Whole-body cryotherapy (extreme cold air exposure) for preventing and treating muscle soreness after exercise in adults

Costello, Joseph; Baker, Philip; Minett, Geoffrey M.; Bieuzen, François; Stewart, Ian B.; Bleakley, Chris

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd010789.pub2

Cited by 76 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Bonferroni-corrected post hoc analyses were used to calculate the particular between-time differences. Effect sizes are expressed as partial eta2

(η_{Partial}^{2})

values of 0.1, 0.3, and >0.5, which were considered small, medium, and large, respectively 44. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the potential linear relationships between the recovery variables.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of local cryotherapy on subjective and objective recovery characteristics following an exhaustive jump protocol

Hohenauer

Clarys

Baeyens

et al. 2016

OAJSM

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The purpose of this controlled trial was to investigate the effects of a single local cryotherapy session on the recovery characteristics over a period of 72 hours. Twenty-two young and healthy female (n=17; mean age: 21.9±1.1 years) and male (n=5;mean age: 25.4±2.8 years) adults participated in this study. Following an exhaustive jump protocol (3×30 countermovement jumps), half of the participants received either a single local cryotherapy application (+8°C) or a single local thermoneutral application (+32°C) of 20-minute duration using two thigh cuffs. Subjective measures of recovery (delayed-onset muscle soreness and ratings of perceived exertion) and objective measures of recovery (vertical jump performance and peak power output) were assessed immediately following the postexercise applications (0 hours) and at 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours after the jump protocol. Local cryotherapy failed to significantly affect any subjective recovery variable during the 72-hour recovery period (P>0.05). After 72 hours, the ratings of perceived exertion were significantly lower in the thermoneutral group compared to that in the cryotherapy group (P=0.002). No significant differences were observed between the cryotherapy and the thermoneutral groups with respect to any of the objective recovery variables. In this experimental study, a 20-minute cryotherapy cuff application failed to demonstrate a positive effect on any objective measures of recovery. The effects of local thermoneutral application on subjective recovery characteristics were superior when compared to the effects of local cryotherapy application at 72 hours postapplication.

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“…Bonferroni-corrected post hoc analyses were used to calculate the particular between-time differences. Effect sizes are expressed as partial eta2

(η_{Partial}^{2})

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of cryotherapy as a postexercise recovery modality has been increasing in popularity 1,2. The effects of cryotherapy are believed to be a result of peripheral vasoconstriction, which leads to the reduction of the inflammatory process due to decreased cell metabolism 3,4.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of local cryotherapy on subjective and objective recovery characteristics following an exhaustive jump protocol

Hohenauer

Clarys

Baeyens

et al. 2016

OAJSM

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“…Recently, (whole body) cryotherapy has been introduced as a popular post-cooling strategy. Cryotherapy involves exposures to extremely cold dry air (< −100°C) for short periods of time (2–4 minutes) 69,70 . During cryotherapy individuals wear minimal clothing, gloves, a woolen headband covering the ears, a nose and mouth mask and dry shoes and socks to reduce the risk to develop cold injury 69 …”

Section: Post-coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another Cochrane review focused solely on the effects of whole body cryotherapy on exercise recovery 69 . Four randomized controlled trials were included, with a total of 64 physically active predominantly male subjects.…”

Section: Post-coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooling interventions for athletes: An overview of effectiveness, physiological mechanisms, and practical considerations

Bongers¹,

Hopman²,

2017

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Exercise-induced increases in core body temperature could negative impact performance and may lead to development of heat-related illnesses. The use of cooling techniques prior (pre-cooling), during (per-cooling) or directly after (post-cooling) exercise may limit the increase in core body temperature and therefore improve exercise performance. The aim of the present review is to provide a comprehensive overview of current scientific knowledge in the field of pre-cooling, per-cooling and post-cooling. Based on existing studies, we will discuss 1) the effectiveness of cooling interventions, 2) the underlying physiological mechanisms and 3) practical considerations regarding the use of different cooling techniques. Furthermore, we tried to identify the optimal cooling technique and compared whether cooling-induced performance benefits are different between cool, moderate and hot ambient conditions. This article provides researchers, physicians, athletes and coaches with important information regarding the implementation of cooling techniques to maintain exercise performance and to successfully compete in thermally stressful conditions.

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“…DOMS corresponds to the sensitivity, pain and muscle rigidity that occur when individuals perform an exercise they are not used to, of high intensity or with eccentric contractions [14][15][16] . DOMS usually appears 24 hours after the exercise, with peak of pain between 48 to 72 hours after the exercise 17,18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparação da satisfação, motivação, flexibilidade e dor muscular tardia entre método Pilates moderno e método Pilates instável

et al. 2017

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| The aim of our study was to compare the satisfaction and motivation for the practice of exercise, flexibility and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in healthy participants after exercises in two types of the Pilates method. For this, 50 healthy participants performed a session of exercises of modern Pilates and other of unstable Pilates. We evaluated the outcomes for satisfaction and motivation after sessions, posterior flexibility of the torso and lower extremities (sit-and-reach box) before and after each session, and DOMS 24, 48 and 72 hours after each session (Numeric Pain Rating Scale). Results showed no statistically significant difference between both types of Pilates for satisfaction and motivation, flexibility and DOMS 72 hours after the session (p>0.05).Regarding the DOMS we observed statistically significant difference between the two types 24 hours (difference between the means: -0.7; 95%CI: -1.5 to 0.0) and 48 hours (difference between means: -0.8; 95%CI: -1.4 to -0.2) after the session, with greater pain in unstable Pilates. As a conclusion, both categories of Pilates showed the same level of satisfaction and motivation and similar flexibility gain. However, unstablePilates caused more DOMS after 24 and 48 hours, but this difference was not clinically relevant.

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Whole-body cryotherapy (extreme cold air exposure) for preventing and treating muscle soreness after exercise in adults

Cited by 76 publications

References 68 publications

The effect of local cryotherapy on subjective and objective recovery characteristics following an exhaustive jump protocol

The effect of local cryotherapy on subjective and objective recovery characteristics following an exhaustive jump protocol

Cooling interventions for athletes: An overview of effectiveness, physiological mechanisms, and practical considerations

Comparação da satisfação, motivação, flexibilidade e dor muscular tardia entre método Pilates moderno e método Pilates instável

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