significant relationships were found between body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and sugar-sweetened beverages; however, data showed significant negative associations between BMI and WC and physical activity. Over 58% of the sample was unaware of the link between obesity and cancer risk. Further evaluation of cancer risk in rural communities is needed to develop effective interventions and reduce health disparities.

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“…The literature generally associates whole-grain intake with lower cancer risk, greater diet quality, and better control of body weight (101,126,140).…”

Section: Low-fat/vegetarian Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can We Say What Diet Is Best for Health?

Katz

Meller

2014

Annu. Rev. Public Health

315

204

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Diet is established among the most important influences on health in modern societies. Injudicious diet figures among the leading causes of premature death and chronic disease. Optimal eating is associated with increased life expectancy, dramatic reduction in lifetime risk of all chronic disease, and amelioration of gene expression. In this context, claims abound for the competitive merits of various diets relative to one another. Whereas such claims, particularly when attached to commercial interests, emphasize distinctions, the fundamentals of virtually all eating patterns associated with meaningful evidence of health benefit overlap substantially. There have been no rigorous, long-term studies comparing contenders for best diet laurels using methodology that precludes bias and confounding, and for many reasons such studies are unlikely. In the absence of such direct comparisons, claims for the established superiority of any one specific diet over others are exaggerated. The weight of evidence strongly supports a theme of healthful eating while allowing for variations on that theme. A diet of minimally processed foods close to nature, predominantly plants, is decisively associated with health promotion and disease prevention and is consistent with the salient components of seemingly distinct dietary approaches. Efforts to improve public health through diet are forestalled not for want of knowledge about the optimal feeding of Homo sapiens but for distractions associated with exaggerated claims, and our failure to convert what we reliably know into what we routinely do. Knowledge in this case is not, as of yet, power; would that it were so.

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Whole-Grain Consumption Is Associated with Diet Quality and Nutrient Intake in Adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2004

Cited by 103 publications

References 41 publications

Plasma Alkylresorcinols, Biomarkers of Whole-Grain Intake, Are Related to Lower BMI in Older Adults

Plasma Alkylresorcinols, Biomarkers of Whole-Grain Intake, Are Related to Lower BMI in Older Adults

Assessment of cancer risk in two rural West Texas communities using anthropometrics, diet, and physical activity

Can We Say What Diet Is Best for Health?

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