Whole-body cortisol increases after direct and visual contact with a predator in zebrafish, Danio rerio

Barcellos, Leonardo José Gil; Ritter, Filipe; Kreutz, Luiz Carlos; Quevedo, Rosmari Mezzalira; Silva, Leonardo Bolognesi da; Bedin, Alexandra Calliari; Finco, Jovani; Cericato, Leonardo

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.09.002

Cited by 187 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, the most important aspect to consider is that the cortisol levels measured in our fish (<1 ng g −1 M b ) cannot be considered representative of a stressful situation, as reported values in zebrafish subjected to different types of stress (e.g. crowding, handling, visual predator) are much higher, in the range 4-12 ng g −1 (Ramsay et al, 2006;Barcellos et al, 2007;Pavlidis et al, 2013). The lack of a cortisolrelated stress response has been documented in other species such as the gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata (Barton et al, 2005), and the wedge sole, Dicologoglossa cuneate (Herrera et al, 2015), suggesting that acclimation to a chronic stressor allowed the attenuation of cortisol release, which is more related to the acute rather than the chronic stress response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the proper rearing density in domesticated zebrafish to avoid unwanted masculinization. Links with the stress response

Ribas

Valdivieso

Díaz

et al. 2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

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The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has become a well-established experimental model in many research fields but the loss of the primary sex-determining region during the process of domestication renders laboratory strains of zebrafish susceptible to the effects of environmental factors on sex ratios. Further, an essential husbandry aspect -the optimal rearing density to avoid stress-induced masculinization -is not known. We carried out two experiments: the first focusing on the effects of density on survival, growth and sex ratio by rearing zebrafish at different initial densities (9, 19, 37 and 74 fish per litre) for 3 months (6-90 days post-fertilization, dpf ), and the second focusing on the effects of cortisol during the sex differentiation period (15-45 dpf) for zebrafish reared at low density. The results showed an increase in the number of males in groups subjected to the two highest initial rearing densities; we also observed a reduction of survival and growth in a density-dependent manner. Furthermore, zebrafish treated with cortisol during the sex differentiation period showed a complete masculinization of the population; treatment with the cortisol synthesis inhibitor metyrapone negated the effects of exogenous cortisol. Our results indicate that the process of sex differentiation in domesticated zebrafish can be perturbed by elevated stocking density and that this effect is likely to be mediated by an increase in cortisol through the stress response. However, the underlying mechanism needs further study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the proper rearing density in domesticated zebrafish to avoid unwanted masculinization. Links with the stress response

Ribas

Valdivieso

Díaz

et al. 2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…In that regard, alarm substance-induced reactions, such as increased bottom-dwelling, erratic swimming, and freezing, closely parallel those produced by visual contacts with predators or predator models in zebrafish (Gerlai, 2010). This species is a well-established laboratory model whose genome is almost completely mapped and that shows robust behavioral phenotypes of fear, anxiety, and stress (Barcellos et al, 2007;Mathur & Guo, 2010;Maximino et al, 2010;Norton & Bally-Cuif, 2010). It also shows marked nociceptive-like responses to chemical noxious irritants (Prober et al, 2008;Reilly et al, 2008a) and a relatively well-conserved opioidergic system González-Nuñez et al, 2006;González-Nuñez et al, 2003a, b, c;González-Nuñez, & Rodriguez, 2009;Rodríguez et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of nociceptive-like behavior in zebrafish (Danio rerio) by environmental stressors.

Maximino

2011

Psychology & Neuroscience

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Zebrafish have been demonstrated to react consistently to noxious chemical stimuli and present reliable phenotypes of stress, fear, and anxiety. In this article, we describe the modulation of nociceptive-like responses of zebrafish to fear-, stress-, and anxiety-eliciting situations. Animals were exposed to an alarm substance, confinement stress, or a novel environment before being injected with 1% acetic acid in the tail. The alarm substance and confinement stress reduced the display of erratic movements and tail-beating behavior elicited by acetic acid. The novelty of the environment, in contrast, increased the frequency of tail-beating behavior. The results suggest that descending modulatory control of nociception exists in zebrafish, with apparent fear-and stress-induced analgesia and anxiety-induced hyperalgesia.

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“…Increased acute predation risk has previously been shown to result in elevated cortisol levels (e.g., Rehnberg & Schreck, 1987;Barcellos et al, 2007). Other studies show that also oxygen consumption is influenced by predation risk (e.g., Metcalfe et al, 1987;Hawkins et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress responses of juvenile brown trout under winter conditions in a laboratory stream

Watz

2017

Hydrobiologia

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Winter can be a challenging period for fish in northern temperate rivers and streams, particularly in those that are channelized, structurally simple or regulated by, for instance, hydropower. In these systems, dynamic sub-surface ice formation commonly occurs and stable periods with ice cover may be short. Under these adverse conditions, access to shelters has been shown to be an important factor that influences overwinter survival, and exclusion from shelters by anchor ice may cause stress. Here, stress responses of juvenile brown trout under simulated winter conditions in an artificial stream were studied. Trout were subjected to three treatments in which the trout (1) were excluded from an instream wood shelter, simulating the effects of anchor ice, (2) had access to the shelter or (3) had surface ice cover in addition to the shelter. There was a positive correlation between ventilation frequency and plasma cortisol concentration. Trout without access to shelter had 30% higher ventilation frequency than trout with instream shelter and surface ice, but no differences in cortisol concentration or stress colour were found between the treatments. River regulation that reduces surface ice and increases anchor ice formation may lead to increased stress and consequently reduce overwinter survival rates.

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Whole-body cortisol increases after direct and visual contact with a predator in zebrafish, Danio rerio

Cited by 187 publications

References 22 publications

On the proper rearing density in domesticated zebrafish to avoid unwanted masculinization. Links with the stress response

On the proper rearing density in domesticated zebrafish to avoid unwanted masculinization. Links with the stress response

Modulation of nociceptive-like behavior in zebrafish (Danio rerio) by environmental stressors.

Stress responses of juvenile brown trout under winter conditions in a laboratory stream

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