Whole body PD-1 and PD-L1 positron emission tomography in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer

Niemeijer, Anna-Larissa N.; Leung, David; Huisman, Marc C.; Bahce, Idris; Hoekstra, Otto S.; Dongen, Guus A.M.S. van; Boellaard, Ronald; Du, Shuyan; Hayes, Wendy; Smith, Roy C.; Windhorst, Albert D.; Hendrikse, N. Harry; Poot, Alex J.; Vugts, Daniëlle J.; Thunnissen, Erik; Morin, Paul E.; Lipovšek, Daša; Donnelly, David J.; Bonacorsi, Samuel J.; Velasquez, Linda; Gruijl, Tanja D. de; Smit, Egbert F.; Langen, Adrianus J de

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-07131-y

Cited by 374 publications

(396 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Ten members are included in the B7/CD28 family, including B7-1/CD28, B7-2/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), ICOS-L/ICOS and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand (PD-L1). 8,9 Inhibitors of PD-L1/PD-1 have been approved by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as second-line treatments for lung cancer, because of their therapeutic benefit in clinical trials. 6,7 The B7/CD28 family regulates the proliferation and function of T cells as antigen-presenting cells (APCs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overexpression of B7H5/CD28H is associated with worse survival in human gastric cancer

Chen

et al. 2019

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignancy with low 5-year overall survival (OS).Recently, immune therapy has been used to treat cancer. B7H5 and CD28H are novel immune checkpoint molecules. However, the prognostic value of B7H5/CD28H expression in patients with GC remains unclear. In this study, seventy-one patients diagnosed with GC were included in this study. Patients' GC tissues and matched adjacent tissue constructed a tissue microarray. The expression levels of B7H5 and CD28H were examined using immunohistochemistry. Correlations between the expression of B7H5 and CD28H and the clinical data were evaluated. We found that the expression of B7H5 and CD28H (both P = .001) were higher in GC tumour tissues than in adjacent noncancerous tissues. B7H5/CD28H expression acted as an independent predictive factor in the OS of patients with GC. High expression of B7H5 and CD28H predicted poor outcome.Patients in the B7H5+CD28H+ group had a lower 5-year OS compared with patients in the B7H5−CD28− group (4.5% vs 55.6%, P = .001). A significant difference was found in the 5-year OS between patients in the B7H5+CD28H− and B7H5+CD28H+ groups (33.5% vs 4.5%, P = .006). However, there was no correlation between B7H5 and CD28H expression (P = .844). Therefore, B7H5 and CD28H expression are up-regulated in GC and are independent prognostic factors for overall survival in patients with GC. Although there was no correlation between B7H5 and CD28H expression, high expression of B7H5 and CD28H predicts poor prognosis, especially when both are highly expressed. K E Y W O R D SB7 family checkpoints, B7H5, CD28H, gastric cancer, immunotherapy

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(range:[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The median score was used to determine the cut-off value of low or high CD28H expression.…”

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confidence: 99%

Overexpression of B7H5/CD28H is associated with worse survival in human gastric cancer

Chen

et al. 2019

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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“…These results for the survival are possibly linked to the heterogeneity of the PD-L1 expression across different tumor localizations. Comparable results were obtained in another study evaluating two anti-PD-1/PD-L1 radiotracers (a 18 Fluor-labeled anti-PD-L1 Adnectin and an anti-PD-1, 89 Zirconium-labeled nivolumab) on 13 patients with advanced NSCLC [39]. Other PD-L1-specific radiolabeled peptides exist.…”

Section: Immunoimagingmentioning

confidence: 72%

Immunotherapy by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Nuclear Medicine Imaging: Current and Future Applications

Decazes

Bohn

2020

Cancers

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Immunotherapy by using immune checkpoint inhibitors is a revolutionary development in oncology. Medical imaging is also impacted by this new therapy, particularly nuclear medicine imaging (also called radionuclide imaging), which uses radioactive tracers to visualize metabolic functions. Our aim was to review the current applications of nuclear medicine imaging in immunotherapy, along with their limitations, and the perspectives offered by this imaging modality. Method: Articles describing the use of radionuclide imaging in immunotherapy were researched using PubMed by April 2019 and analyzed. Results: More than 5000 articles were analyzed, and nearly 100 of them were retained. Radionuclide imaging, notably 18F-FDG PET/CT, already has a major role in many cancers for pre-therapeutic and therapeutic evaluation, diagnoses of adverse effects, called immune-related adverse events (IrAE), and end-of-treatment evaluations. However, these current applications can be hindered by immunotherapy, notably due to atypical response patterns such as pseudoprogression, which is defined as an increase in the size of lesions, or the visualization of new lesions, followed by a response, and hyperprogression, which is an accelerated tumor growth rate after starting treatment. To overcome these difficulties, new opportunities are offered, particularly therapeutic evaluation criteria adapted to immunotherapy and immuno-PET allowing us to predict responses to immunotherapy. Moreover, some new technological solutions are also promising, such as radiomic analyses and body composition on associated anatomical images. However, more research has to be done, notably for the diagnosis of hyperprogression and pseudoprogression. Conclusion: Immunotherapy, by its major impact on cancer and by the new patterns generated on images, is revolutionary in the field of medical images. Nuclear medicine imaging is already established and will be able to help meet new challenges through its plasticity.

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“…Technical limitations in assessing PD-L1 expression could be overcome by alternative assays, such as mRNA (messenger RNA) measurement by RNA sequencing or reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) (Conroy et al 2019, Erber et al 2017; however, addressing potential biological limitations will remain challenging. New approaches for evaluating PD-L1 expression that are being developed include noninvasive nuclear imaging approaches, which may allow unbiased whole-body imaging of PD-L1 expression that can be followed over time (Kumar et al 2019, Niemeijer et al 2018. Initial studies using zirconium 89-labeled atezolizumab (Bensch et al 2018) suggest that this approach may be more predictive than IHC-or RT-PCR-based assays.…”

Section: New Approachesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers for Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade

Ganesan

Mehnert²

2020

Annu. Rev. Cancer Biol.

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Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has significant clinical activity in diverse cancer classes and can induce durable remissions in even refractory advanced disease. However, only a minority of cancer patients treated with ICB have long-term benefits, and ICB treatment is associated with significant, potentially life-threatening, autoimmune side effects. There is a great need to develop biomarkers of response to guide patient selection to maximize the chance of benefit and prevent unnecessary toxicity, and current biomarkers do not have optimal positive or negative predictive value. A variety of potential biomarkers are currently being developed, including those based on assessment of checkpoint protein expression, evaluation of tumor-intrinsic features including mutation burden and viral infection, evaluation of features of the tumor immune microenvironment including nature of immune cell infiltration, and features of the host such as composition of the gut microbiome. Better understanding of the underlying fundamental mechanisms of immune response and resistance to ICB, along with the use of complementary assays that interrogate distinct features of the tumor, the tumor microenvironment, and host immune system, will allow more precise use of these therapies to optimize patient outcomes.

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Whole body PD-1 and PD-L1 positron emission tomography in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer

Cited by 374 publications

References 25 publications

Overexpression of B7H5/CD28H is associated with worse survival in human gastric cancer

Overexpression of B7H5/CD28H is associated with worse survival in human gastric cancer

Immunotherapy by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Nuclear Medicine Imaging: Current and Future Applications

Biomarkers for Response to Immune Checkpoint Blockade

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