Whole Egg Consumption Prevents Diminished Serum 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol Concentrations in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Jones, Samantha K.; Koh, Gar Yee; Rowling, Matthew J.; Schalinske, Kevin L.

doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04347

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Egg consumption has also been shown to promote weight loss in a limited number of human studies (57, 58). In contrast to our previous findings (20, 21), we did not observe a reduction in body weight gain in ZDF rats fed a whole egg–based diet. Moreover, relative adipose tissue weight not differ between ZDF rats, regardless of dietary treatment.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…It is widely recognized that obesity is a major risk factor for insulin resistance, which precedes the onset of overt diabetes (1–3). We previously reported that a whole egg–based diet attenuates cumulative body weight gain in the Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat, a well-characterized genetic model of obesity and T2D (20, 21). The observed attenuation in body weight gain was attributed, in part, to an 8% reduction in body fat in ZDF rats consuming a whole egg–based diet (20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Whole Egg Consumption Impairs Insulin Sensitivity in a Rat Model of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

Saande¹,

Steffes²,

Webb³

et al. 2019

Current Developments in Nutrition

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Background The literature regarding the relation between egg consumption and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is inconsistent and there is limited evidence pertaining to the impact of egg consumption on measures of insulin sensitivity. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary whole egg on metabolic biomarkers of insulin resistance in T2D rats. Methods Male Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats ( n = 12; 6 wk of age) and age-matched lean controls ( n = 12) were randomly assigned to be fed a casein- or whole egg–based diet. At week 5 of dietary treatment, an insulin tolerance test (ITT) was performed on all rats and blood glucose was measured by glucometer. After 7 wk of dietary treatment, rats were anesthetized and whole blood was collected via a tail vein bleed. Following sedation, the extensor digitorum longus muscle was removed before and after an intraperitoneal insulin injection, and insulin signaling in skeletal muscle was analyzed by Western blot. Serum glucose and insulin were analyzed by ELISA for calculation of the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Results Mean ITT blood glucose over the course of 60 min was 32% higher in ZDF rats fed the whole egg–based diet than in ZDF rats fed the casein-based diet. Furthermore, whole egg consumption increased fasting blood glucose by 35% in ZDF rats. Insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of key proteins in the insulin signaling pathway did not differ in skeletal muscle of ZDF rats fed casein- and whole egg–based diets. In lean rats, no differences were observed in insulin tolerance, HOMA-IR and skeletal muscle insulin signaling, regardless of experimental dietary treatment. Conclusions These data suggest that whole body insulin sensitivity may be impaired by whole egg consumption in T2D rats, although no changes were observed in skeletal muscle insulin signaling that could explain this finding.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole Egg Consumption Impairs Insulin Sensitivity in a Rat Model of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

Saande¹,

Steffes²,

Webb³

et al. 2019

Current Developments in Nutrition

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“…Specific egg components, such as hen egg lysozymes, have been previously studied in altering gene expression in pig intestinal tissues ( 28 ), but very little information is known about how dietary WE affects endogenous gene expression across specific tissues. The beneficial role of a WE-based diet in maintaining vitamin D status and modulating adverse phenotypic outcomes in both a type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) animal models has been consistently demonstrated ( 12 , 29 ); however, we have not investigated how WE consumption modulates gene expression in a standard rodent model. RNA-sequencing is a powerful tool that can elucidate the influence of dietary patterns at the level of the transcriptome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA Sequencing Reveals Key Metabolic Pathways Are Modified by Short-Term Whole Egg Consumption

et al. 2021

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Eggs are protein-rich, nutrient-dense, and contain bioactive ingredients that have been shown to modify gene expression and impact health. To understand the effects of egg consumption on tissue-specific mRNA and microRNA expression, we examined the role of whole egg consumption (20% protein, w/w) on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between rat (n = 12) transcriptomes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), liver, kidney, and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Principal component analysis with hierarchical clustering was used to examine transcriptome profiles between dietary treatment groups. We performed Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis as well as genetic network and disease enrichment analysis to examine which metabolic pathways were the most predominantly altered in each tissue. Overall, our data demonstrates that whole egg consumption for 2 weeks modified the expression of 52 genes in the PFC, 22 genes in VAT, and two genes in the liver (adj p < 0.05). Additionally, 16 miRNAs were found to be differentially regulated in the PFC, VAT, and liver, but none survived multiple testing correction. The main pathways influenced by WE consumption were glutathione metabolism in VAT and cholesterol biosynthesis in the PFC. These data highlight key pathways that may be involved in diseases and are impacted by acute consumption of a diet containing whole eggs.

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“…The in vivo study addressing the effect of whole egg consumption on T2D is very limited. In Zucker diabetic fatty rats, eight-week feeding of dried whole egg-based diet was shown to reduce blood glucose and triglyceride concentrations, decrease the percentage of body fat, suppress weight gain, and increase circulating 25-hydroxycholecalciferol level, compared to diabetic rats fed with casein-based diet [9,10].…”

Section: Egg Consumption and The Risk Of T2dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism and Potential of Egg Consumption and Egg Bioactive Components on Type-2 Diabetes

Son

Chalamaiah

2019

Nutrients

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Type-2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the major global health challenges and a substantial economic burden. Egg and egg-derived components have been indicated to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, immunomodulatory, and anti-cancer activities. However, the scientific evidence about the benefits of egg on T2D is debatable. The relationship between egg consumption and the risk of T2D from observational epidemiological studies is not consistent. Interventional clinical studies, however, provide promising evidence that egg consumption ameliorates the risk of T2D. Current research progress also indicates that some egg components and egg-derived peptides might be beneficial in the context of T2D, in terms of insulin secretion and sensitivity, oxidative stress, and inflammation, suggesting possible application on T2D management. The current review summarizes recent clinical investigations related to the influence of egg consumption on T2D risk and in vivo and in vitro studies on the effect and mechanism of egg components and egg-derived peptides on T2D.

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Whole Egg Consumption Prevents Diminished Serum 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol Concentrations in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Whole Egg Consumption Impairs Insulin Sensitivity in a Rat Model of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

Whole Egg Consumption Impairs Insulin Sensitivity in a Rat Model of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

RNA Sequencing Reveals Key Metabolic Pathways Are Modified by Short-Term Whole Egg Consumption

Mechanism and Potential of Egg Consumption and Egg Bioactive Components on Type-2 Diabetes

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