Whole brain atrophy rate predicts progression from MCI to Alzheimer’s disease

Spulber, Gabriela; Niskanen, Eini; MacDonald, Stuart W. S.; Smilovici, Oded; Chen, Kewei; Reiman, Eric M.; Jauhiainen, Anne M.; Hallikainen, Merja; Tervo, Susanna; Wahlund, Lars‐Olof; Vanninen, Ritva; Kivipelto, Miia; Soininen, Hilkka

doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2008.08.018

Cited by 43 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The majority of studies have found higher concurrent rates of whole brain and temporal lobe atrophy in MCI subjects that progress to AD over the course of the study than subjects that remain stable Desikan et al 2008;Spulber et al 2008;Sluimer et al 2009;Wang et al 2009). An association has also been identified between rates of atrophy and subsequent clinical progression in both healthy controls and subjects with MCI, suggesting that these measures could be used to predict clinical course.…”

Section: Alzheimer's Disease Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Progression of Atrophy in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders

Whitwell

2010

Neurotox Res

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Longitudinal MRI is a powerful tool that allows the assessment of progression of brain changes over multiple imaging time-points and has been increasingly employed in the study of neurodegenerative dementias, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD). Early studies demonstrated that AD was associated with increased rates of whole brain loss and hippocampal atrophy. A number of sophisticated voxel-level techniques have now been developed that have provided additional information describing regional atrophy over time in the temporal, parietal, and frontal lobes in AD. Studies have also focused on subjects in the prodromal phase of AD in order to describe the earliest changes that are occurring in the brain. Atrophy has been shown to start in the medial temporal lobes and fusiform gyrus at least 3 years before subjects reach a diagnosis of AD, and then spread to the posterior temporal lobes and parietal lobes, and then eventually the frontal lobes. These patterns of atrophy correlate well with the progression of neurofibrillary tangles observed on pathology. Rates of atrophy have also been shown to accelerate over the course of the disease as a subject progresses from cognitively normal to a diagnosis of AD. Similar techniques have also been applied to other neurodegenerative diseases, such as frontotemporal dementia which show higher rates of atrophy and different patterns of progression to those observed in AD. Hence, longitudinal MRI shows promise as a biomarker of disease progression in neurodegenerative disease.

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Section: Alzheimer's Disease Spectrummentioning

confidence: 99%

Progression of Atrophy in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders

Whitwell

2010

Neurotox Res

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“…88 Whole-brain longitudinal atrophy rates per se have been shown to predict conversion. 89,90 More specifically, whole-brain VBM analysis reveals higher atrophy rates in converters in the hippocampal area, the inferior and middle temporal gyri, the posterior cingulate, and the precuneus. 91 In a deformation-based morphometry study, Teipel et al 42 detected a principal-component-analysisϪderived pattern of regional brain atrophy, including the medial temporal lobes, neocortical association areas, thalamus, and basal ganglia, and consecutive CSF widening that allows discrimination between MCI converters and nonconverters with 80% accuracy based on CSF maps and 73% accuracy based on brain-atrophy maps.…”

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confidence: 99%

Functional and Structural MR Imaging in Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Part 1: Imaging Techniques and Their Application in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease

Mueller¹,

Keeser

Reiser³

et al. 2011

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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SUMMARY:During the past decade, the application of advanced MR imaging techniques in neuropsychiatric disorders has seen a rapid increase. Disease-specific alterations in brain function can be assessed by fMRI. Structural GM and WM properties are increasingly investigated by DTI and voxel-based approaches like VBM. These methods provide neurobiologic correlates for brain architecture and function, evaluation tools for therapeutic approaches, and potential early markers for diagnosis. The aim of this review was to provide insight into the principles of functional and structural imaging and to delineate major findings in MCI, AD (Part 1), autism, and schizophrenia (Part 2), which are common psychiatric disorders covering different stages of the life span. Part 2 will conclude by summarizing current applications, limitations, and future prospects in the field of MR imagingϪbased neuroimaging.ABBREVIATIONS ACC ϭ anterior cingulate cortex; AD ϭ Alzheimer disease; ASD ϭ autism spectrum disorders; BOLD ϭ blood oxygen level-dependent; DMN ϭ default mode network; EEG ϭ electroencephalography; FA ϭ fractional anisotropy; GM ϭ gray matter; ICA ϭ independent component analysis; MCI ϭ mild cognitive impairment; MD ϭ mean diffusivity; PCC ϭ posterior cingulate cortex; rsfMRI ϭ resting-state fMRI; VBM ϭ voxel-based morphometry T he past years have seen significant advances in the areas of functional and structural neuroimaging, particularly in their application to the field of neuropsychiatric disorders.MR imagingϪbased methods such as fMRI, DTI, and VBM provide neurobiologic correlates of neuropsychiatric disorders in vivo and potential early markers of disease for improved diagnosis. However, we still need to tune the available neuroimaging markers to provide an individually applicable marker of disease to predict the risk of an asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic subject developing a specific neuropsychiatric disease. This is most relevant for the design and conduction of future primary or secondary prevention trials of neurodegenerative disorders such as AD or genetically determined disorders, the course of which can be dramatically improved through early intervention, such as schizophrenia or ASD. To date the clinical application of MR imaging in neuropsychiatric diseases is mostly limited to the exclusion of macroscopic abnormalities. In this review, we discuss the methodologic basis and the scope and limitations of functional and structural MR imaging techniques and summarize major findings gained by applying these techniques to AD, schizophrenia, and ASD. Brain Function as Assessed by fMRIClassic task-dependent fMRI paradigms use the change in BOLD signal intensity evoked by the performance of a specific task in the scanner. The increase of BOLD signal intensity is an indirect measure of activation of a distinct brain region. 1 rsfMRI is a novel approach in which the patient does not perform a task but lies quietly in the scanner. It allows the detection of functional resting-state connectivity of brain networks. Function...

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“…Recent studies and reviews focus on multimodal MRI techniques to define surrogate neuroimaging biomarkers, which help to differentiate individuals with cognitive decline due to normal aging, MCI, or AD (6)(7)(8)(24)(25)(26). WMHs on FLAIR images are a common finding among elderly cognitively healthy subjects, in those with MCI and a variety of dementias (27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other study groups found a significant correlation between parietal WMH and executive function decline in MCI or an association of a high lesion load in the temporal region with the risk of developing MCI, respectively (30,31). Several longitudinal MR studies have described brain atrophy patterns in MCI subjects, which should predict conversion from MCI to AD (25,(32)(33)(34). Medial temporal lobe atrophy and hippocampal volume loss have been shown to be the best morphologic predictors for conversion from MCI to AD by volumetric MR studies (35)(36)(37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%