Whole-body electromyostimulation and protein supplementation favorably affect sarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling older men at risk: the randomized controlled FranSO study

Kemmler, Wolfgang; Weißenfels, Anja; Teschler, Marc; Willert, Sebastian; Bębenek, Marek; Shojaa, Mahdieh; Kohl, Matthias; Freiberger, Ellen; Sieber, Cornel; Stengel, Simon von

doi:10.2147/cia.s137987

Cited by 88 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Curiously, the exercise training methodology proposed in all of these studies was similar: (a) 10‐14 dynamic exercises (without any additional weights) structured in 1‐2 sets of 8 repetitions, (b) impulse frequency of 85 Hz, (c) impulse width of 350 µs, and (d) duty cycle of 50%. Despite the different exercise training program durations (ranged from 14 to 55 weeks) and the fact that these whole‐body electromyostimulation programs were performed in individuals with different ages and biological characteristics, they showed a decrease of FM (ranged from −8.5% to −0.5% of FM), an increase of LM (ranged from +0.5% to +2.5% of LM), and an slight increase of BMD (+0.5%) . These results concur with our findings that revealed a significant decrease of −7% in FM, a significant increase of +7% in LM and a significant increase of + 1.5% in BMC.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…A number of studies have previously examined the role of whole‐body electromyostimulation training on body composition parameters, showing that this training modality induced a decrease of FM and an increase of LM in individuals with different ages and biological characteristics . Curiously, the exercise training methodology proposed in all of these studies was similar: (a) 10‐14 dynamic exercises (without any additional weights) structured in 1‐2 sets of 8 repetitions, (b) impulse frequency of 85 Hz, (c) impulse width of 350 µs, and (d) duty cycle of 50%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,5 A number of studies have previously examined the role of whole-body electromyostimulation training on body composition parameters, showing that this training modality induced a decrease of FM and an increase of LM in individuals with different ages and biological characteristics. 10,11,13,16,18,19,22,25,27,29 Curiously, the exercise training methodology proposed in all of these studies was similar: (a) 10-14 dynamic exercises (without any additional weights) structured in 1-2 sets of 8 repetitions, (b) impulse frequency of 85 Hz, (c) impulse width of 350 µs, and (d) duty cycle of 50%. Despite the different exercise training program durations (ranged from 14 to 55 weeks) and the fact that these wholebody electromyostimulation programs were performed in individuals with different ages and biological characteristics, they showed a decrease of FM (ranged from −8.5% to −0.5% of FM), an increase of LM (ranged from +0.5% to +2.5% of LM), and an slight increase of BMD (+0.5%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 21 studies have investigated its influence on physical fitness and health in trained and untrained individuals, and in patients who cannot perform conventional modalities of exercise because of physical or mental illness . Most of these studies (n = 10) have examined the role of whole‐body electromyostimulation training on body composition parameters, showing that this training modality induced a generally decrease of FM and a generally increase of LM in (a) sedentary older men and women with sarcopenic obesity (all of them aged > 70 years old), (b) in sedentary older women with obesity (aged > 70 years old), (c) in moderately trained male runners, (d) in sedentary healthy men (aged 30‐50 years old), and (e) in moderately trained healthy women (aged > 55 years old) . In addition, a study conducted in sedentary older women with osteopenia (aged > 70 years old) suggested that a 54‐week whole‐body electromyostimulation training program could be an option for maintaining BMD …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of different exercise training programs on body composition: A randomized control trial

Amaro‐Gahete

De‐la‐O

Ruiz

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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We aimed to investigate the effects of different exercise training programs on body composition parameters in sedentary middle‐aged adults. A total of 89 middle‐aged adults (53.5 ± 4.9 years old; ~53% women) participated in the FIT‐AGEING study. A 12‐week randomized controlled trial was performed with a parallel group design. The participants were randomly assigned to (a) a concurrent training based on physical activity recommendation from the World Health Organization group (PAR group), (b) a high‐intensity interval training group (HIIT group), and (c) a high‐intensity interval training group adding whole‐body electromyostimulation group (WB‐EMS group). A significant decrease of fat body mass, fat body mass index, and visceral adipose tissue was observed in all training modalities compared to the control group (all P ≤ 0.001). There was a significant increase in lean body mass in the HIIT group as well as in the WB‐EMS group compared to the control group and the PAR group (all P ≤ 0.044), whereas an increment of lean body mass index was only observed in the WB‐EMS group compared to the control group and the PAR group (all P ≤ 0.042). A significant increase of bone mineral content was observed in the WB‐EMS group compared to the control group (P = 0.015), while no changes were found in the PAR group and in the HIIT group compared to the control group (all P ≥ 0.2). Our findings suggest that PAR, HIIT, and WB‐EMS can be used as a strategy to improve body composition parameters, obtaining slightly better results with the application of WB‐EMS.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of different exercise training programs on body composition: A randomized control trial

Amaro‐Gahete

De‐la‐O

Ruiz

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…A cohort profiting probably most from EMS are sarcopenic individuals, unable or unwilling to perform regular exercise. As reported in several studies, EMS improves muscle mass and muscle function without altering abdominal and total body fat content, thus enhancing gait and quality of life . For example, a 4 month EMS intervention period (in total 48 sessions) in subjects >75 years resulted in an increase of rectus femoris cross‐sectional area by around 30% .…”

Section: Human Datamentioning

confidence: 81%

Electromyostimulation to fight atrophy and to build muscle: facts and numbers

Adams

2018

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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In recent years, electrical myostimulation (EMS) is becoming more and more popular to increase muscle function and muscle weight. Especially it is applied in healthy individual after injury to rebuild muscle mass and in severely atrophic patients who are not able or willing to perform conventional exercise training programs. Studies in experimental models as well as in human subjects confirmed that EMS can increase muscle mass by around 1% and improve muscle function by around 10–15% after 5–6 weeks of treatment. Despite a severe increase in circulating creatine kinase during the first session, EMS can be regarded as a safe therapeutic intervention. At the molecular level, EMS improves the anabolic/catabolic balance and stimulates the regenerative capacity of satellite cells. EMS intensity should be as high as individually tolerated, and a minimum of three sessions per week [large pulses (between 300–450 μs), high frequency (50–100 Hz in young and around 30 Hz in older individuals)] for at least 5–6 weeks should be performed. EMS improved functional performances more effectively than voluntary training and counteracted fast type muscle fibre atrophy, typically associated with sarcopenia. The effect of superimposing EMS on conventional exercise training to achieve more muscle mass and better function is still discussed controversially. Nevertheless, EMS should not be regarded as a replacement of exercise training per se, since the beneficial effect of exercise training is not just relying on building muscle mass but it also exerts positive effects on endothelial, myocardial, and cognitive function.

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Four weeks of electromyostimulation improves muscle function and strength in sarcopenic patients: a three‐arm parallel randomized trial

Teschler

Heimer

Schmitz

et al. 2021

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Background Sarcopenia, defined as loss of muscle mass, quality, and function, is associated with reduced quality of life and adverse health outcomes including disability and mortality. Electromyostimulation (EMS) has been suggested to attenuate the loss of muscle mass and function in elderly, sedentary individuals. This study aimed to investigate the effects of EMS on muscle strength and function during 4 weeks of inpatient medical rehabilitation. Methods Patients receiving 4 weeks of inpatient medical rehabilitation diagnosed with sarcopenia using bioimpedance analysis were eligible to participate. One hundred and thirty‐four patients (55.7 ± 7.9 years, 25.4% female) were randomly assigned to three groups: whole‐body (WB) EMS (n = 48): stimulation of major muscle groups (pectoral muscles, latissimus, trapezius, abdominals, upper arm and leg, lower back muscles, gluteal muscles, and thighs); part‐body (PB) EMS (n = 42): stimulation of leg muscles including gluteal muscles and thighs; and control group (CG, n = 44). All participants performed six 20 min training sessions including dynamic movements (squats, lunges, biceps curl, chest press, butterfly reverse, reverse lunges, standing diagonal crunches, etc.) with superimposed (WB‐, PB‐) EMS or without EMS (CG) in addition to the standard rehabilitation programme. Primary outcome variables included muscle function assessed by chair rise test and 6 min walking test as well as muscle strength (isometric grip strength, leg, arm, and back extension). Results Primary outcome variables chair rise test and leg extension improved significantly (P = 0.001, η2 = 0.06 and P = 0.008, η2 = 0.06; EMS vs. CG) in that chair rise test results increased in WB‐EMS from 5 (4; 7) to 7 (5; 9), in PB‐EMS from 5 (5; 7) to 7 (6; 8), and in CG from 6 (4; 7) to 7 (5; 8) repetitions. Knee extension increased in WB‐EMS from 692.3 ± 248.6 to 831.7 ± 298.7 N, in PB‐EMS from 682.8 ± 257.8 to 790.2 ± 270.2 N, and in CG from 638.5 ± 236.9 to 703.2 ± 218.6 N. No adverse events or side effects occurred. Conclusions We conclude that EMS might be an additional training option to improve muscle function and strength in sarcopenic patients during a 4 week rehabilitation programme. EMS provides greater functional and strength improvements compared with standard treatment with additional potential health benefits for sarcopenic cardiac and orthopaedic patients.

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Whole-body electromyostimulation and protein supplementation favorably affect sarcopenic obesity in community-dwelling older men at risk: the randomized controlled FranSO study

Cited by 88 publications

References 60 publications

Effects of different exercise training programs on body composition: A randomized control trial

Effects of different exercise training programs on body composition: A randomized control trial

Electromyostimulation to fight atrophy and to build muscle: facts and numbers

Four weeks of electromyostimulation improves muscle function and strength in sarcopenic patients: a three‐arm parallel randomized trial

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